Industry landscapes
Industry report

Funding and advertised pay are reported in USD; filed accounts retain their stated source currency and basis.

Exchange-rate basis

Indicative conversions use ECB reference rates dated 2026-09-14, applied consistently across all periods. They are not historical exchange rates. Indian rupees may use crore (1 crore = 10 million); other currencies use K, M and B. CSV downloads, source documents and quoted news headlines retain their original currencies.

THE FRANCE EDITION 2026

France’s
aerospace, maritime and defense tech industry,
in focus.

The companies, capital and talent shaping aerospace, maritime and defense tech in France. Find the leaders. Understand the segments. See where the activity is.

Snapshot: Funding in USD
Illustrated cover for Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech Industry Landscape of France
FR
COMPANIES · CAPITAL · TALENT

An industry ecosystem,
measured in context.

Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech illustration
MEET THE COMPANIES

Explore France’s aerospace, maritime and defense tech leaders

24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.

Expand panel +
Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech company highlights in France, snapshot 2 September 2026
Company
Parrotparrot.com$320.41M542$61.17MFYFY2024 filing
Harmattan AIharmattan.ai$200M
Flying Whalesflying-whales.com$139.48M6 roles191$3.3MFYFY2024 filing
UnseenLabsunseenlabs.space$126.62M70
Arianespacearianespace.com$111.17M311
Exotrailexotrail.com$76.64M106
Univityunivity.global$67.89M$0FYFY2024 filing
Infinite Orbitsinfiniteorbits.io$59.41M33
ArianeGroupariane.group9 roles8,000
Roxelroxelgroup.com8 roles
Alstef Groupalstefgroup.com7 roles800
Exailexail.com7 roles
SOPHIEthesophieclub.com7 roles
Preligenspreligens.com6 roles227
TGI Maritime Softwaretgims.com5 roles
AeroExpoaeroexpo.online
Comexcomex.frFinancial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Delta Nauticdeltanautic.fr
Drone Voltdronevolt.com
Fountaine Pajotfountaine-pajot.com1,382Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Hemeria Grouphemeria-group.com245
Paris Aeroportparisaeroport.fr17,422Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
StreamWIDEstreamwide.com193Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Tonner Dronestonnerdrones.comFinancial figure available in RadarView in Radar
24 featured companies

Locked revenue figures are available in Radar; the eight company financial previews stay the same throughout this page. A dash means the figure is outside these featured lists. Revenue years vary by company; the figures are not a like-for-like revenue comparison. Compare annual accounts ↗

Company discovery

Recorded evidence only

Explore the live startup set in Radar

No company example met every recorded classification, independence and public-profile gate in this snapshot. The live directory may have newer qualifying companies.

Explore classified startups in Radar ↗
THE KEY SIGNALS

Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech industry KPIs in France

A few useful ratios bring the size of this ecosystem into perspective.

2 September 2026
Hiring participation10.4%

52 of 499 tracked companies have open roles.

Funding participation23.2%

116 of 499 tracked companies have a recorded round.

Top 3 funding share36.8%

Share of disclosed capital received by the three largest recorded recipients.

Median disclosed round$705.12K

Midpoint of 272 rounds with a disclosed amount.

Scale is concentrated. Opportunity is broader. The three largest funding recipients hold 36.8% of disclosed capital, while 76.8% of tracked companies have no recorded funding round.

Explore the segments →
CAPITAL & COMPANY FORMATION

How France aerospace, maritime and defense tech has grown

Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.

Expand panel +
2016 — 2025

Disclosed funding by year

Sum of recorded funding rounds · USD

France aerospace, maritime and defense tech
$0$73.6M$147.2M$220.79M$294.39M2016: $36.34M20162017: $39.74M20172018: $46.22M20182019: $19.66M20192020: $173.31M20202021: $70.45M20212022: $218.29M20222023: $108.57M20232024: $258.24M20242025: $180.69M2025
View the numbers
Annual aerospace, maritime and defense tech funding and company formation in France
YearFunding (USD)FoundedRaising
2016$36.34M3715
2017$39.74M2819
2018$46.22M2922
2019$19.66M3016
2020$173.31M3321
2021$70.45M2121
2022$218.29M3021
2023$108.57M917
2024$258.24M612
2025$180.69M410
WHERE CAPITAL SITS

Funding concentration

Share of all disclosed company funding.

  • Parrot17.8%
  • Harmattan AI11.1%
  • Flying Whales7.8%
  • Other companies63.2%

Funding by stage

305 recorded rounds since 2016

NUMBER OF ROUNDS
Seed & Angel54 17.7%
Series A–B51 16.7%
Series C+ / PE6 2.0%
Grants, debt & other194 63.6%

Recent recorded rounds

Latest recorded rounds · USD
4 rounds

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Series A04/2026
Univity $31.67M

Backed by Blast.Club and Expansion and others.

Series B04/2026
Donecle $11.79M

Backed by IRDI Capital Investissement and SWEN Capital Partners and others.

Largest and notable recorded rounds

Each card is one recorded round
10 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Series B01/2024
Latitudelatitude.eu$30M

Backed by Crédit Mutuel Innovation and UI Investissement and others.

THE BUSINESS BEHIND THE ACTIVITY

Revenue, profitability & financial strength

Annual accounts for reporting companies linked to this landscape, on like-for-like currency and reporting bases.

Expand panel +
EUR · millions · standalone

Display conversions use the dated reference rates above. Where a verified rate is unavailable, figures retain their source currency. Each reporting cohort keeps its currency and accounting basis separate.

FY2024 · annual statements grouped by reported fiscal year; exact entity periods remain on preview rows · 11 reporting entities from 20 eligible matches.

Revenue in covered accounts€164.0m

Sum of reporting-entity revenue; not France market sales.

Net profit / loss€-16.5m

Combined result for the same cohort.

Aggregate net margin-10.1%

Combined net income ÷ combined revenue.

Median company revenue€0.0m

The middle covered reporting entity.

Profitable entities+27.3%

3 of 11 covered entities.

Top-five concentration+100.0%

Share of covered revenue from the five largest entities.

Annual account trend

Reported cohort totals by year; coverage is stated for every period.

Bar height shows revenue. Changes in coverage can affect totals.

Profitability has two perspectives

FY2024 · 11 reporting entities

Open the company accounts

Up to eight fixed company previews show financial amounts. Search and sort the wider company list, then continue in Radar.

11 reporting entities
Continue your financial research in Radar

Explore full company accounts and filings.

View financials in Radar ↗
FRANCE · INDUSTRY COHORTS

How does aerospace, maritime and defense tech compare?

Each pair uses the same year, currency and reporting basis. Cohort overlap is disclosed.

IndustryCovered / eligibleRevenue totalMedian revenueNet profit / lossAggregate marginProfitable shareOverlap

Available-account cohorts are not estimates of whole industries. Overlapping entities can occur in more than one cohort; do not add cohort totals.

Coverage, calculations & financial sources

Filed annual accounts for exact designated national identifiers. Every aggregate and peer pair uses one fiscal year, source currency and reporting basis; periods, coverage and overlap are explicit; 2026 partials are excluded.

The same up to eight reporting entities remain open across years, filters and sorts. Other company figures are available in Radar.

Source currencies and accounting bases stay separate. Missing accounts are excluded rather than treated as zero. Exact reporting periods appear on company previews. Annual totals can change with coverage and do not measure growth of a fixed company cohort.

DIGITAL FOOTPRINT

Web traffic, app reach and release cadence

How the France companies on this page show up online: the sites people visit, the apps they install, and how often those apps ship.

Most-installed apps

38 of these companies (7.6%) publish at least one Android app — 70 apps in all, carrying 3.2M installs between them.

AppInstallsRatingStore category
Paris Aéroport – Official AppParis Aeroport1.2M4.3Maps & Navigation
Navily - Your Cruising GuideNavily878.2K3.9Travel & Local
FreeFlight 6Parrot351.1K3.1Photography
Weather - Routing - NavigationSailGrib303.5K4.5Weather
FreeFlight 6 USAParrot134.4K1.9Photography
PPGpS LitePPGpS49.2K1.8Sports
Anchor Alarm - SailGrib AASailGrib40.3K4.2Sports
Pass-PortsATOUT PORTS22.4KTravel & Local
FlightLogFlightLog22.3K3.9Productivity
Singularity by VaonisVaonis18.7K3.7Education

Installs are lifetime totals to date at the June 2026 store reading — a measure of reach, not of people using an app today.

App reach by segment

The busiest app inside each of this page’s own segments, with the quarterly release trend behind it (2023Q3–2026Q2).

SegmentAppsInstallsLeading appRelease trend
Maritime Tech311.3MNavily - Your Cruising Guide 878.2K
Aviation It221.3MParis Aéroport – Official App 1.2M
Drones8505.5KFreeFlight 6 351.1K
Military Tech5487.2KFreeFlight 6 USA 134.4K
Logistics Tech635.9KPass-Ports 22.4K
Space Tech431.8KSingularity by Vaonis 18.7K
Enterprise Software410.7KBoatOn 8.4K
Aerospace Tech22.3KFalcon Cameras 2K

A company can carry several segment tags, so these rows overlap and should not be added together. Trend lines are zero-based and share one quarter grid, so a flat line is a quiet segment, not a missing one.

Release cadence by quarter

New apps published, beside apps whose most recent update landed in that quarter — the second bar is how much of the shelf is still being maintained.

2023Q1: 32023Q1: 02023Q12023Q2: 12023Q2: 02023Q22023Q3: 42023Q3: 42023Q32023Q4: 32023Q4: 32023Q42024Q1: 12024Q1: 02024Q12024Q2: 12024Q2: 42024Q22024Q3: 12024Q3: 42024Q32025Q2: 12025Q2: 12025Q22025Q3: 22025Q3: 92025Q32025Q4: 22025Q4: 32025Q42026Q1: 12026Q1: 82026Q1

Darker bars are new releases, lighter bars apps updated. 63 of 70 apps carry a release date. The series ends at 2026Q1, the last quarter that closed before the June 2026 reading.

INSIDE THE INDUSTRY

The France aerospace, maritime and defense tech market map

Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.

Expand panel +

Where companies are building

Rank segments by scale, hiring or disclosed funding.

Enterprise tech398
Deep tech225
Enterprise software129
Saas82
Consumer digital72
Commercial drones42
Travel and hospitality saas38
Green transport22
Industry 4.014
Aircraft mro tech13
Marketplaces13
Drone software13

Companies can sit in several segments. Counts and funding overlap.

SEGMENT TO EXPLORE

Enterprise tech

The largest measured segment in this report snapshot.

398companies
11.1%have hiring activity

44 companies hiring · $1.71B disclosed funding

Explore in Radar

How companies make money

Common revenue models; a company can use more than one.

Subscription226
Physical commerce153
Fee-for-service105
E-commerce - product101
Commission on transaction42
E-commerce - service19
Advertising14
Licensing3
THE COMPANIES IN MOTION

Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work

Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.

Expand panel +
Recent corporate headlines 10 dated reports
Mergers & acquisitionssinay.ai ↗

The move builds on earlier acquisitions of marine weather analytics provider OpenOcean in 2022.

Funding roundsdonecle.com ↗

Drone-based aircraft inspection specialist Donecle has received €10 million ($11.7 million) in new capital investment to drive international expansion and further its artificial intelligence (AI) technology development. The funding round was jointly led by French private equity firms IRDI Capital Investissement and SWEN Capital Partners, with the participation of venture capital and investment firms GSO Innovation and ARIS Occitanie.

Mergers & acquisitionscls.fr ↗

CLS Group has entered into exclusive negotiations with Valemo and Geps Innov to acquire Akrocean

IPO activitytonnerdrones.com ↗

Paris, January 22, 2026, 08:00, Tonner Drones (hereinafter the "Company") today publishes additional information on BSA-2025-2 after the postponement of the first day of listing, originally scheduled for January 16, 2026.

Funding roundsskynopy.com ↗

France’s Skynopy obtained €15 million to expand its global ground-station network.

Funding roundsleanspace.io ↗

Leanspace announces a fund raising of 10 million euros. This round table includes the arrival of new strategic investors such as ISAI Cap Venture, Capgemini's corporate venture fund, and Qwaltec, an American space and defence company, with historical support from the Alsatian start-up, which, after a first €6 million raise in 2022, also contributed to this operation.

Funding roundsinfiniteorbits.io ↗

The funding follows 2024’s €12 million raise to build the first life extension satellite “Endurance” – as reported by EU-Startups.

Funding roundsewake.ai ↗

Ewake secures €2M to boost software reliability with AI agents

Mergers & acquisitionsxd-motion.com ↗

The acquisition of XD Motion, a French company that is known for its innovative control systems that enable secure outdoor Media Production Robotic experiences and provides reliable control of indoor robotic arms, followed a couple of weeks later, as announced on September 11th.

Mergers & acquisitionseveraxis.com ↗

Everaxis, a leading global player in high-precision rotating solutions, announced the acquisition of 2G Engineering.

Full recorded event mix

Top 10 categories among 161 recorded events in the 24-month window.

Contracts
39
Company announcements
34
Earnings
28
Funding rounds
17
Mergers & acquisitions
14
Leadership moves
11
Capital infusions
8
Buyback
3
New products
2
Asset acquisitions
2
4 activity cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

IPO pipeline

1 companies with recorded IPO activity

IPO activity1 reports

Regulatory events

1 recorded events

approved for airport feesAutorité de régulation des transports (ART)

Earnings pulse

Reported company results in the recorded window.

7companies
27period observations
11.7%median reported growth

Median across 25 reported growth observations; companies may contribute multiple periods.

Mergers and acquisitions

Company-linked deal reports; status is preserved as recorded.

Acquirer → targetStatusDateValue / context
SinaymaritraceCompleted2026-04-28Not stated in snapshot
SinayopenoceanCompleted2026-04-24Not stated in snapshot
SinaysafecubeCompleted2026-04-24Not stated in snapshot
CLS GroupakroceanAnnounced2026-02-23Not stated in snapshot
CLS GroupngisAnnounced2026-01-27Not stated in snapshot
Tonner DronesmyhotelmatchAnnounced2025-11-27Not stated in snapshot

A discussion or rumour is not a completed transaction. An unstated value is not zero.

PEOPLE & OPPORTUNITY

The talent market

844 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 2,489-posting snapshot covers 57 employers.

Expand panel +

Most advertised job titles

Gestionnaire De Paie H/F68
Collaborateur Comptable H/F44
Auditeur Financier H/F22
Gestionnaire Copropriété H/F16
Ingénieur Devops Senior F/H14
Auditeur Senior H/F13
0 internship postings

0 tracked postings mention remote work.

The seniority mix

209 postings specify a level.

unspecified
2,280
manager
75
senior
73
intern
31
lead
20
entry
10

Skills employers mention

Top skills across 2,489 tracked postings in the available jobs snapshot.

Python
28
C++
20
Git
11
Soldering
9
Robotics
9
Solidworks
9
Embedded Systems
6
Altium
6
Machine Learning
6
Wiring
5
ADVERTISED PAY$37.8K/ year

Median across 35 postings with pay data, expressed in USD.

THE PEOPLE BUILDING THE FIELD

Founders and leaders

318 founders and chief executives across 226 companies.

Expand panel +
12 profiles

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Education networks

39 profiles with education records.

HEC Paris
9
INSEAD
7
Stanford University
4
Imperial College London
3
University of Cambridge
3
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2
ESSEC Business School
2
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
1

Prior employers

4 profiles with prior-work records.

Apple
1
McKinsey
1
Goldman Sachs
1
Boston Consulting Group
1

Profiles cover recorded founders and leaders; contact details remain in Radar.

NEWS INTELLIGENCE

How this industry appears in the news

745,558 articles in the measured 12-month window.

Expand panel +
745,558articles in the measured year
125,351articles in 2026Q1
39.5%positive tone in the latest complete year

News volume trends

Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech coverage across France · articles per complete quarter

0110,658221,315331,973442,6302021Q2: 96,0572021Q22021Q3: 102,3232021Q4: 92,6712022Q1: 104,6782022Q2: 103,7662022Q22022Q3: 98,0832022Q4: 133,2992023Q1: 128,3162023Q2: 127,6462023Q22023Q3: 140,6912023Q4: 116,1182024Q1: 142,9792024Q2: 151,6632024Q22024Q3: 167,8542024Q4: 150,7472025Q1: 202,1062025Q2: 144,8812025Q22025Q3: 384,8962025Q4: 99,3002026Q1: 125,3512026Q1
View quarterly article counts
QuarterArticles
2021Q296,057
2021Q3102,323
2021Q492,671
2022Q1104,678
2022Q2103,766
2022Q398,083
2022Q4133,299
2023Q1128,316
2023Q2127,646
2023Q3140,691
2023Q4116,118
2024Q1142,979
2024Q2151,663
2024Q3167,854
2024Q4150,747
2025Q1202,106
2025Q2144,881
2025Q3384,896
2025Q499,300
2026Q1125,351

Article volume measures coverage, not market sales.

Tone of coverage over time

2021
167,635 positive · 28,634 neutral · 114,409 negative
2022
240,766 positive · 41,283 neutral · 157,010 negative
2023
293,014 positive · 53,998 neutral · 164,808 negative
2024
333,833 positive · 79,454 neutral · 198,707 negative
2025
327,582 positive · 151,559 neutral · 350,916 negative

Leading coverage topics

Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech coverage across France · ranked by full-period article count.

Geopolitical Disputes And Contested Areas296,030 articles in the full recorded period
107,751 recent · 80,703 prior
International And Transnational Geographic Entities296,005 articles in the full recorded period
107,744 recent · 80,703 prior
Administrative And Political Subdivisions295,933 articles in the full recorded period
107,719 recent · 80,681 prior
International Political Relations78,404 articles in the full recorded period
20,933 recent · 18,274 prior
International Sports Competitions72,483 articles in the full recorded period
10,453 recent · 22,088 prior
Security And Defense Policies47,260 articles in the full recorded period
13,294 recent · 11,365 prior
Olympic Games Coverage41,319 articles in the full recorded period
5,284 recent · 17,820 prior
International Relations And Diplomacy34,890 articles in the full recorded period
9,662 recent · 8,433 prior
Professional League Updates33,098 articles in the full recorded period
6,764 recent · 6,988 prior
Championship Event Highlights24,925 articles in the full recorded period
4,544 recent · 6,102 prior

Recent and prior counts use the source comparison windows.

Topics gaining and losing attention

Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech coverage across France

KeywordRecentPriorChange
countries3,9301,444172%
multilateral diplomacy2,1701,36159%
national security strategy1,23970376%
conceptual rock albums1,026303320%
free trade deals97868044%
trade dispute mechanisms91457659%
international cooperation86658748%
bilateral trade74649052%
nuclear proliferation62035575%
electric vehicle r&d61643641%
olympic trials7784,997-84%
olympic team selections8824,908-82%
olympic venues3592,687-87%
summer olympics athletics1472,675-95%
olympians career highlights2092,491-92%

Event and signal lenses

Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech coverage across France

All complete annual cohorts shown
Rising

Regulatory Risk

791,288 classified articles

territories, disputed islands, countries

28.6% critical · 19.4% positive
Rising

Funding Momentum

99,311 classified articles

club valuation, inflation reports fx, currency intervention policies

36.3% critical · 41.6% positive
Rising

Growth

183,777 classified articles

gdp growth rate, nba expansion teams, gdp acceleration

28.5% critical · 46.0% positive

Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech coverage across France. Topic labels describe recorded classifications and can include broad context.

RESEARCH SIGNALS

What Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech research is working on

8,551 papers in the recorded worldwide scope.

Expand panel +
8,551papers
8,551worldwide comparison pool
India-affiliated papers

Research orientation

Promising
3,284
Descriptive
2,979
Breakthrough
819
Problem-identifying
552
Comparative
486
Cautionary
372
Critical
59

Contribution mix

Empirical
4,244
Methods-led
3,396
Reviews
556
Position pieces
284
Theoretical
71

Tone counts: 6,101 positive · 2,274 neutral · 176 negative.

Common problems researchers identify
611 papers · 7.1% of this field
  • Launch vehicle157 papers
  • Rocket152 papers
  • Aerospace engineering145 papers
  • Space launch140 papers
  • Aeronautics139 papers
  • Space127 papers
  • Rocket engine89 papers
  • Liquid-propellant rocket61 papers

Landmark: Sensitivity and Nonlinearity of Thermoacoustic Oscillations

Cautions
372 papers · 4.4% of this field
  • Rocket109 papers
  • Rocket engine97 papers
  • Aerospace engineering93 papers
  • Launch vehicle59 papers
  • Propellant57 papers
  • Liquid-propellant rocket44 papers
  • Thrust43 papers
  • Space launch42 papers

Landmark: Limits on the Space Launch Market Related to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Opportunities
4,103 papers · 48.0% of this field
  • Rocket1,406 papers
  • Rocket engine1,163 papers
  • Aerospace engineering1,056 papers
  • Propellant698 papers
  • Launch vehicle688 papers
  • Liquid-propellant rocket576 papers
  • Thrust487 papers
  • Propulsion425 papers

Landmark: Entry Guidance: A Unified Method

Leading institutions

Marshall Space Flight Center
1,297
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
1,159
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V.
999
Sapienza University of Rome
797
Langley Research Center
752
Jacobs
664

Leading researchers

Francesco Nasuti
718
Marco Pizzarelli
540
Ping Lu
526
Justin Hardi
453
Michael Oschwald
393
P. Wolański
372
Matthew P. Juniper
355
Dmitry Suslov
344

Highly cited breakthrough-labelled papers

  • Entry Guidance: A Unified Method380 citations
  • Space Flight Demonstration of Rotating Detonation Engine Using Sounding Rocket S-520-3150 citations
  • Heat Transfer Prediction for Methane in Regenerative Cooling Channels with Neural Networks41 citations
  • Side Loads in Subscale Dual Bell Nozzles40 citations
  • Nonadiabatic Flamelet Formulation for Predicting Wall Heat Transfer in Rocket Engines40 citations

Common problems researchers identify

590 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Launch Vehicle Safety ChallengesCommon problems researchers identify · 01

Launch Vehicle Safety Challenges

119 papers

20.2% of this theme group

Researchers highlight failure modes and disposal issues affecting launch vehicle reliability and mission success.

Launch vehicle (89) · Aeronautics (45) · Aerospace engineering (44) · Space launch (37)

Analysis of Space Launch Vehicle Failures and Post-Mission Disposal Statistics

Reliability products for Space Launch Vehicle safety assessments

View research history
YearShare index
20221015.7
20231129.3
20241225.7
2025640.5
Space Launch System AffordabilityCommon problems researchers identify · 02

Space Launch System Affordability

115 papers

19.5% of this theme group

Studies examine cost drivers and strategic considerations for sustainable space launch capabilities.

Space launch (66) · Aeronautics (46) · Space (39) · CubeSat (13)

NASA's Space Launch System: Systems Engineering Approach for Affordability and Mission Success

Space Launch Capabilities and National Strategy Considerations

View research history
YearShare index
2022222.2
2023217.2
2024271.7
2025222.8
Aerodynamic and Acoustic LoadsCommon problems researchers identify · 03

Aerodynamic and Acoustic Loads

91 papers

15.4% of this theme group

Works focus on lift‑off flow fields, acoustic environments, and mitigation techniques for launch vehicles.

Aerospace engineering (42) · Aeronautics (34) · Hypersonic speed (7) · Launch vehicle (27)

Flow Field and Acoustic Investigations of the Launch Vehicle Environment during Lift-off

Aeroacoustic Improvements during Lift-off of Launch Vehicles

View research history
YearShare index
20221021.3
20231136.7
20241232.8
2025645.6
Liquid‑Propellant Engine InstabilitiesCommon problems researchers identify · 04

Liquid‑Propellant Engine Instabilities

77 papers

13.1% of this theme group

Papers discuss combustion instability mechanisms and control strategies for liquid rocket engines.

Liquid-propellant rocket (52) · Propellant (33) · Rocket engine (39) · Rocket (38)

Perspective of Technology for Liquid Rocket Engines

Combustion Instabilities and its Control Techniques for Liquid Propellant Rocket Engine

View research history
YearShare index
2022128.8
2023133.2
2024118.4
2025123.0
Policy and Industry GovernanceCommon problems researchers identify · 05

Policy and Industry Governance

70 papers

11.9% of this theme group

Analyses address legal, political, and competitive challenges shaping the commercial space sector.

Space (61) · Government (35) · Space industry (13) · Accountability (10)

Title IV Space Resource Exploration and Utilization of the US Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act: A Legal and Political Assessment

Commercial Space Transportation: Industry Trends, Government Challenges, and International Competitiveness Issues

View research history
YearShare index
2022132.3
2023122.1
2024127.6
2025142.5
Hybrid Rocket Propulsion LimitsCommon problems researchers identify · 06

Hybrid Rocket Propulsion Limits

65 papers

11.0% of this theme group

Research reviews hybrid engine concepts, control methods, and future performance prospects.

Rocket (51) · Rocket engine (37) · Propulsion (16) · Spacecraft propulsion (9)

Theoretical Investigation on Feedback Control of Hybrid Rocket Engines

Review on Hybrid Rocket Engine: Past, Present and Future Scenario

View research history
YearShare index
202294.5
2023103.7
202481.4
2025110.2
Combustion Chamber Heat ManagementCommon problems researchers identify · 07

Combustion Chamber Heat Management

53 papers

9.0% of this theme group

Investigations target nozzle flow, chamber heating, and cooling techniques for rocket propulsion.

Combustion (17) · Nozzle (12) · Combustion chamber (12) · Rocket (23)

Numerical Simulations of a Single Injector Gaseous Methane Rocket Combustion Chamber

Experimental Validation of Nozzle Flow Simulations for Rocket Application Rotating Detonation Engines

View research history
YearShare index
20221262.5
20231278.9
20241001.8
2025884.8

Cautions

358 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Launch Environment Risk FactorsCautions · 01

Launch Environment Risk Factors

77 papers

21.5% of this theme group

Authors caution about lightning, cost thresholds, and other hazards impacting satellite launch operations.

Space launch (33) · Space (19) · Satellite (10) · Launched (13)

Investigation on improvements in lightning retest criteria for spacecraft

Launch Cost Thresholds for Economic Activity

View research history
YearShare index
20221740.6
20231860.2
20241925.9
20251829.2
Combustion Instability RisksCautions · 02

Combustion Instability Risks

77 papers

21.5% of this theme group

Studies warn of high‑frequency instabilities in both hybrid and liquid‑propellant rocket engines.

Rocket (42) · Rocket engine (38) · Combustion (22) · Liquid-propellant rocket (24)

Experimental Characterization of Combustion Instabilities in High-Mass-Flux Hybrid Rocket Engines

Experimental Validation of Off-design Combustion for Liquid-propellant Rocket Engine High-frequency Instability

View research history
YearShare index
20221206.9
20231226.0
2024974.3
2025854.0
Trajectory Optimization UncertaintiesCautions · 03

Trajectory Optimization Uncertainties

66 papers

18.4% of this theme group

Research highlights boundary‑layer transition and pressure effects that complicate reusable launch vehicle trajectories.

Launch vehicle (44) · Aerospace engineering (32) · Trajectory (8) · Aeronautics (13)

Influence of Boundary Layer Transition on the Trajectory Optimisation of a Reusable Launch Vehicle

Unsteady Surface Pressure Characterization on Launch Vehicle in Liftoff Configuration

View research history
YearShare index
20221035.1
20231152.5
20241231.7
2025703.1
Heat Transfer and Radiative LoadingCautions · 04

Heat Transfer and Radiative Loading

45 papers

12.6% of this theme group

Papers emphasize challenges in measuring and modeling heat flux within rocket thrust chambers.

Heat transfer (11) · Coolant (8) · Combustion chamber (14) · Heat flux (8)

Overview and analysis of the experimentally measured throat heat transfer in liquid rocket engine thrust chambers

Radiative Heating in Combustion Chamber of Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines

View research history
YearShare index
2022411.7
2023415.5
2024355.1
2025280.8
Rotating Detonation Engine ComplexityCautions · 05

Rotating Detonation Engine Complexity

38 papers

10.6% of this theme group

Analyses point to modeling and performance uncertainties for detonation‑based rocket propulsion.

Detonation (20) · Nozzle (15) · Rocket (17) · Rocket engine (16)

Rotating Detonation Engine Performance Model for Rocket Applications

Low-Order Parametric Analysis of a Rotating Detonation Engine in Rocket Mode

View research history
YearShare index
2022152.9
2023162.4
2024110.7
2025102.6
Thrust Vector Control LimitationsCautions · 06

Thrust Vector Control Limitations

32 papers

8.9% of this theme group

Works discuss constraints on thrust vectoring and impulse efficiency for hybrid and liquid rockets.

Thrust (21) · Nozzle (12) · Specific impulse (8) · Rocket (16)

Demonstration of Thrust Vector Control by Hydrogen Peroxide Injection in Hybrid Rockets

Validation of Transverse Instability Damping Computations for Rocket Engines

View research history
YearShare index
2022160.1
2023166.2
2024102.6
2025109.7
Combined‑Cycle Propulsion IntegrationCautions · 07

Combined‑Cycle Propulsion Integration

23 papers

6.4% of this theme group

Studies caution about performance prediction and suction issues in rocket‑ramjet hybrid systems.

Ramjet (6) · Scramjet (5) · Propulsion (8) · Combustor (5)

Performance of a Rocket-Ramjet Combined-Cycle Engine Model in Ejector Mode Operation

Analytical Method for Prediction of Suction Performance of Ejector-Jet

View research history
YearShare index
202293.6
2023106.2
202478.5
2025113.6

Opportunities

3,908 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Advanced Hybrid Rocket DevelopmentOpportunities · 01

Advanced Hybrid Rocket Development

778 papers

19.9% of this theme group

Research explores novel hybrid engine designs and reliability‑focused development frameworks.

Rocket (531) · Rocket engine (456) · Aerospace engineering (301) · Thrust (167)

Characterization of Advanced Hybrid Rocket Engines

Demonstration of a Reliability-Driven Framework for Rocket Engine Development, Test, and Verification

View research history
YearShare index
20221014.2
20231132.1
20241215.7
2025664.2
Launch Vehicle Control InnovationsOpportunities · 02

Launch Vehicle Control Innovations

754 papers

19.3% of this theme group

Papers present new flight control architectures and dynamic modeling for flexible launch systems.

Launch vehicle (503) · Trajectory (116) · Aerospace engineering (275) · Control theory (88)

Analysis and Design of Launch Vehicle Flight Control Systems

Dynamic Modeling and Flight Control Simulation of a Large Flexible Launch Vehicle

View research history
YearShare index
20221035.1
20231152.5
20241231.7
2025703.1
Mission Cargo Integration and Mission FlexibilityOpportunities · 03

Mission Cargo Integration and Mission Flexibility

665 papers

17.0% of this theme group

Works focus on spacecraft and mission-cargo strategies enabling diverse launch destinations.

Mission cargo (204) · Space launch (190) · Satellite (113) · Spacecraft (134)

Space Launch System Spacecraft and Mission cargo Elements: Making Progress Toward First Launch

NASA's Space Launch System: One Vehicle, Many Destinations

View research history
YearShare index
20221637.1
20231766.0
20241825.4
20251710.0
Liquid‑Propellant Engine Design AdvancesOpportunities · 04

Liquid‑Propellant Engine Design Advances

552 papers

14.1% of this theme group

Studies propose improved designs and predictive models for high‑performance liquid rocket engines.

Liquid-propellant rocket (383) · Propellant (264) · Rocket engine (289) · Rocket (274)

Design of liquid-propellant rocket engines

Mathematical modeling and numerical simulations for performance prediction in case of a liquid propelled rocket engine

View research history
YearShare index
2022128.8
2023133.2
2024118.4
2025123.0
Regenerative Cooling TechniquesOpportunities · 05

Regenerative Cooling Techniques

447 papers

11.4% of this theme group

Research introduces innovative heat‑transfer methods for efficient cooling of rocket combustion chambers.

Combustion chamber (157) · Heat transfer (86) · Rocket engine (243) · Combustion (130)

A novel heat transfer modeling methodology for regenerative cooling in liquid propellant rocket engines

Development of a mathematical model for the cooling channel of a liquid propellant rocket engine’s chamber with respect for variations in co

View research history
YearShare index
2022415.7
2023421.6
2024365.8
2025288.6
High‑Impulse Propulsion ConceptsOpportunities · 06

High‑Impulse Propulsion Concepts

393 papers

10.1% of this theme group

Papers investigate turbojet, pulse detonation, and other high‑specific‑impulse propulsion technologies.

Propulsion (72) · Propellant (88) · Specific impulse (42) · Very-long-baseline interferometry (11)

Mathematical modeling and numerical simulations for performance prediction in case of the Turbojet engine

Thrust Performance and Heat Load Modelling of Pulse Detonation Engines

View research history
YearShare index
2022167.8
2023179.6
2024146.3
2025178.1
Optimized Rocket Nozzle GeometriesOpportunities · 07

Optimized Rocket Nozzle Geometries

319 papers

8.2% of this theme group

Works develop CFD‑based designs for diverse nozzle configurations to boost engine performance.

Nozzle (296) · Rocket engine nozzle (94) · Rocket (146) · Rocket engine (133)

Computational Fluid Dynamics Model of Various Types of Rocket Engine Nozzles

Numerical investigation on performance of convergent–divergent nozzle with multi‐inlet combustion chamber of a rocket engine

View research history
YearShare index
2022124.7
2023133.4
202489.5
202584.2

How this field compares with the research baseline

Orientation shares compared with 25,000 papers in the reference sample.

Research orientationThis fieldReference sample
Promising38.4%37.2%
Descriptive34.8%17.1%
Breakthrough9.6%27.1%
Problem-identifying6.5%9.6%
Comparative5.7%3.7%
Cautionary4.4%4.5%
Critical0.7%0.8%

Concerns receiving less research attention

Counts and shares refer to the stated research pool. A low count describes how much of that research is recorded here, not the absence of a real-world concern.

Concern / example paperPapersShareRaised as a problemWorldwide share
Privacy & surveillanceCommercial space transportation surveillance needs assessment80.1%1 (12.5%)0.1%
Concentration of compute powerAnalysis of electronic communications markets and assessment of significant market power30.04%1 (33.3%)0.04%
Water useJoint design and simulation of GOX-GCH4 combustion and cooling in an experimental water-cooled subscale rocket engine20.02%0 (0.0%)0.02%
Energy & datacenter footprint00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Carbon & emissions of compute00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Hardware, e-waste & supply chain00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Labour & data work00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Safety & misuse00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Bias & fairness00.0%0 (%)0.0%

Institution and researcher rankings use citations to their covered work. Research scope: worldwide. This may be broader than the company geography.

GEOGRAPHIC FOOTPRINT

Where companies are based

Company counts, hiring and disclosed funding across the recorded hubs.

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8 cards

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UNDERSTAND THE LANDSCAPE

Aerospace, Maritime and Defense Tech in France: key questions

Clear definitions for making better comparisons.

What does this landscape measure?

It measures the tracked company ecosystem, recorded funding, hiring and other available evidence. It is not a market-size estimate.

Can segment counts be added together?

No. A company can belong to several segments, so segment counts and funding can overlap.

What does a missing figure mean?

A dash or unavailable panel means the current reviewed source snapshot does not support that figure.

Company ecosystem snapshot: 2 September 2026. Funding is recorded in USD; filed accounts retain their stated currency and reporting basis. Each section identifies its own coverage. The news and research behind these sections is explorable in Prism.

Canonical landscape ↗
Coming soon