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Funding and advertised pay are reported in USD; filed accounts retain their stated source currency and basis.

Exchange-rate basis

Indicative conversions use ECB reference rates dated 2026-09-14, applied consistently across all periods. They are not historical exchange rates. Indian rupees may use crore (1 crore = 10 million); other currencies use K, M and B. CSV downloads, source documents and quoted news headlines retain their original currencies.

THE INDIA EDITION 2026

India’s
ar, vr and spatial computing industry,
in focus.

The companies, capital and talent shaping ar, vr and spatial computing in India. Find the leaders. Understand the segments. See where the activity is.

Explore in Radar Read the key signals
Snapshot: Funding in USD
Illustrated cover for AR, VR and Spatial Computing Industry Landscape of India
IN
COMPANIES · CAPITAL · TALENT

An industry ecosystem,
measured in context.

AR, VR and Spatial Computing illustration
Companies tracked 682AR, VR and Spatial Computing ecosystem in India Disclosed funding $581.53M117 companies · all recorded rounds Companies hiring 78With open roles at the snapshot Tracked open roles 15213 employers posted in the preceding 30 days
MEET THE COMPANIES

Explore India’s ar, vr and spatial computing leaders

24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.

Expand panel +
Explore the full landscape
AR, VR and Spatial Computing company highlights in India, snapshot 1 September 2026
Company
Inkersinkers.ai$152.53M—20—
Intanglesintangles.ai$53.19M—365$7.51MFYFY2025 filing
Ethereal Machinesetherealmachines.com$52.03M—93$1.2MFYFY2025 filing
PlayShifuplayshifu.com$46.61M—139Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Genesys International Corporationigenesys.com$32.04M—1$29.77MFYFY2025 filing
Practicallypractically.com$20.53M—50—
3rdFlix3rdflix.com$15.73M—56—
AjnaLensajnalens.com$13.76M—79$1.34MFYFY2025 filing
ThreyeIncthreye.com—7 roles36$513.56KFYFY2025 filing
Bert Labsbertlabs.com—6 roles32—
Ctruhctruh.com—5 roles33—
Inak Animationinakanimation.com—5 roles——
Games2win Mediagames2winmedia.com—4 roles121—
International Virtual Assistanceivasystems.in—4 roles——
SimulationHubsimulationhub.com—4 roles296$2.32MFYFY2025 filing
Sparrow Interactivesparrowi.com—4 roles——
Crion Technologiescriontech.com——18—
DesignXdesignx.in——32—
Fore Excelforeexcel.com———Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Intel RealSenseintel.in——55,298Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Macpower CNC Machinesmacpowercnc.com——375Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Mockeymockey.ai————
Scanpoint Geomaticssgligis.com——261—
Tecknotrove Systemstecknotrove.com——110$6.94MFYFY2025 filing
24 featured companies

Locked revenue figures are available in Radar; the eight company financial previews stay the same throughout this page. A dash means the figure is outside these featured lists. Revenue years vary by company; the figures are not a like-for-like revenue comparison. Compare annual accounts ↗

Startup discovery

Recorded classifications only
THE KEY SIGNALS

AR, VR and Spatial Computing industry KPIs in India

A few useful ratios bring the size of this ecosystem into perspective.

1 September 2026
Hiring participation11.4%

78 of 682 tracked companies have open roles.

Funding participation19.1%

130 of 682 tracked companies have a recorded round.

Top 3 funding share44.3%

Share of disclosed capital received by the three largest recorded recipients.

Median disclosed round$343.8K

Midpoint of 281 rounds with a disclosed amount.

Scale is concentrated. Opportunity is broader. The three largest funding recipients hold 44.3% of disclosed capital, while 80.9% of tracked companies have no recorded funding round.

Explore the segments →
CAPITAL & COMPANY FORMATION

How India ar, vr and spatial computing has grown

Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.

Expand panel +
2016 — 2025

Disclosed funding by year

Sum of recorded funding rounds · USD

India ar, vr and spatial computing
$0$47.95M$95.9M$143.85M$191.8M2016: $7.25M20162017: $19.34M20172018: $28.26M20182019: $168.24M20192020: $20.14M20202021: $59.15M20212022: $81.48M20222023: $49.63M20232024: $37.7M20242025: $52.28M2025
View the numbers
Annual ar, vr and spatial computing funding and company formation in India
YearFunding (USD)FoundedRaising
2016$7.25M5411
2017$19.34M6320
2018$28.26M5528
2019$168.24M4925
2020$20.14M5824
2021$59.15M7927
2022$81.48M5636
2023$49.63M5127
2024$37.7M4222
2025$52.28M2610
WHERE CAPITAL SITS

Funding concentration

Share of all disclosed company funding.

  • Inkers26.2%
  • Intangles9.1%
  • Ethereal Machines8.9%
  • Other companies55.7%

Funding by stage

332 recorded rounds since 2016

NUMBER OF ROUNDS
Seed & Angel237 71.4%
Series A–B54 16.3%
Series C+ / PE0 0.0%
Grants, debt & other41 12.3%

Recent recorded rounds

Latest recorded rounds · USD
4 rounds

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Seed04/2026
Ctruh $2.5M

Backed by Inflection Point Ventures and Avinya Ventures and others.

Angel03/2026
Ctruh $108.6K

Backed by Anupam Mittal and Vineeta Tejpal Singh.

Largest and notable recorded rounds

Each card is one recorded round
10 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

THE BUSINESS BEHIND THE ACTIVITY

Revenue, profitability & financial strength

Annual accounts for reporting companies linked to this landscape, on like-for-like currency and reporting bases.

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₹ crore · standalone

Display conversions use the dated reference rates above. Where a verified rate is unavailable, figures retain their source currency. Each reporting cohort keeps its currency and accounting basis separate.

FY2025 · annual statements grouped by reported fiscal year; exact entity periods remain on preview rows · 199 reporting entities from 265 eligible matches.

Revenue in covered accounts₹15,001.5 crore

Sum of reporting-entity revenue; not India market sales.

Net profit / loss₹-116.2 crore

Combined result for the same cohort.

Aggregate net margin-0.8%

Combined net income ÷ combined revenue.

Median company revenue₹0.7 crore

The middle covered reporting entity.

Profitable entities+40.2%

80 of 199 covered entities.

Top-five concentration+92.8%

Share of covered revenue from the five largest entities.

Annual account trend

Reported cohort totals by year; coverage is stated for every period.

Bar height shows revenue. Changes in coverage can affect totals.

Profitability has two perspectives

FY2025 · 199 reporting entities

Open the company accounts

Up to eight fixed company previews show financial amounts. Search and sort the wider company list, then continue in Radar.

199 reporting entities
Continue your financial research in Radar

Explore full company accounts and filings.

View financials in Radar ↗
INDIA · INDUSTRY COHORTS

How does ar, vr and spatial computing compare?

Each pair uses the same year, currency and reporting basis. Cohort overlap is disclosed.

IndustryCovered / eligibleRevenue totalMedian revenueNet profit / lossAggregate marginProfitable shareOverlap

Available-account cohorts are not estimates of whole industries. Overlapping entities can occur in more than one cohort; do not add cohort totals.

Coverage, calculations & financial sources

Filed annual accounts for exact designated national identifiers. Every aggregate and peer pair uses one fiscal year, source currency and reporting basis; periods, coverage and overlap are explicit; 2026 partials are excluded.

The same up to eight reporting entities remain open across years, filters and sorts. Other company figures are available in Radar.

Source currencies and accounting bases stay separate. Missing accounts are excluded rather than treated as zero. Exact reporting periods appear on company previews. Annual totals can change with coverage and do not measure growth of a fixed company cohort.

DIGITAL FOOTPRINT

Web traffic, app reach and release cadence

How the India companies on this page show up online: the sites people visit, the apps they install, and how often those apps ship.

Most-installed apps

82 of these companies (12%) publish at least one Android app — 242 apps in all, carrying 97.8M installs between them.

AppInstallsRatingStore category
Extreme Balancer 3Enteriosoft70M4.2Adventure
Cadbury PlayPad: Learn PlayCadbury PlayPad12.1M4.2Educational
Extreme Balancer 2Enteriosoft4.7M4.1Adventure
Peppa Pig by PlayShifuPlayShifu2.7M3.2Music & Audio
Fighter Pilot: HeavyFireThreyeInc2M4Action
Extreme Balancer - 3D BallEnteriosoft1M3.8Adventure
xOne: 3D Scanner & 3D EditorXOne739.7K3.5Photography
VR Zombie killer RollercoasterIrusu665.1K3.2Adventure
Orboot Earth AR by PlayShifuPlayShifu492K4Educational
Irusu VR: Apps & Games HubIrusu477.5K3.8Entertainment

Installs are lifetime totals to date at the June 2026 store reading — a measure of reach, not of people using an app today.

App reach by segment

The busiest app inside each of this page’s own segments, with the quarterly release trend behind it (2023Q4–2026Q2).

SegmentAppsInstallsLeading appRelease trend
Augmented Reality15194.5MExtreme Balancer 3 70M
Mobile Gaming977.9MExtreme Balancer 2 4.7M
K-12 Edtech3516.3MCadbury PlayPad: Learn Play 12.1M
Pre-K Edtech93.7MPeppa Pig by PlayShifu 2.7M
Virtual Reality572.1MVR Zombie killer Rollercoaster 665.1K
Military Tech22MFighter Pilot: HeavyFire 2M
3D Scanning3742.4KxOne: 3D Scanner & 3D Editor 739.7K
Gesture Recognition10401.7KDurlabh Darshan 302K

A company can carry several segment tags, so these rows overlap and should not be added together. Trend lines are zero-based and share one quarter grid, so a flat line is a quiet segment, not a missing one.

Release cadence by quarter

New apps published, beside apps whose most recent update landed in that quarter — the second bar is how much of the shelf is still being maintained.

2023Q2: 62023Q2: 82023Q22023Q3: 92023Q3: 42023Q32023Q4: 102023Q4: 52023Q42024Q1: 142024Q1: 62024Q12024Q2: 52024Q2: 72024Q22024Q3: 122024Q3: 62024Q32024Q4: 72024Q4: 102024Q42025Q1: 52025Q1: 02025Q12025Q2: 72025Q2: 72025Q22025Q3: 42025Q3: 232025Q32025Q4: 102025Q4: 372025Q42026Q1: 52026Q1: 382026Q1

Darker bars are new releases, lighter bars apps updated. 205 of 242 apps carry a release date. The series ends at 2026Q1, the last quarter that closed before the June 2026 reading.

INSIDE THE INDUSTRY

The India ar, vr and spatial computing market map

Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.

Expand panel +

Where companies are building

Rank segments by scale, hiring or disclosed funding.

Enterprise tech530
Deep tech467
Consumer digital291
Enterprise software240
Saas172
Iot102
Industry 4.084
Edtech76
Gaming tech73
Retail tech72
Activity based learning60
Commerce enablers46

Companies can sit in several segments. Counts and funding overlap.

SEGMENT TO EXPLORE

Enterprise tech

The largest measured segment in this report snapshot.

530companies
12.1%have hiring activity

64 companies hiring · $537.98M disclosed funding

Explore in Radar

How companies make money

Common revenue models; a company can use more than one.

Subscription469
Fee-for-service130
E-commerce - product83
E-commerce - service67
Advertising64
Commission on transaction50
Physical commerce50
Licensing9
THE COMPANIES IN MOTION

Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work

Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.

Expand panel +
Recent corporate headlines 10 dated reports
Funding roundsctruh.com ↗

Ctruh, the deep-tech company building the infrastructure layer for the spatial internet, has raised $2.5 Million in a Seed funding round led by Inflection Point Ventures. The round also saw participation from Avinya Ventures, India Accelerator, Founder's Avenue, Anthill Ventures, and LVX, alongside angel investors Vivek Sinha (Founder & CEO, Emversity; Ex-COO, Unacademy) and Shivakumar Ganesan (Founder & CEO, Exotel).

Funding roundsalgo8.ai ↗

Chemelex has announced a minority investment in Algo8 to accelerate the adoption of artificial intelligence in manufacturing processes.

Mergers & acquisitionsexactspace.co ↗

Thermax acquired ExactSpace, a specialist in AI-driven industrial IoT solutions.

Funding roundsintangles.ai ↗

Pune-based deep tech company Intangles has secured a fresh USD 30 million in its Series B funding round, led by Avataar Venture Partners with follow-on support from Baring India Private Equity and Cactus Partners.

Funding roundscriontech.com ↗

Crion Technologies has raised INR 3.5 crore in a funding round led by SIG Tattva.

Funding roundsdesignx.in ↗

DesignX, an end-to-end digital transformation platform for factory operations, has secured USD 2 million in a Pre-Series funding round with participation from Rockstud Capital, We Founder Circle, Piper Serica and some of the Company’s clients.

IPO activitymacpowercnc.com ↗

Initial public offer consisting of fresh issue of upto 26,15,000 equity shares of face value of Rs. 10/- each fully paid for cash at a price of Rs. 140 per equity share (the issue price) (including a share premium of Rs. 130 per equity share) aggregating up to Rs. 36.61 crores (the issue), of which upto 1,53,000 equity shares of face value of Rs. 10/- each for cash at a price of Rs. 140/- per equity share, aggregating Rs. 2.14 crores will be reserved for subscription by the market maker to the issue (the market maker reservation portion).

Funding roundsinkers.ai ↗

Inkers Technology, an AI-led construction management solutions provider, has raised $3 million (Rs 25 crore) in a funding round led by public equities investor Ashish Kacholia.

Funding roundslivnsense.com ↗

Since the onset of 2024, Impact Labs has already closed over 20 funding deals, investing a cumulative $2.5 Mn capital through Impact Labs towards impact-first startups like Optimizers (Optical care), Giverly (Payments for Good), LivNSense (Green Value Chain), Dharaksha (Alternative Packaging) and Credit Siddhi (Financial Inclusion).

Funding roundswundrsight.com ↗

Wundrsight, a digital therapeutics startup focused on revolutionizing mental healthcare through Virtual Reality (VR) technology, has raised $400,000 in a seed funding round led by Inflection Point Ventures (IPV). Social Alpha, along with other angel investors, also participated in the round.

Full recorded event mix

Top 9 categories among 50 recorded events in the 24-month window.

Funding rounds
24
Earnings
7
Leadership moves
4
Contracts
4
Capital infusions
3
Mergers & acquisitions
3
Company announcements
2
New products
2
IPO activity
1
4 activity cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Leadership moves

3 tracked people moves

HoloWorld ↗
Shwetha Panyam

Death Previously cofounder

HoloWorld ↗
Harshavardhana Kikkeri

Death Previously cofounder

Algo8 ↗
Prof. Ashutosh Sharma

Appointment Global Advisory Board Member

Mergers and acquisitions

Company-linked deal reports; status is preserved as recorded.

Acquirer → targetStatusDateValue / context
fractal→Eugenie.ai ↗Announced2026-06-26Not stated in snapshot
thermax→ExactSpace ↗2026-04-16Not stated in snapshot
Niyogin Fintech→Orbo ↗Announced2024-05-15Not stated in snapshot
Orbo→gemiaAnnounced2024-05-15Not stated in snapshot
qyou media→Maxamtech Digital Ventures ↗Completed2023-01-14Not stated in snapshot
flipkart→Scapic ↗2022-07-20Not stated in snapshot

A discussion or rumour is not a completed transaction. An unstated value is not zero.

PEOPLE & OPPORTUNITY

The talent market

215 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 267-posting snapshot covers 72 employers.

Expand panel +

Most advertised job titles

Frontend Developer3
Partnerships Lead3
Unity Developer3
Marketing Executive2
User Experience Designer2
Interior Design Intern2
3 internship postings

5 tracked postings mention remote work.

The seniority mix

144 postings specify a level.

unspecified
123
manager
43
senior
40
lead
31
intern
24
entry
6

Skills employers mention

Top skills across 267 tracked postings in the available jobs snapshot.

Javascript
39
Python
32
Typescript
28
Git
22
Restful Apis
17
Angular
17
React.Js
16
Mongodb
16
Business Development
14
Machine Learning
14
ADVERTISED PAY$9.0K/ year

Median across 43 postings with pay data, expressed in USD.

THE PEOPLE BUILDING THE FIELD

Founders and leaders

600 founders and chief executives across 406 companies.

Expand panel +
12 profiles

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Education networks

71 profiles with education records.

IIT Delhi
8
IIT Bombay
8
BITS Pilani
8
IIT Kanpur
8
IIT Kharagpur
7
IIT Madras
6
IIT Roorkee
4
Anna University
4

Prior employers

18 profiles with prior-work records.

Microsoft
6
Cisco
4
Google
3
Intel
3
Amazon
2
Paypal
1
Morgan Stanley
1
Goldman Sachs
1

Profiles cover recorded founders and leaders; contact details remain in Radar.

NEWS INTELLIGENCE

How this industry appears in the news

1,401,128 articles in the measured 12-month window.

Expand panel +
1,401,128articles in the measured year
365,705articles in 2026Q1
60.7%positive tone in the latest complete year

News volume trends

AR, VR and Spatial Computing coverage across India · articles per complete quarter

0127,080254,160381,241508,3212021Q2: 200,5312021Q22021Q3: 212,0402021Q4: 183,7412022Q1: 216,9912022Q2: 230,0412022Q22022Q3: 262,8882022Q4: 270,4362023Q1: 306,3612023Q2: 274,0862023Q22023Q3: 297,5462023Q4: 267,7462024Q1: 290,4532024Q2: 294,2092024Q22024Q3: 322,0792024Q4: 335,6102025Q1: 384,3022025Q2: 326,5832025Q22025Q3: 442,0182025Q4: 274,5052026Q1: 365,7052026Q1
View quarterly article counts
QuarterArticles
2021Q2200,531
2021Q3212,040
2021Q4183,741
2022Q1216,991
2022Q2230,041
2022Q3262,888
2022Q4270,436
2023Q1306,361
2023Q2274,086
2023Q3297,546
2023Q4267,746
2024Q1290,453
2024Q2294,209
2024Q3322,079
2024Q4335,610
2025Q1384,302
2025Q2326,583
2025Q3442,018
2025Q4274,505
2026Q1365,705

Article volume measures coverage, not market sales.

Tone of coverage over time

2021
385,232 positive · 44,610 neutral · 205,779 negative
2022
613,653 positive · 70,613 neutral · 294,597 negative
2023
751,455 positive · 82,470 neutral · 310,299 negative
2024
810,412 positive · 120,751 neutral · 309,459 negative
2025
865,461 positive · 175,739 neutral · 384,019 negative

Leading coverage topics

AR, VR and Spatial Computing coverage across India · ranked by full-period article count.

Geopolitical Disputes And Contested Areas300,103 articles in the full recorded period
108,119 recent · 81,398 prior
International And Transnational Geographic Entities300,083 articles in the full recorded period
108,111 recent · 81,397 prior
Administrative And Political Subdivisions300,027 articles in the full recorded period
108,088 recent · 81,386 prior
International Sports Competitions110,634 articles in the full recorded period
27,005 recent · 26,688 prior
International Political Relations73,119 articles in the full recorded period
22,904 recent · 15,328 prior
New Product Launches And Innovations58,472 articles in the full recorded period
17,647 recent · 13,601 prior
Cricket Test Matches54,689 articles in the full recorded period
13,479 recent · 11,876 prior
Political Party Dynamics53,358 articles in the full recorded period
11,428 recent · 11,060 prior
Strategic Partnerships And Collaborations50,485 articles in the full recorded period
15,594 recent · 11,464 prior
Trade Policies And Agreements46,794 articles in the full recorded period
22,780 recent · 11,678 prior

Recent and prior counts use the source comparison windows.

Topics gaining and losing attention

AR, VR and Spatial Computing coverage across India

KeywordRecentPriorChange
tariff negotiations11,6245,679105%
bilateral trade4,6102,43789%
trade dispute mechanisms4,5162,203105%
trade barrier reduction4,4962,44084%
trade facilitation commitments4,3272,20197%
countries4,1931,860125%
free trade deals4,0782,42968%
multilateral diplomacy3,9172,72344%
diplomatic strategies3,8152,35062%
bilateral trade imbalance3,2812,04461%
odi cricket6,0419,663-37%
limited overs cricket5,7799,312-38%
odi tactics5,6338,749-36%
odi series5,2618,327-37%
odi rankings5,0128,070-38%

Event and signal lenses

AR, VR and Spatial Computing coverage across India

All complete annual cohorts shown
Rising

Regulatory Risk

1,802,568 classified articles

territories, disputed islands, test cricket

43.4% critical · 27.5% positive
Rising

Funding Momentum

236,273 classified articles

pre-ipo valuation, ipo prospectus, ipo pricing

48.9% critical · 46.9% positive
Rising

Growth

515,702 classified articles

gdp growth rate, economic output growth, economic growth statistics

46.9% critical · 50.8% positive

AR, VR and Spatial Computing coverage across India. Topic labels describe recorded classifications and can include broad context.

RESEARCH SIGNALS

What AR, VR and Spatial Computing research is working on

2,439 papers in the recorded india scope.

Expand panel +
2,439papers
53,448worldwide comparison pool
2,439India-affiliated papers

Research orientation

Promising
1,130
Breakthrough
567
Descriptive
313
Problem-identifying
253
Cautionary
87
Comparative
77
Critical
12

Contribution mix

Methods-led
916
Empirical
706
Reviews
615
Position pieces
185
Theoretical
17

Tone counts: 2,368 positive · 20 neutral · 51 negative.

Common problems researchers identify
265 papers · 10.9% of this field
  • Metaverse131 papers
  • Virtual reality95 papers
  • Human–computer interaction63 papers
  • Augmented reality36 papers
  • Health care17 papers
  • Social worlds15 papers
  • Tourism11 papers
  • Marketing10 papers

Landmark: Digital Twins: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Challenges, Trends and Future Prospects

Cautions
87 papers · 3.6% of this field
  • Virtual reality38 papers
  • Metaverse21 papers
  • Augmented reality19 papers
  • Human–computer interaction17 papers
  • Health care5 papers
  • Usability4 papers
  • Productivity4 papers
  • Training4 papers

Landmark: Factors influencing acceptance of augmented reality in retail: insights from thematic analysis

Opportunities
1,697 papers · 69.6% of this field
  • Virtual reality738 papers
  • Augmented reality537 papers
  • Human–computer interaction402 papers
  • Metaverse285 papers
  • Visualization105 papers
  • Transformative learning68 papers
  • Training63 papers
  • Computer graphics63 papers

Landmark: Healthcare in Metaverse: A Survey on Current Metaverse Applications in Healthcare

Leading institutions

Chitkara University
1,083
Vellore Institute of Technology University
851
Indian Institute of Information Technology Sri City
848
Mudra Institute of Communications Ahmedabad
748
Nirma University
587
Ambedkar University Delhi
578

Leading researchers

Stefan Mihai
845
Mahnoor Yaqoob
845
Đặng Việt Hưng
845
William Davis
845
Praveer Towakel
845
Amandeep Dhir
840
Yogesh K. Dwivedi
781
Archana Mantri
757

Highly cited breakthrough-labelled papers

  • Healthcare in Metaverse: A Survey on Current Metaverse Applications in Healthcare313 citations
  • Development of a Hand-Assist Robot With Multi-Degrees-of-Freedom for Rehabilitation Therapy257 citations
  • Virtual Reality in Neurosurgery: Beyond Neurosurgical Planning185 citations
  • Brands are calling your <scp>AVATAR</scp> in Metaverse–A study to explore <scp>XR</scp>‐based gamification marketing activities & consumer‐based b170 citations
  • Design of a Virtual Reality Based Adaptive Response Technology for Children With Autism155 citations

Common problems researchers identify

248 papers · 5 recurring themes
5 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Metaverse security and interaction issuesCommon problems researchers identify · 01

Metaverse security and interaction issues

65 papers

26.2% of this theme group

Researchers highlight security risks and interaction challenges arising from immersive metaverse environments.

Metaverse (64) · Human–computer interaction (45) · Virtual reality (30) · Computer security (8)

Human-Machine Interaction in the Metaverse

Technology Landscape Analysis: Metaverse

View research history
YearShare index
2022214.2
2023239.5
2024190.7
202586.9
Social and ethical concerns in the metaverseCommon problems researchers identify · 02

Social and ethical concerns in the metaverse

65 papers

26.2% of this theme group

Papers discuss how social dynamics, knowledge management, and ethics complicate metaverse adoption.

Metaverse (64) · Social worlds (14) · Possible world (9) · Knowledge management (12)

Metaverse technologies and human behavior: Insights into engagement, adoption, and ethical challenges

Sustainability in the Metaverse: Challenges, Implications, and Potential Solutions

View research history
YearShare index
202251.3
202379.3
202476.1
202544.1
Barriers to digital transformation with wearablesCommon problems researchers identify · 03

Barriers to digital transformation with wearables

45 papers

18.1% of this theme group

Studies point to technical and pedagogical obstacles when integrating wearables and VR into transformation initiatives.

Digital transformation (6) · Emerging technologies (7) · Wearable computer (4) · Virtual reality (13)

Immersive Learning Environments in Education: Application, Effect and Challenges

AI-Driven Digital Narratives: Revolutionizing Storytelling in Contemporary English Literature through Virtual Reality

View research history
YearShare index
202276.6
202386.6
202485.6
2025119.5
Challenges of AR/VR adoption in marketing and educationCommon problems researchers identify · 04

Challenges of AR/VR adoption in marketing and education

40 papers

16.1% of this theme group

Authors note practical and methodological difficulties in applying mixed reality to marketing and learning contexts.

Augmented reality (27) · Mixed reality (8) · Virtual reality (24) · Computer-mediated reality (4)

Virtual Reality in Marketing: Framework, Consumer Engagement and Future Directions

Application of Virtual Reality And Augmented Reality for Developing Educational Model

View research history
YearShare index
2022229.3
2023239.9
2024303.1
2025246.0
Health‑care usability and multimedia limitsCommon problems researchers identify · 05

Health‑care usability and multimedia limits

33 papers

13.3% of this theme group

Research flags usability constraints and multimedia integration problems for VR/AR health applications.

Virtual reality (29) · Human–computer interaction (18) · Multimedia (3) · Health care (4)

Applications of Virtual and Augmented Reality for Health and Well-Being

Virtual Reality for Environmental Engineering and Sustainability

View research history
YearShare index
2022543.1
2023538.7
2024483.6
2025344.0

Cautions

81 papers · 4 recurring themes
4 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Cautious use of VR for trainingCautions · 01

Cautious use of VR for training

27 papers

33.3% of this theme group

Scholars advise careful design of VR/AR training to avoid cognitive overload and ineffective outcomes.

Virtual reality (23) · Human–computer interaction (13) · Training (3) · Multimedia (3)

The Role of Virtual and Augmented Reality in Enhancing Educational Experiences

Virtual and Augmented Reality for Immersive Learning Experiences

View research history
YearShare index
2022267.6
2023259.2
2024214.0
202588.2
Health‑care implications of metaverse adoptionCautions · 02

Health‑care implications of metaverse adoption

22 papers

27.2% of this theme group

Papers urge scrutiny of safety, privacy, and efficacy when deploying metaverse solutions in health settings.

Metaverse (19) · Health care (3) · Social worlds (2) · Possible world (2)

Applications and Case Studies in Metaverse Healthcare

Revolutionize Healthcare using Metaverse Virtual Worlds and Augmented Reality

View research history
YearShare index
2022348.9
2023378.8
2024365.2
2025318.4
Risks in neuro‑rehabilitation technologiesCautions · 03

Risks in neuro‑rehabilitation technologies

18 papers

22.2% of this theme group

Authors caution about limited evidence and potential misuse of VR in neurological rehabilitation.

Emerging technologies (3) · Service (2) · Rehabilitation (2) · Neurorehabilitation (2)

The use and effect of virtual reality as a non-pharmacological intervention for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: a system

Digital and Intelligent Rehabilitation Technologies in Stroke and Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence, Vi

View research history
YearShare index
2022722.1
2023685.0
2024768.0
2025716.7
Personalisation and privacy in AR retailCautions · 04

Personalisation and privacy in AR retail

14 papers

17.3% of this theme group

Research warns that personalization in AR/VR retail may raise privacy and data‑security concerns.

Augmented reality (9) · Visitor pattern (2) · Real estate (2) · Personalization (2)

Exploring the Frontiers: A Comprehensive Review of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Manufacturing and Industry

Understanding the Role of Personalisation in Augmented Reality Applications for Enhancing User Experience

View research history
YearShare index
2022253.2
2023264.7
2024319.0
2025282.9

Opportunities

1,592 papers · 7 recurring themes
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Tourism enhancement through mixed realityOpportunities · 01

Tourism enhancement through mixed reality

355 papers

22.3% of this theme group

Studies explore how AR and VR can enrich travel experiences and attract visitors.

Augmented reality (345) · Human–computer interaction (144) · Virtual reality (117) · Mixed reality (33)

Examining the potential of virtual and augmented reality in enhancing tourism experiences

Improving Travel Experiences With Augmented Reality

View research history
YearShare index
2022229.2
2023239.8
2024302.9
2025245.9
Opportunities · 02

VR for sports training and performance

281 papers

17.7% of this theme group

Papers demonstrate the potential of immersive interfaces to improve athletic coaching and skill development.

Virtual reality (249) · Human–computer interaction (110) · Computer graphics (33) · Gesture (22)

Development of Virtual Reality Platform through Human Computer Interaction using Artificial Intelligence

Immersive Virtual Reality in Sports: Enhancing Athletic Training and Performance

View research history
YearShare index
202237.9
202338.1
202430.6
202530.7
Opportunities · 03

Wearable gesture interfaces for interaction

277 papers

17.4% of this theme group

Research highlights advances in glove‑based and eye‑tracking devices enabling natural user interaction.

Wired glove (12) · Wearable computer (18) · Gesture (18) · Animation (10)

Advancements in AI-Powered Virtual Keyboards and Mice: A Survey of Cutting-Edge Technologies for Modern Computing

Developing a Vision by Combining Eye Detection and Hand Gesture Technologies using Artificial Intelligence Mechanisms

View research history
YearShare index
202275.6
202379.0
202464.4
202574.9
Opportunities · 04

AR/VR driven educational experiences

190 papers

11.9% of this theme group

Authors present evidence that immersive media can boost engagement and learning outcomes in classrooms.

Augmented reality (110) · Virtual reality (118) · Multimedia (35) · Human–computer interaction (63)

Virtual and Augmented Reality in Education

Enhancing Learning Experiences Through Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Classrooms

View research history
YearShare index
2022414.0
2023413.4
2024432.9
2025281.7
Opportunities · 05

VR‑based rehabilitation for stroke recovery

189 papers

11.9% of this theme group

Studies show virtual environments can support motor relearning and therapy for stroke patients.

Rehabilitation (49) · Virtual reality (150) · Physical medicine and rehabilitation (28) · Stroke (18)

A Review of Virtual Reality-Based Technology for Treatment Upper Limb Rehabilitation

Virtual Reality Systems for Medical Therapy And Rehabilitation

View research history
YearShare index
2022859.6
2023819.4
2024927.8
2025788.3
Opportunities · 06

Metaverse platforms for education and leadership

163 papers

10.2% of this theme group

Research identifies virtual worlds as venues for innovative teaching methods and team development.

Metaverse (149) · Structural equation modeling (15) · Blockchain (15) · Authentication (10)

Embracing the Metaverse: Revolutionizing Education for the Future

Leading in the metaverse: virtual innovation for leadership and team development

View research history
YearShare index
2022166.5
2023194.7
2024154.6
2025148.9
Opportunities · 07

Metaverse security and interaction research

137 papers

8.6% of this theme group

Papers explore securing metaverse ecosystems while improving human‑computer interaction within immersive spaces.

Metaverse (134) · Human–computer interaction (111) · Virtual reality (80) · Computer security (11)

Exploring the Potential of Metaverse for Higher Education: Opportunities, Challenges, and Implications

Metaverse for Education: Developments, Challenges, and Future Direction

View research history
YearShare index
2022214.2
2023239.5
2024190.7
202586.9

How this field compares with the research baseline

Orientation shares compared with 25,000 papers in the reference sample.

Research orientationThis fieldReference sample
Promising46.3%37.5%
Breakthrough23.2%26.1%
Descriptive12.8%17.4%
Problem-identifying10.4%9.6%
Cautionary3.6%4.7%
Comparative3.2%3.9%
Critical0.5%0.9%

Concerns receiving less research attention

Counts and shares refer to the stated research pool. A low count describes how much of that research is recorded here, not the absence of a real-world concern.

Concern / example paperPapersShareRaised as a problemWorldwide share
Privacy & surveillanceIn Focus, Out of Privacy: The Wearer's Perspective on the Privacy Dilemma of Camera Glasses411.8%17 (41.5%)1.12%
Safety & misuseHallucination to Harmony40.18%3 (75.0%)0.1%
Energy & datacenter footprintCase Studies on Green Policies and Augmented Reality in InsurTech: Catalysts for Sustainability and Innovation20.09%0 (0.0%)0.03%
Labour & data workInnovative Business Models in Digital and Virtual Reality for the Gig Economy20.09%0 (0.0%)0.03%
Concentration of compute powerLeveraging Influencer Marketing in the Enterprise Metaverse: Redefining Connections and Driving Engagement10.04%1 (100.0%)0.01%
Water use00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Carbon & emissions of compute00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Hardware, e-waste & supply chain00.0%0 (%)0.01%
Bias & fairness00.0%0 (%)0.05%

Research orientation and citation rankings describe the covered collection. Its recorded publication dates do not support an overall publication-volume trend.

Institution and researcher rankings use citations to their covered work. Research scope: India. This may be broader than the company geography.

GEOGRAPHIC FOOTPRINT

Where companies are based

Company counts, hiring and disclosed funding across the recorded hubs.

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8 cards

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UNDERSTAND THE LANDSCAPE

AR, VR and Spatial Computing in India: key questions

Clear definitions for making better comparisons.

What does this landscape measure?

It measures the tracked company ecosystem, recorded funding, hiring and other available evidence. It is not a market-size estimate.

Can segment counts be added together?

No. A company can belong to several segments, so segment counts and funding can overlap.

What does a missing figure mean?

A dash or unavailable panel means the current reviewed source snapshot does not support that figure.

KEEP EXPLORING

Put India in context

All landscapes ↗

Company ecosystem snapshot: 1 September 2026. Funding is recorded in USD; filed accounts retain their stated currency and reporting basis. Each section identifies its own coverage. The news and research behind these sections is explorable in Prism.

Canonical landscape ↗
Coming soon