Best Life Sciences Platforms and Tools Companies in Massachusetts, United States
The 299 best Life Sciences Platforms and Tools companies in Massachusetts, United States in 2026, ranked by funding and momentum. Funding, investors, founders, valuation, tech stack and live signals. Top: Tessera Therapeutics.
Our analysis of 50 Life Sciences Platforms and Tools companies
$4.8b in tracked funding; 68% of the stack-profiled cohort runs cloud-native; funding activity peaked in 2025.
Ranked: Best Life Sciences Platforms and Tools companies in Massachusetts
| # | Company | Disclosed funding | Last round | Employees | Founded | Founder | Patents & IP focus | Recent signals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tessera Therapeutics Provider of new genome engineering technology for treating multiple diseases | $532M | 50 mo ago | 203 | 2017 | Robert Citorik Co-Founder & Director | — | — |
| 2 | Repligen Provider of services for manufacturing biological drugs | $389M | 106 mo ago | 841 841 → 1,460 (+74%) · sector median -11% | 1981 | Paul Schimmel Co-Founder | 579 patents Bioprocess analytics and purification: spectroscopic monitoring, chromatography media, affinity ligands. | 1 launch |
| 3 | CELLINK 🦄 Developer of 3D bioprinters and bioinks for research purposes | $389M | 63 mo ago | 65 65 → 71 (+9%) · sector median -11% | 2016 | — | 64 patents Flexible multilayer printed interconnects for battery modules and terminal‑free connectors | — |
| 4 | Biocytogen Provider of integrated solutions for next-generation antibody drug development | $301M | 59 mo ago | 85 | 2008 | Yuelei Shen Founder & CEO | 2 patents Precise genome editing knock‑in technology for targeted DNA insertion | — |
| 5 | LifeMine Therapeutics Developer of novel drugs from fungi via genome mining and recombinant overexpression | $300M | 50 mo ago | 85 | 2016 | Weiqing Zhou Co-Founder & COO | — | — |
| 6 | ReNAgade Developer of RNA-based medicines to treat multiple diseases | $300M | 36 mo ago | 136 | 2021 | — | — | — |
| 7 | Dewpoint Therapeutics Developer of small molecule based therapeutics 53Funding top 17%Moat top 31%Talent top 38%News top 41% All 7 signals ▾Fundingtop 17% Moattop 31% Talenttop 38% Newstop 41% Markettop 45% Globalbottom 45% Techbottom 32% Funding: Raised $287M across 4 rounds · 4 rounds over 7 yrs (0.6/yr) Moat: Editorial + unicorn rating 8/10 · Soonicorn rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 53/100 | $287M | 9 mo ago | 147 | 2018 | Richard Young Co-Founder | — | 1 job opening |
| 8 | ABclonal Biotechnology Developer of protein and peptide reagents and kits for cell and molecular biology research | $281M | 54 mo ago | 12 | 2006 | — | — | — |
| 9 | Emulate Developer of in vitro models for drug development 78Funding top 15%Patents top 25%Moat top 26%Innovation top 34% All 10 signals ▾Fundingtop 15% Patentstop 25% Moattop 26% Innovationtop 34% Techtop 34% Growthtop 40% Markettop 45% AItop 45% Globalbottom 49% Newsbottom 22% Funding: Raised $225M across 10 rounds · 10 rounds over 12 yrs (0.8/yr) Patents: 479 patents matched (strict assignee match) · 170 filings since 2022 vs 309 in 2017-21 rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 78/100 | $225M | 8 mo ago | 103 103 → 71 (-31%) · sector median -11% | 2013 | — | 479 patents Microfluidic organ‑on‑chip platforms for tissue modeling and drug screening | 1 job opening |
| 10 | Microbia Developer of fine specialty chemicals | $224M | 231 mo ago | — | 1998 | Brian Cali Founder | 226 patents Microbial fermentation of therapeutic peptides and carotenoid production for GI drugs and food additives | — |
| 11 | Remix Therapeutics Developer of RNA processing therapeutics to treat multiple diseases | $211M | 29 mo ago | 56 56 → 50 (-11%) · sector median -11% | 2019 | Peter Smith Co-Founder | 202 patents Small-molecule modulators of RNA splicing targeting alternative splice site regulation | 4 job openings |
| 12 | SQZBiotech Developer of cell therapies to treat multiple diseases | $168M | 50 mo ago | 117 | 2013 | — | — | — |
| 13 | KSQ Drug discovery company employing functional genomics technology | $157M | 92 mo ago | 95 95 → 58 (-39%) · sector median -11% | 2015 | Tim Wang Co-Founder | — | — |
| 14 | Life Biosciences Biotechnology pioneering cellular rejuvenation therapies to reverse and prevent aging diseases 53Funding top 16%Growth top 28%Moat top 31%News top 43% All 7 signals ▾Fundingtop 16% Growthtop 28% Moattop 31% Newstop 43% Techtop 49% Globalbottom 39% Marketbottom 33% Funding: Raised $150M across 9 rounds · 9 rounds over 8 yrs (1.1/yr) Growth: Web rank 10,000,000 → 5,000,000 YoY · Fresh capital in last 24 mo rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 53/100 | $150M | 2 mo ago | 14 14 → 27 (+93%) · sector median -11% | 2017 | — | — | — |
| 15 | Quanterix Developer of assay kits for ultra-sensitive biomarker detection | $97M | 50 mo ago | 141 | 2007 | — | 138 patents Ultra-sensitive digital immunoassays for protein biomarkers in clinical diagnostics | 3 launchs · 2 partnerships |
| 16 | RedShift Provider of tools for analytical testing 57Moat top 22%Funding top 25%Product top 26%Growth top 32% All 10 signals ▾Moattop 22% Fundingtop 25% Producttop 26% Growthtop 32% Techtop 34% Innovationtop 35% Newstop 41% Talentbottom 49% Marketbottom 34% Globalbottom 32% Moat: Editorial + unicorn rating 8/10 · Soonicorn Funding: Raised $89.4M across 12 rounds · 12 rounds over 20 yrs (0.6/yr) rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 57/100 | $89M | 12 mo ago | 28 28 → 26 (-7%) · sector median -11% | 2005 | Eugene Ma Co-founder & CTO | — | — |
| 17 | SpectraWAVE Provider of diagnostic photonic imaging | $80M | 21 mo ago | 36 36 → 29 (-19%) · sector median -11% | 2012 | Gregg Stone Co-Founder | 35 patents Intravascular and anatomical imaging systems for plaque assessment and optical fiber radiation control | — |
| 18 | Hemanext Developer of technologies to store blood and its products 67Patents top 15%Innovation top 17%Moat top 26%Funding top 28% All 10 signals ▾Patentstop 15% Innovationtop 17% Moattop 26% Fundingtop 28% Growthtop 40% Talenttop 43% Techtop 47% Marketbottom 46% Globalbottom 36% Newsbottom 31% Patents: 265 patents matched (strict assignee match) · 194 filings since 2022 vs 65 in 2017-21 Innovation: 265 patents (top 8% of patent-holders) · 194 filings since 2022 vs 65 in 2017-21 rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 67/100 | $67M | 11 mo ago | 53 53 → 36 (-32%) · sector median -11% | 2004 | Martin Cannon Founder | 265 patents Patents concentrated in health & consumer products | — |
| 19 | Spear Bio Developer of ultrasensitive immunoassays and proteomics platforms for detecting protein biomarkers | $49M | 22 mo ago | 21 | 2021 | Feng Xuan Co-Founder & CEO | — | 3 launchs |
| 20 | BICO Provider of technologies, products, and services for life sciences research purposes | $49M | 41 mo ago | 955 955 → 897 (-6%) · sector median -11% | 2016 | Erik Gatenholm Co-Founder | — | 1 award |
| 21 | NanoMosaic Manufacturer of system for early disease detection and prognosis 53Innovation top 32%Patents top 33%Funding top 34%Moat bottom 49% All 6 signals ▾Innovationtop 32% Patentstop 33% Fundingtop 34% Moatbottom 49% Marketbottom 46% Globalbottom 35% Innovation: 19 patents (top 52% of patent-holders) · 14 filings since 2022 vs 5 in 2017-21 Patents: 19 patents matched (strict assignee match) · 14 filings since 2022 vs 5 in 2017-21 rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 53/100 | $41M | 7 mo ago | 37 | 2018 | — | 19 patents Nanostructured biosensors for viral particle detection and unbiased proteomic analysis | — |
| 22 | Nabla Provider of synthetic biology platform to identify functional proteins | $37M | 25 mo ago | 10 | 2020 | Frances Anastassacos Co-Founder | — | 1 job opening |
| 23 | Lucy Therapeutics Developer of drugs for treating neurological disorders | $36M | 24 mo ago | 6 | 2017 | Amy Ripka CEO & Founder | — | — |
| 24 | Quiver Bioscience Developer of transformational medicines for neurological disorders 67Talent top 28%Funding top 31%AI top 35%Market top 50% All 5 signals ▾Talenttop 28% Fundingtop 31% AItop 35% Markettop 50% Globalbottom 29% Talent: 3 named leaders on record · 3 C-suite/founder profiles curated Funding: Raised $28.9M across 16 rounds · 16 rounds over 8 yrs (2.0/yr) rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 67/100 | $29M | 2 mo ago | 48 | 2013 | Paul Roma Co-Founder | — | — |
| 25 | Cristcot Pharmaceutical company developing a novel rescue drug for ulcerative colitis flares | $27M | 13 mo ago | 4 | 2008 | — | 73 patents Rectal drug delivery devices and formulations for gastrointestinal therapeutic applications | 1 job opening |
| 26 | CytoTronics Developer of cell-based assays for drug discovery | $23M | 26 mo ago | 12 12 → 8 (-33%) · sector median -11% | 2015 | Vince Wu Co-founder & CTO | 7 patents Semiconductor sensor platforms for high‑throughput multi‑well assay measurements. | — |
| 27 | Bridge12 Technologies Microwave and terahertz systems for nuclear fusion, DNP, NMR, EPR spectroscopy | $22M | 14 mo ago | 21 | 2009 | Thorsten Maly Co-founder and Vice President Magnetic Resonance | — | — |
| 28 | seqWell Provider of NGS-based reagents and kits for life sciences research | $21M | 21 mo ago | 38 38 → 38 (+0%) · sector median -11% | 2014 | Jack Leonard Co-Founder & CTO | 27 patents Nucleic acid library preparation, normalization, and engineered transposase tools for NGS. | 2 launchs |
| 29 | Ginkgo Provider of autonomous laboratory systems for biological engineering and experimentation | $20M | 15 mo ago | — | 2009 | Austin Che Co-Founder | — | 1 launch · 2 awards |
| 30 | Fluent BioSciences Developer of reagent for DNA analysis for genetic analysis | $19M | 16 mo ago | 48 | 2018 | Sepehr Kiani Founder & CEO & President | 145 patents Microfluidic droplet platforms for single‑cell and multi‑omic analysis of biomolecules. | — |
| 31 | Amide Technologies Developer of automated peptide synthesis platform | $16M | 35 mo ago | 8 | 2017 | — | — | 1 launch |
| 32 | Atantares Developer of precision medicines & smart diagnostic devices by fusing biochip and AI technologies | $14M | 34 mo ago | 60 | 2020 | Xin Zhao Founder & CEO | 5 patents Point‑of‑care micro platelet function and viscoelastic blood coagulation diagnostics | — |
| 33 | TissueVision Innovating whole tissue imaging and analysis solutions for life-saving therapies 22Patents top 40%Funding top 43%Moat top 45%Innovation top 48% All 7 signals ▾Patentstop 40% Fundingtop 43% Moattop 45% Innovationtop 48% Techbottom 42% Globalbottom 37% Marketbottom 26% Patents: 41 patents matched (strict assignee match) · 9 filings since 2022 vs 15 in 2017-21 Funding: Raised $13.4M across 15 rounds · 15 rounds over 17 yrs (0.9/yr) rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 22/100 | $13M | 12 mo ago | 17 | 2005 | — | 41 patents Automated digital pathology: tissue section handling, indexing, multiplex imaging, and serial staining. | — |
| 34 | Parallel Fluidics Provider of microfluidic chips for research labs | $13M | 19 mo ago | 7 | 2020 | Joshua G Co-Founder & CEO | 6 patents Microfluidic device fabrication and modular platform integration with laser-welded components and embedded valves. | — |
| 35 | iSpecimen Provider of a biorepository of human clinical specimens 24News top 30%Tech top 36%Funding top 42%Partners top 45% All 9 signals ▾Newstop 30% Techtop 36% Fundingtop 42% Partnerstop 45% Growthbottom 44% Moatbottom 41% Marketbottom 38% Globalbottom 32% Fin. healthbottom 22% News: 10 BI events in 12 mo (of 51 tracked, 5 types) · +0% YoY Tech: 38 technologies across 4/8 capability areas · Cloud: Amazon Web Services, Cloudflare rank vs industry peers · Fliar Intelligence Index 24/100 | $12M | 1 mo ago | 75 | 2009 | — | — | — |
| 36 | Ark Biotech Manufacturer of bioreactors for producing cultivated meat | $11M | 25 mo ago | 22 | 2021 | Yossi Quint Founder & CEO | — | — |
| 37 | Adeptrix Developer of bead-assisted mass spectroscopy technology for proteomics | $10M | 13 mo ago | 7 | 2010 | — | 29 patents Multiplexed bead-based immunoassay platforms for high-throughput protein/biomarker analysis | 2 launchs |
| 38 | Gel4Med Bioinspired medical solutions company developing advanced biomaterials for unmet clinical needs | $10M | 14 mo ago | 4 | 2015 | — | 40 patents Peptide-based self‑assembling hydrogels for regenerative medicine and targeted drug/cell delivery | 1 partnership |
| 39 | Hunterian Provider of gene-editing platform based on CRISPR delivery technology | $8M | 16 mo ago | 6 | 2004 | Vinod Ranga Founder & CEO | — | — |
| 40 | PhagePro Developing phage treatments to combat antibiotic resistance and promote health equity | $5M | 18 mo ago | 5 | 2016 | Minmin Yen Co-Founder & CEO | — | — |
| 41 | Safi Bio Developer of developing cell therapies from hematopoietic progenitor cells | $5M | 20 mo ago | 7 | 2019 | — | — | — |
| 42 | Assay Quant Provider of SOX technology sensors for detection of protein kinase activity | $4M | 22 mo ago | 29 | 2015 | Erik Schaefer Co-founder | — | 1 launch |
| 43 | Parallel Bio Limited information available | $4M | 12 mo ago | 8 | 2020 | — | — | 3 job openings · 1 expansion |
| 44 | Outpost Bio Developer of artificial intelligence to analyze microbial ecosystems for medicine | $4M | 3 mo ago | — | 2025 | Alex Merwin Co-Founder & COO | — | 1 award |
| 45 | Expansion Technologies Innovating brain research through advanced microscopy and simulation technologies | $4M | 16 mo ago | 2 | 2015 | Ed Boyden Co-Founder | 2 patents Pipe/tube expansion devices for mechanical deformation and fabrication processes. | — |
| 46 | Biological Lattice Industries Provider of 3D bioprinting solutions for tissue repair and regeneration | $2M | 20 mo ago | — | 2021 | Filippos Tourlomousis Founder & CEO | — | — |
| 47 | Codomax Provider of cell engineering platform for enhanced recombinant protein production | $1M | 9 mo ago | — | 2023 | Shane Byrne Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer | — | — |
| 48 | Pendar Technologies Provider of a spectroscopic analytical instrument system | $1M | 21 mo ago | 54 54 → 46 (-15%) · sector median -11% | 2015 | Greg Rhodes Co-Founder | 2 patents Quantum cascade laser array-based infrared spectroscopy systems | — |
| 49 | ScreenIn3D Revolutionizing drug discovery with predictive 3D human disease models | $1M | 12 mo ago | 4 | 2018 | Alex Sim CEO | — | — |
Top 12 Life Sciences Platforms and Tools companies in Massachusetts
#1
Series D · Boston, Massachusetts · founded 2017 · 14 employees$150.2Mraised▾
Biotechnology pioneering cellular rejuvenation therapies to reverse and prevent aging diseases. The company is focused on targeting the biology of aging, which is the biggest risk factor for most chronic diseases. They are developing a novel partial epigenetic reprogramming platform that targets a key underlying mechanism of aging to prevent and reverse age-related diseases with significant unmet need to extend healthy human lifespan. This approach holds the promise of treating many of the most debilitating and chronic diseases. The platform builds on innovative science from world-leading researchers to partially reprogram the epigenome of aged and injured cells to restore cellular function to a younger state. This is a B2B model.
- Apr 2026Series D$80M
- Nov 2025Series C$31M
- Jan 2022Series C$82M
- Jun 2020Series B$18.2M
#2
Series E · Boston, Massachusetts · founded 2013 · 103 employees$225Mraised▾
Developer of in vitro models for drug development. The company has culture modules, organ-chips, and analytical software applications. The proprietary Organ-Chip models including the liver, intestine, kidney, and others contain tiny hollow channels lined with tens of thousands of living human cells and tissues are designed to predict human response.
- Sep 2025Grant (prize money)$493K
- Sep 2021Series E$82M
- Mar 2020Conventional Debt$19.3M
- Aug 2019Series C$28M
#3
Acquired · Cambridge, Massachusetts · founded 2013 · 48 employees$28.9Mraised▾
Developer of transformational medicines for neurological disorders. The company combines advanced human cellular models, unique measurement engineering, artificial intelligence, and machine learning into a proprietary platform to discover new drugs for neurological disease. The company's lead candidate is UBE3A for Seizure and Neurodevelopment Disorders.
- Apr 2026Series B—
- Dec 2025Grant (prize money)$3M
- Jul 2025Grant (prize money)$2.1M
- Mar 2025Grant (prize money)$2.2M
#4
Series D · Boston, Massachusetts · founded 2018 · 147 employees$287.1Mraised▾
Dewpoint Therapeutics is involved in development of small molecules based therapeutics. The company offers condensate biology to create dynamic, liquid compartments in cells for the treatment of neurodegeneration, cancer, and other diseases.
- Sep 2025Series D$59.1M
- Feb 2022Series C$150M
- Sep 2020Series B$77.1M
- Jan 2019Series A$60M
#5
Public · Lexington, Massachusetts · founded 2009 · 75 employees$11.9Mraised▾
iSpecimen is a supplier of human clinical specimens to the therapeutic, diagnostic, and academic research industries. The platform supply researchers with a range of liquid and solid specimens such as plasma, serum, whole blood, urine, CSF, and FFPE blocks and slides. Their customers include researchers in contract research organizations, government agencies, and academic institutions.
- May 2026Post IPO$2.5M
- Dec 2025Post IPO$5.5M
- Aug 2025Post IPO$1.8M
- Nov 2021Post IPO$21M
#6
Series A · Woburn, Massachusetts · founded 2018 · 37 employees$40.8Mraised▾
Manufacturer of system for early disease detection and prognosis
- Nov 2025Series A$3M
- Feb 2025Series A$1M
- Dec 2021Series A$40.8M
#7
Series E · Burlington, Massachusetts · founded 2005 · 28 employees$89.4Mraised▾
Redshift uses microfluidics modulation systems along with a tunable laser to develop analytical instruments for the detection of the very low level of analytes in the fluid. The technology can be applied in protein therapeutics detection where measurement of low concentration of the protein is critical. The instrument called ProLaser is used for lead candidate selection, preformulation and formulation development, process development optimization, and measuring and predicting stability, as well as for routine analytics, process monitoring, and QC release.
- Jun 2025Series E$5.9M
- Mar 2024Series E$5M
- Oct 2021Series E$20M
- Dec 2020Series D$6.4M
#8
Series B · Lexington, Massachusetts · founded 2004 · 53 employees$67Mraised▾
Developer of technologies to store blood and its products. They have developed 2 distinctive technologies namely Hemanext and MicroVascular Analyzer (measures RBC deformability). Hemanext enables the storage of RBC under anaerobic conditions. It has applications in various therapeutic conditions such as hypercoagulability, inflammation, impaired perfusion, immuno-modulation, etc.
- Jul 2025Series B$18.9M
- Jan 2025Series B$20M
- Nov 2024Series B$21.7M
- Dec 2023Series B$5M
#9
Seed · Boston, Massachusetts · founded 2025$3.5Mraised▾
Developer of artificial intelligence to analyze microbial ecosystems for medicine. It builds a closed-loop engine pairing wet lab science with machine learning. This creates foundational models and datasets to advance open science. It enables a new generation of predictive medicine through microbial interactions. The company seeks collaborators with pre/post-intervention datasets of the microbiome.
- Mar 2026Seed$3.5M
#10
Series C · Concord, Massachusetts · founded 2008 · 4 employees$26.9Mraised▾
Pharmaceutical company developing a novel rescue drug for ulcerative colitis flares. Focused on gastroenterology, the company addresses unmet needs in disease management with a low competitive landscape. Their lead product, completing Phase 3 trials, aims for clinical remission with mucosal healing in just four weeks, offering a unique rescue option for ulcerative colitis patients, alone or with maintenance therapies. The company's patented suppository, utilizing a novel hydrocortisone acetate formulation and applicator, ensures consistent drug delivery and eliminates leakage. With a strong IP portfolio extending market exclusivity, they are poised to provide relief from debilitating rectal symptoms and improve the quality of life for those living with ulcerative colitis. This innovative approach solves an unmet need in ulcerative colitis treatment.
- Apr 2025Series C$10.5M
- Apr 2024Series B$7M
- Oct 2019Series B$13.7M
- Aug 2017Series A$411.4K
#11
Funding Raised · Framingham, Massachusetts · founded 2009 · 21 employees$22Mraised▾
Microwave and terahertz systems for nuclear fusion, DNP, NMR, EPR spectroscopy. The company develops high-power microwave, millimeter-wave, and terahertz systems and components. These systems are used for applications like electron cyclotron heating in nuclear fusion reactors, dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced NMR spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy, material processing, and other scientific and industrial applications. They offer gyrotrons, electron guns, custom vacuum devices, transmission lines, and diagnostic systems. The company focuses on intelligent instruments for accelerating discovery in science and technology, providing solutions for plasma heating and diagnostics, and addressing the terahertz gap with advanced sources and components.
- Apr 2025Grant (prize money)$199.9K
- Mar 2025Grant (prize money)$2.6M
- Jan 2025Grant (prize money)$1.7M
- Jul 2023Grant (prize money)$400K
#12
Funding Raised · Somerville, Massachusetts · founded 2005 · 17 employees$13.4Mraised▾
Innovating whole tissue imaging and analysis solutions for life-saving therapies. The company is a life sciences imaging solutions provider, specializing in high-throughput 3D histology and whole tissue studies. They offer services, including study design, imaging, data analysis, and custom assay development. Their technology supports research in areas like Alzheimer's disease, brain mapping, biodistribution, tumor imaging, and liver fibrosis. They utilize platforms to produce high-fidelity multi-color images of whole organs and tissues, enabling quantitative analysis. They provide contract research services, assisting researchers and companies in developing new therapeutics for diseases. Their expertise lies in tissue imaging and analysis, offering both standard and custom data pipelines for processing large data volumes. They work with fixed tissues, providing imaging and processing through standard assays, and also develop custom assays, handling entire studies from tissue labeling through image analysis and final report.
- May 2025Grant (prize money)$1.3M
- Aug 2023Grant (prize money)$2.5M
- Sep 2022Grant (prize money)$353.8K
- Sep 2021Grant (prize money)$478.8K
Funding & investor landscape
Notable founders
Market landscape — 10 sub-themes by coverage
Share of Life Sciences Platforms and Tools coverage by sub-theme.
Regulatory-risk over time rising
Funding & growth over time
funding rising · growth rising
How research on Bioinformatics in Massachusetts is moving
A read on the academic research around Bioinformatics in Massachusetts — which themes are gaining ground, the institutions and researchers driving them, and how the tone is shifting. Based on 421 papers.
MIT, MGH, and UMass Chan lead Massachusetts bioinformatics research, predominantly advancing single-cell transcriptomics and CRISPR with a cautiously optimistic tone (stance 0.51).
- Massachusetts General Hospital161
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology154
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School56
- University of Massachusetts Amherst28
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary14
- Disease1→10
- Chromatin2→9
- Transcriptome3→9
- Gene9→15
- Transcription factor1→5
- Disease1→9
- Epigenetics1→5
- Gene3→6
- Disease2→6
- Cancer1→3