Industry landscapes
Industry report

Funding and advertised pay are reported in USD; filed accounts retain their stated source currency and basis.

Exchange-rate basis

Indicative conversions use ECB reference rates dated 2026-09-14, applied consistently across all periods. They are not historical exchange rates. Indian rupees may use crore (1 crore = 10 million); other currencies use K, M and B. CSV downloads, source documents and quoted news headlines retain their original currencies.

THE FRANCE EDITION 2026

France’s
blockchain technology industry,
in focus.

The companies, capital and talent shaping blockchain technology in France. Find the leaders. Understand the segments. See where the activity is.

Snapshot: Funding in USD
Illustrated cover for Blockchain Technology Industry Landscape of France
FR
COMPANIES · CAPITAL · TALENT

An industry ecosystem,
measured in context.

Blockchain Technology illustration
MEET THE COMPANIES

Explore France’s blockchain technology leaders

24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.

Expand panel +
Blockchain Technology company highlights in France, snapshot 2 September 2026
Company
Soraresorare.com$738.84M160
Ledgerledger.com$575.41M2
Flowdeskflowdesk.co$232.2M60
Zamazama.org$130M$0FYFY2022 filing
The Blockchain Grouptheblockchain-group.com$85.43M252
GateChaingatechain.io$83M
Kaikokaiko.com$82.52M58
Morphomorpho.org$73.56M24
papernestpapernest.com5 roles555
EXA Labsexa.market3 roles8
Deblockdeblock.com2 roles29
Kilnkiln.fi2 roles45$0FYFY2023 filing
BlockPulseblockpulse.eu1 roles20
Blockrate Consultingblockrateconsulting.com1 roles
Chainlabschainlabs.ai1 roles
Crypto Assets Managementcrypto-assets-management.com1 roles
ASIC Miner Valueasicminervalue.com
Aggr Tradeaggr.trade
Bitstackbitstack-app.com10
Blockchain Partnerblockchainpartner.fr20
Bustabitbustabit.com
Dfnsdfns.co32
Electrumelectrum.orgFinancial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Kriptownkriptown.com26
24 featured companies

Locked revenue figures are available in Radar; the eight company financial previews stay the same throughout this page. A dash means the figure is outside these featured lists. Revenue years vary by company; the figures are not a like-for-like revenue comparison. Compare annual accounts ↗

Company discovery

Recorded evidence only
THE KEY SIGNALS

Blockchain Technology industry KPIs in France

A few useful ratios bring the size of this ecosystem into perspective.

2 September 2026
Hiring participation2.0%

10 of 510 tracked companies have open roles.

Funding participation21.2%

108 of 510 tracked companies have a recorded round.

Top 3 funding share56.9%

Share of disclosed capital received by the three largest recorded recipients.

Median disclosed round$4.28M

Midpoint of 154 rounds with a disclosed amount.

Scale is concentrated. Opportunity is broader. The three largest funding recipients hold 56.9% of disclosed capital, while 78.8% of tracked companies have no recorded funding round.

Explore the segments →
CAPITAL & COMPANY FORMATION

How France blockchain technology has grown

Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.

Expand panel +
2016 — 2025

Disclosed funding by year

Sum of recorded funding rounds · USD

France blockchain technology
$0$347.67M$695.33M$1.04B$1.39B2016: $1.61M20162017: $27.65M20172018: $106.53M20182019: $102.78M20192020: $30.16M20202021: $1.22B20212022: $367.66M20222023: $196.38M20232024: $276.21M20242025: $373.53M2025
View the numbers
Annual blockchain technology funding and company formation in France
YearFunding (USD)FoundedRaising
2016$1.61M102
2017$27.65M503
2018$106.53M615
2019$102.78M306
2020$30.16M387
2021$1.22B12329
2022$367.66M9233
2023$196.38M2719
2024$276.21M1516
2025$373.53M810
WHERE CAPITAL SITS

Funding concentration

Share of all disclosed company funding.

  • Sorare27.2%
  • Ledger21.2%
  • Flowdesk8.5%
  • Other companies43.1%

Funding by stage

176 recorded rounds since 2016

NUMBER OF ROUNDS
Seed & Angel84 47.7%
Series A–B48 27.3%
Series C+ / PE4 2.3%
Grants, debt & other40 22.7%

Recent recorded rounds

Latest recorded rounds · USD
2 rounds

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Seed04/2026
Kulipa $6.2M

Backed by Flourish and 1kx and others.

Largest and notable recorded rounds

Each card is one recorded round
10 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Series B09/2021
Soraresorare.com$680M

Backed by SoftBank Vision Fund and Bessemer Venture Partners and others.

Series A03/2024
Zamazama.org$73M

Backed by Multicoin Capital and Protocol Labs and others.

Series B06/2025
Zamazama.org$57M

Backed by Blockchange and Pantera Capital.

Series B06/2022
Kaikokaiko.com$53M

Backed by Eight Roads Ventures and Revaia and others.

THE BUSINESS BEHIND THE ACTIVITY

Revenue, profitability & financial strength

Annual accounts for reporting companies linked to this landscape, on like-for-like currency and reporting bases.

Expand panel +
EUR · millions · standalone

Display conversions use the dated reference rates above. Where a verified rate is unavailable, figures retain their source currency. Each reporting cohort keeps its currency and accounting basis separate.

FY2023 · company accounts; aggregate reporting threshold not met · 1 reporting entities from 3 eligible matches.

Revenue in covered accounts

Sum of reporting-entity revenue; not France market sales.

Net profit / loss

Combined result for the same cohort.

Aggregate net margin

Combined net income ÷ combined revenue.

Median company revenue

The middle covered reporting entity.

Profitable entities

None of 1 covered entities.

Top-five concentration

Share of covered revenue from the five largest entities.

Annual account trend

Reported cohort totals by year; coverage is stated for every period.

Bar height shows revenue. Changes in coverage can affect totals.

Profitability has two perspectives

FY2023 · 1 reporting entities

Open the company accounts

Up to eight fixed company previews show financial amounts. Search and sort the wider company list, then continue in Radar.

1 reporting entities
Continue your financial research in Radar

Explore full company accounts and filings.

View financials in Radar ↗
FRANCE · INDUSTRY COHORTS

How does blockchain technology compare?

Each pair uses the same year, currency and reporting basis. Cohort overlap is disclosed.

IndustryCovered / eligibleRevenue totalMedian revenueNet profit / lossAggregate marginProfitable shareOverlap

Available-account cohorts are not estimates of whole industries. Overlapping entities can occur in more than one cohort; do not add cohort totals.

Coverage, calculations & financial sources

Filed annual accounts for exact designated national identifiers. Every aggregate and peer pair uses one fiscal year, source currency and reporting basis; periods, coverage and overlap are explicit; 2026 partials are excluded.

The same up to eight reporting entities remain open across years, filters and sorts. Other company figures are available in Radar.

Source currencies and accounting bases stay separate. Missing accounts are excluded rather than treated as zero. Exact reporting periods appear on company previews. Annual totals can change with coverage and do not measure growth of a fixed company cohort.

DIGITAL FOOTPRINT

Web traffic, app reach and release cadence

How the France companies on this page show up online: the sites people visit, the apps they install, and how often those apps ship.

Busiest websites

9 of the 510 companies on this page carry a measured traffic record (1.8%); these are the largest of those, by monthly visits. The median among them is 278,244 visits.

CompanyMonthly visitsAuthorityMobile
Zealyzealy.io4,845,3813417.6%
Soraresorare.com3,544,6466043.3%
Ledgerledger.com1,182,9285847.5%
Aggr Tradeaggr.trade579,7232949.3%
papernestpapernest.com278,2444865%
Bitstackbitstack-app.com221,2124091.6%
Bustabitbustabit.com51,0613323%
Solanartsolanart.io2,210310%
Koinswapkoinswap.io11840%

Visits and authority are third-party web estimates, not company-reported figures.

Most-installed apps

26 of these companies (5.1%) publish at least one Android app — 31 apps in all, carrying 8.6M installs between them.

Installs are lifetime totals to date at the June 2026 store reading — a measure of reach, not of people using an app today.

App reach by segment

The busiest app inside each of this page’s own segments, with the quarterly release trend behind it (2023Q1–2026Q2).

SegmentAppsInstallsLeading appRelease trend
Non Fungible Tokens95.4MLedger Wallet™ crypto app 2.3M
Cryptocurrencies165.3MElectrum Bitcoin Wallet 1.4M
Blockchain Infrastructure103.6MSorare Fantasy Sports 906.4K
Pc & Console Gaming33MOcto Gaming 2M
Mobile Gaming22.1MCross The Ages: BLAST 77.5K
Investment Tech2907.9KTools for Upland Game 1.5K
Brands Tech484KYSLBeautyWallet 62.4K
Blockchain Services426.6KWaltio: Crypto Tax & Portfolio 15.6K

A company can carry several segment tags, so these rows overlap and should not be added together. Trend lines are zero-based and share one quarter grid, so a flat line is a quiet segment, not a missing one.

Release cadence by quarter

New apps published, beside apps whose most recent update landed in that quarter — the second bar is how much of the shelf is still being maintained.

2023Q1: 22023Q1: 02023Q12023Q4: 12023Q4: 22023Q42024Q2: 12024Q2: 02024Q22024Q4: 12024Q4: 22024Q42025Q1: 12025Q1: 02025Q12025Q4: 12025Q4: 52025Q42026Q1: 12026Q1: 22026Q1

Darker bars are new releases, lighter bars apps updated. 24 of 31 apps carry a release date. The series ends at 2026Q1, the last quarter that closed before the June 2026 reading.

INSIDE THE INDUSTRY

The France blockchain technology market map

Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.

Expand panel +

Where companies are building

Rank segments by scale, hiring or disclosed funding.

Fintech329
Blockchain in financial services305
Consumer digital287
Web 3.0256
Enterprise tech161
Decentralized finance159
Deep tech108
Marketplaces55
Enterprise software51
Passion economy42
Crypto trading platforms38
Blockchain application development platforms30

Companies can sit in several segments. Counts and funding overlap.

SEGMENT TO EXPLORE

Fintech

The largest measured segment in this report snapshot.

329companies
2.1%have hiring activity

7 companies hiring · $2.45B disclosed funding

Explore in Radar

How companies make money

Common revenue models; a company can use more than one.

Subscription361
Commission on transaction271
E-commerce - service140
Fee-for-service100
Advertising84
E-commerce - product44
Freemium20
Lending18
THE COMPANIES IN MOTION

Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work

Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.

Expand panel +
Recent corporate headlines 8 dated reports
IPO activityledger.com ↗

French hardware wallet company Ledger has hired Goldman Sachs, Jefferies, and Barclays to prepare for its US IPO.

Mergers & acquisitionselectrum.org ↗

Host Tylah Tully sits down with MinRex Resources (ASX:MRR) exploration manager and non-executive director Ian Shackleton after the company enters a new phase following its merger with Electrum.

Funding roundsbitstack-app.com ↗

Bitstack raises €15M to accelerate its European expansion and launches its first Visa debit card.

Funding roundsdeblock.com ↗

Today, we’re excited to announce our €30m Series A funding round.

Mergers & acquisitionskakarot.org ↗

Zama, a Paris, France-based cryptography company, has acquired KKRT Labs (Kakarot), a blockchain-focused startup. Financial terms of the acquisition were not disclosed.

Mergers & acquisitionskriptown.com ↗

CACEIS has taken a strategic minority stake in Kriptown, a French fintech leader in asset tokenisation, aligning with the imminent debut of Lise (Lightning Stock Exchange)—the first European tokenised trading venue devoted to small and mid-cap enterprises.

Funding roundsflowdesk.co ↗

Flowdesk, a digital asset trading and technology firm specialising in global liquidity provision, has secured a $100m credit facility from secured lending provider Two Prime Lending Limited.

Funding roundstheblockchain-group.com ↗

The Blockchain Group confirms the definitive completion of the €3 million convertible bond issuance announced on May 26, 2025, subscribed by UTXO Management, enabling the acquisition of 31 BTC for ~€2.9 million

Full recorded event mix

Top 7 categories among 41 recorded events in the 24-month window.

Funding rounds
18
Capital infusions
16
Mergers & acquisitions
3
Leadership moves
1
IPO activity
1
Earnings
1
Asset acquisitions
1

IPO pipeline

1 companies with recorded IPO activity

Ledger ↗

IPO · US1 reports

Mergers and acquisitions

Company-linked deal reports; status is preserved as recorded.

Acquirer → targetStatusDateValue / context
minrex resourcesElectrum ↗2026-01-06Not stated in snapshot
zamaKakarot ↗2025-11-10Not stated in snapshot
coincheckAplo ↗Announced2025-10-01Not stated in snapshot
caceisKriptown ↗Announced2025-08-04Not stated in snapshot
b2c2Woorton ↗Announced2023-08-24Not stated in snapshot
FTX.USLedger ↗Completed2023-04-26$298.0M

A discussion or rumour is not a completed transaction. An unstated value is not zero.

PEOPLE & OPPORTUNITY

The talent market

195 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 746-posting snapshot covers 23 employers.

Expand panel +

Most advertised job titles

Stage Assistant Responsable D\'Affaires Pétrochimie Chimie Pharmacie24
Conducteur De Travaux (H/F)15
Technicien Support Informatique F/H13
Responsable D\'Affaires (H/F)12
Alternance Chargé De Projets Mécénat F/H12
Stage Assistant Responsable D\'Affaires Pétrochimie Chimie10
0 internship postings

0 tracked postings mention remote work.

The seniority mix

52 postings specify a level.

unspecified
694
manager
17
lead
12
senior
12
entry
6
intern
5

Skills employers mention

Top skills across 746 tracked postings in the available jobs snapshot.

Kubernetes
8
Blockchain
6
Excel
5
Ethereum Virtual Machine
5
Gitops
5
Google Sheets
5
Terraform
5
Solidity
5
Docker
4
Prometheus
4
THE PEOPLE BUILDING THE FIELD

Founders and leaders

289 founders and chief executives across 190 companies.

Expand panel +
12 profiles

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Education networks

44 profiles with education records.

HEC Paris
14
Columbia Business School
3
Stanford University
3
INSEAD
3
McGill University
3
The Wharton School
3
Harvard University
2
EDHEC Business School
2

Prior employers

8 profiles with prior-work records.

McKinsey
2
Microsoft
2
Boston Consulting Group
1
Goldman Sachs
1
Morgan Stanley
1
Google
1
Apple
1

Profiles cover recorded founders and leaders; contact details remain in Radar.

NEWS INTELLIGENCE

How this industry appears in the news

536,411 articles in the measured 12-month window.

Expand panel +
536,411articles in the measured year
93,770articles in 2026Q1
43.8%positive tone in the latest complete year

News volume trends

Blockchain Technology coverage across France · articles per complete quarter

076,635153,270229,905306,5412021Q2: 74,8212021Q22021Q3: 79,5732021Q4: 70,1932022Q1: 80,7692022Q2: 80,0552022Q22022Q3: 73,3612022Q4: 103,4082023Q1: 94,6042023Q2: 96,4742023Q22023Q3: 107,6082023Q4: 83,4412024Q1: 103,3602024Q2: 108,7592024Q22024Q3: 121,5382024Q4: 102,8592025Q1: 143,7292025Q2: 103,3012025Q22025Q3: 266,5572025Q4: 75,9192026Q1: 93,7702026Q1
View quarterly article counts
QuarterArticles
2021Q274,821
2021Q379,573
2021Q470,193
2022Q180,769
2022Q280,055
2022Q373,361
2022Q4103,408
2023Q194,604
2023Q296,474
2023Q3107,608
2023Q483,441
2024Q1103,360
2024Q2108,759
2024Q3121,538
2024Q4102,859
2025Q1143,729
2025Q2103,301
2025Q3266,557
2025Q475,919
2026Q193,770

Article volume measures coverage, not market sales.

Tone of coverage over time

2021
134,901 positive · 9,582 neutral · 95,454 negative
2022
195,080 positive · 13,718 neutral · 128,195 negative
2023
235,786 positive · 12,812 neutral · 132,840 negative
2024
260,897 positive · 14,716 neutral · 160,028 negative
2025
257,627 positive · 14,278 neutral · 316,741 negative

Leading coverage topics

Blockchain Technology coverage across France · ranked by full-period article count.

International Political Relations73,107 articles in the full recorded period
19,895 recent · 16,758 prior
International Sports Competitions60,163 articles in the full recorded period
8,596 recent · 17,217 prior
Security And Defense Policies42,769 articles in the full recorded period
12,390 recent · 10,051 prior
Olympic Games Coverage31,765 articles in the full recorded period
4,086 recent · 12,639 prior
International Relations And Diplomacy31,421 articles in the full recorded period
9,123 recent · 7,425 prior
Nationalism And Sovereignty Debates22,325 articles in the full recorded period
4,716 recent · 4,902 prior
Professional League Updates20,963 articles in the full recorded period
3,750 recent · 4,066 prior
Championship Event Highlights19,778 articles in the full recorded period
3,439 recent · 4,740 prior
Government International Agreements Coordination17,083 articles in the full recorded period
4,178 recent · 3,660 prior
Athlete Transfer Rumors15,159 articles in the full recorded period
2,639 recent · 2,570 prior

Recent and prior counts use the source comparison windows.

Topics gaining and losing attention

Blockchain Technology coverage across France

KeywordRecentPriorChange
multilateral diplomacy2,1171,27666%
national security strategy1,11060284%
conceptual rock albums1,012244117%
international cooperation84755952%
trade dispute mechanisms83052658%
bilateral trade68346148%
nuclear proliferation59331787%
stablecoin fx impact555202175%
study overseas48527974%
multilateralism47831054%
olympic team selections7023,796-82%
olympic trials5743,455-83%
olympic venues2772,067-87%
summer olympics athletics1101,965-94%
olympians career highlights1571,725-91%

Event and signal lenses

Blockchain Technology coverage across France

All complete annual cohorts shown
Rising

Regulatory Risk

401,305 classified articles

economic slowdown, geopolitical alliances, inflation outlook

47.6% critical · 30.6% positive
Rising

Funding Momentum

77,197 classified articles

club valuation, currency intervention policies, inflation reports fx

37.5% critical · 43.0% positive
Rising

Growth

163,527 classified articles

gdp growth rate, gdp acceleration, economic output growth

27.6% critical · 47.0% positive

Blockchain Technology coverage across France. Topic labels describe recorded classifications and can include broad context.

RESEARCH SIGNALS

What Blockchain Technology research is working on

52,518 papers in the recorded worldwide scope.

Expand panel +
52,518papers
52,518worldwide comparison pool
India-affiliated papers

Research orientation

Breakthrough
18,064
Promising
17,596
Problem-identifying
7,918
Descriptive
5,111
Cautionary
2,046
Comparative
1,363
Critical
420

Contribution mix

Methods-led
30,312
Empirical
9,132
Reviews
8,260
Position pieces
3,943
Theoretical
871

Tone counts: 50,048 positive · 868 neutral · 1,602 negative.

Common problems researchers identify
8,338 papers · 15.9% of this field
  • Blockchain7,054 papers
  • Computer security2,491 papers
  • Cryptocurrency809 papers
  • Supply chain754 papers
  • Transparency609 papers
  • Distributed ledger539 papers
  • Internet of Things493 papers
  • Smart contract439 papers

Landmark: Blockchain technology and its relationships to sustainable supply chain management

Cautions
2,046 papers · 3.9% of this field
  • Blockchain1,716 papers
  • Computer security477 papers
  • Transparency256 papers
  • Supply chain253 papers
  • Cryptocurrency203 papers
  • Database transaction143 papers
  • Distributed ledger128 papers
  • Scalability124 papers

Landmark: Blockchain technology: principles and applications

Opportunities
35,660 papers · 67.9% of this field
  • Blockchain29,262 papers
  • Computer security11,114 papers
  • Supply chain3,027 papers
  • Transparency2,935 papers
  • Scalability2,764 papers
  • Database transaction2,537 papers
  • Smart contract2,410 papers
  • Internet of Things2,158 papers

Landmark: Ethereum: A Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger

Leading institutions

Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
16,725
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
13,609
Sun Yat-sen University
13,084
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
12,886
Nanyang Technological University
11,775
UNSW Sydney
11,594

Leading researchers

Zibin Zheng
10,208
Dusit Niyato
7,129
Khaled Salah
6,612
Joseph Sarkis
6,172
Kim‐Kwang Raymond Choo
5,983
Hong‐Ning Dai
5,616
Mahtab Kouhizadeh
5,437
Gavin Wood
5,313

Highly cited breakthrough-labelled papers

  • Ethereum: A Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger5,313 citations
  • Decentralizing Privacy: Using Blockchain to Protect Personal Data2,482 citations
  • MedRec: Using Blockchain for Medical Data Access and Permission Management2,377 citations
  • Hawk: The Blockchain Model of Cryptography and Privacy-Preserving Smart Contracts2,164 citations
  • Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World1,671 citations

Common problems researchers identify

7,570 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Governance and Transparency ChallengesCommon problems researchers identify · 01

Governance and Transparency Challenges

2,099 papers

35.0% of this theme group

Researchers highlight difficulties in using blockchain for corporate governance, financial transparency, and sustainable development.

Blockchain (1,813) · Corporate governance (168) · Cryptocurrency (266) · Transparency (222)

Blockchain - A Financial Technology for Future Sustainable Development

A Survey of Blockchain: Techniques, Applications, and Challenges

View research history
YearShare index
2022165.3
2023163.1
2024134.6
2025224.6
Security and Privacy ThreatsCommon problems researchers identify · 02

Security and Privacy Threats

1,621 papers

27.0% of this theme group

Papers discuss fundamental security and privacy vulnerabilities inherent to blockchain and related cryptographic systems.

Computer security (1,344) · Blockchain (1,535) · Internet privacy (147) · Cryptography (83)

A Survey of Blockchain Security Issues and Challenges

Blockchain Security and Privacy: Threats, Challenges, Applications, and Tools

View research history
YearShare index
2022628.2
2023629.9
2024547.5
2025476.0
Supply Chain Traceability IssuesCommon problems researchers identify · 03

Supply Chain Traceability Issues

669 papers

11.2% of this theme group

Studies examine obstacles to integrating blockchain for reliable tracking and management within supply chains.

Supply chain (517) · Supply chain management (170) · Blockchain (626) · Traceability (172)

A Framework for Exploring Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management

Perspectives for the implementation of blockchain technology in the supply chain

View research history
YearShare index
2022876.7
2023925.0
2024897.6
2025961.2
Healthcare Data Protection ConcernsCommon problems researchers identify · 04

Healthcare Data Protection Concerns

444 papers

7.4% of this theme group

Research points to challenges in securing health records and ensuring privacy when applying blockchain in medical contexts.

Health care (256) · Blockchain (420) · Computer security (195) · Health records (22)

Privacy and Security of Blockchain in Healthcare: Applications, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Application of Blockchain Technology in the Healthcare System

View research history
YearShare index
20223420.8
20233427.0
20243092.7
20253244.1
IoT Security and Privacy GapsCommon problems researchers identify · 05

IoT Security and Privacy Gaps

397 papers

6.6% of this theme group

Works identify shortcomings of blockchain solutions for protecting Internet of Things devices and data.

Internet of Things (316) · Blockchain (371) · Computer security (250) · Internet privacy (43)

Addressing Security and Privacy Issues of IoT Using Blockchain Technology

Towards the Integration of Blockchain and IoT for Security Challenges in IoT

View research history
YearShare index
20221157.8
20231172.0
20241228.6
2025997.6
Smart Contract VulnerabilitiesCommon problems researchers identify · 06

Smart Contract Vulnerabilities

389 papers

6.5% of this theme group

Analyses reveal weaknesses and attack surfaces within smart contracts deployed on blockchain platforms.

Smart contract (283) · Computer security (174) · Blockchain (212) · Vulnerability (28)

An Overview of Smart Contract and Use Cases in Blockchain Technology

Security, Performance, and Applications of Smart Contracts: A Systematic Survey

View research history
YearShare index
202254.1
202353.6
202432.7
202534.5
Distributed Ledger Standardization HurdlesCommon problems researchers identify · 07

Distributed Ledger Standardization Hurdles

381 papers

6.3% of this theme group

Literature notes the lack of common standards and interoperability across diverse distributed ledger technologies.

Distributed ledger (320) · Ledger (126) · Cryptocurrency (101) · Blockchain (234)

Understanding the landscape of Distributed Ledger Technologies/Blockchain: Challenges, opportunities, and the prospects for standards

Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies

View research history
YearShare index
2022112.7
2023105.4
202478.5
202595.7

Cautions

1,815 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Financial Auditing RisksCautions · 01

Financial Auditing Risks

495 papers

27.3% of this theme group

Authors caution that blockchain adoption may introduce new complexities for auditing and financial reporting.

Blockchain (450) · Transparency (108) · Corporate governance (57) · Accounting (40)

Impact of Blockchain Technology in Auditing and Financial Transparency

Understanding the Adoption of Blockchain Technology in Financial Information Systems

View research history
YearShare index
2022155.8
2023161.9
2024123.6
2025175.8
Cybersecurity Integration LimitsCautions · 02

Cybersecurity Integration Limits

386 papers

21.3% of this theme group

Papers advise careful evaluation of blockchain's role in enhancing security for voting and cloud environments.

Computer security (317) · Blockchain (374) · Internet privacy (35) · Voting (22)

Blockchain Technology in Cybersecurity: Uses Beyond Cryptocurrencies

Implementation of Blockchain Technology to Enhance Data Security for Cloud Computing

View research history
YearShare index
2022358.8
2023356.5
2024319.1
2025157.0
Scalability and Consensus ConstraintsCautions · 03

Scalability and Consensus Constraints

364 papers

20.1% of this theme group

Research warns about performance bottlenecks and energy demands of current blockchain consensus mechanisms.

Blockchain (285) · Cryptocurrency (64) · Scalability (48) · Proof-of-work system (16)

On Availability for Blockchain-Based Systems

Exploring Blockchain Architectures for Network Sharing: Advantages, Limitations, and Suitability

View research history
YearShare index
2022231.3
2023238.9
2024177.4
2025373.7
Supply Chain Transparency Trade‑offsCautions · 04

Supply Chain Transparency Trade‑offs

253 papers

13.9% of this theme group

Studies highlight potential drawbacks and implementation challenges when using blockchain for supply chain visibility.

Supply chain (211) · Supply chain management (72) · Traceability (63) · Blockchain (240)

Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management: Prospects and Challenges

Blockchain Technology for Enhancing Supply Chain Transparency: Opportunities and Challenges

View research history
YearShare index
2022876.7
2023925.0
2024897.6
2025961.2
Healthcare Interoperability BarriersCautions · 05

Healthcare Interoperability Barriers

119 papers

6.6% of this theme group

Works point out difficulties in achieving seamless data exchange and security across medical systems with blockchain.

Health care (86) · Blockchain (113) · Interoperability (30) · Computer security (50)

Blockchain for Securing AI-Driven Healthcare Systems: A Systematic Review and Future Research Perspectives

Healthcare Management using Blockchain

View research history
YearShare index
20223461.9
20233468.2
20243120.7
20253309.3
Banking Application UncertaintiesCautions · 06

Banking Application Uncertainties

109 papers

6.0% of this theme group

Authors discuss unresolved issues in applying distributed ledgers to loan processing, credit assessment, and compliance.

Distributed ledger (95) · Ledger (44) · Blockchain (71) · Cryptocurrency (22)

Review on Blockchain Technology

BLOCKCHAIN IN BANKING: A REVIEW OF DISTRIBUTED LEDGER APPLICATIONS IN LOAN PROCESSING, CREDIT HISTORY, AND COMPLIANCE

View research history
YearShare index
2022112.7
2023105.4
202478.5
202595.7
Smart Contract Performance RisksCautions · 07

Smart Contract Performance Risks

89 papers

4.9% of this theme group

Literature raises concerns about reliability and transaction efficiency of smart contracts in critical applications.

Smart contract (62) · Computer security (29) · Vulnerability (6) · Database transaction (13)

On Smart Contracts and Organisational Performance: A Review of Smart Contracts through the Blockchain Technology

Smart Contract in Blockchain

View research history
YearShare index
2022136.1
2023128.3
202475.4
2025123.6

Opportunities

32,781 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Scalable Distributed ComputingOpportunities · 01

Scalable Distributed Computing

1,471 papers

24.5% of this theme group

Research explores novel sharding and consensus designs to improve blockchain throughput for large‑scale workloads.

Blockchain (1,155) · Distributed computing (188) · Scalability (211) · Database transaction (210)

A Secure and Efficient Blockchain Sharding Scheme via Hybrid Consensus and Dynamic Management

LearningChain: A Highly Scalable and Applicable Learning-Based Blockchain Performance Optimization Framework

View research history
YearShare index
2022595.9
2023574.5
2024366.9
2025473.0
Secure Data Sharing FrameworksOpportunities · 02

Secure Data Sharing Frameworks

1,420 papers

23.7% of this theme group

Papers propose blockchain‑based platforms for trustworthy threat intelligence exchange and collaborative security services.

Computer security (1,028) · Blockchain (1,290) · Authentication (149) · Computer network (123)

A Trusted, Verifiable and Differential Cyber Threat Intelligence Sharing Framework using Blockchain

A Security-Oriented Data-Sharing Scheme Based on Blockchain

View research history
YearShare index
2022703.6
2023649.6
2024443.2
2025199.2
Enhanced Information System IntegrityOpportunities · 03

Enhanced Information System Integrity

1,034 papers

17.2% of this theme group

Studies demonstrate how blockchain can reinforce reliability and trust in corporate information management.

Blockchain (967) · Transparency (214) · Computer security (312) · Corporate governance (65)

Enhancing Security and Reliability of Information Systems through Blockchain Technology: A Case Study on Impacts and Potential

Securing Management Information Systems Using Blockchain Technology

View research history
YearShare index
202272.1
202378.6
202469.2
2025147.8
Sustainable Supply Chain SolutionsOpportunities · 04

Sustainable Supply Chain Solutions

596 papers

9.9% of this theme group

Works present blockchain applications that promote environmentally responsible manufacturing and traceable logistics.

Supply chain (469) · Supply chain management (132) · Traceability (203) · Blockchain (550)

Applications of Blockchain Technology in Sustainable Manufacturing and Supply Chain Management: A Systematic Review

Application of Blockchain in Supply Chain Management

View research history
YearShare index
2022876.7
2023925.0
2024897.6
2025961.2
IoT Privacy and AuthenticationOpportunities · 05

IoT Privacy and Authentication

518 papers

8.6% of this theme group

Research showcases blockchain mechanisms that strengthen privacy, authentication, and efficiency for industrial IoT networks.

Internet of Things (319) · Blockchain (457) · Computer security (268) · Computer network (48)

Resolving Security Issues in the IoT Using Blockchain

Securing Industrial IoT: Blockchain-Integrated Solutions for Enhanced Privacy, Authentication, and Efficiency

View research history
YearShare index
20221384.6
20231369.5
20241291.3
20251018.4
Patient‑Centric Health Record ManagementOpportunities · 06

Patient‑Centric Health Record Management

501 papers

8.3% of this theme group

Papers outline blockchain approaches for secure, privacy‑aware sharing of electronic medical records.

Health care (181) · Blockchain (469) · Computer security (291) · Health records (25)

Secure and Trustable Electronic Medical Records Sharing using Blockchain.

Integrity and Privacy-Aware, Patient-Centric Health Record Access Control Framework Using a Blockchain

View research history
YearShare index
20223420.8
20233427.0
20243092.7
20253244.1
Smart Contract Reliability AdvancesOpportunities · 07

Smart Contract Reliability Advances

460 papers

7.7% of this theme group

Studies introduce frameworks that improve the safety and robustness of blockchain‑based contractual agreements.

Smart contract (330) · Vulnerability (36) · Computer security (183) · Blockchain (249)

Blockchain contract: Securing a blockchain applied to smart contracts

A framework for smart construction contracts using BIM and blockchain

View research history
YearShare index
202254.1
202353.6
202432.7
202534.5

How this field compares with the research baseline

Orientation shares compared with 25,000 papers in the reference sample.

Research orientationThis fieldReference sample
Breakthrough34.4%26.2%
Promising33.5%37.5%
Problem-identifying15.1%9.9%
Descriptive9.7%17.3%
Cautionary3.9%4.5%
Comparative2.6%3.7%
Critical0.8%1.0%

Concerns receiving less research attention

Counts and shares refer to the stated research pool. A low count describes how much of that research is recorded here, not the absence of a real-world concern.

Concern / example paperPapersShareRaised as a problemWorldwide share
Privacy & surveillanceA Review on the Use of Blockchain for the Internet of Things5,91612.38%1,156 (19.5%)12.38%
Safety & misuseFake News, Disinformation, and Deepfakes: Leveraging Distributed Ledger Technologies and Blockchain to Combat Digital De790.17%16 (20.3%)0.17%
Bias & fairnessToward Fairness of Cryptocurrency Payments630.13%13 (20.6%)0.13%
Hardware, e-waste & supply chainBlockchain Technology for Sustainable Waste Management450.09%2 (4.4%)0.09%
Concentration of compute powerThe (Limited) Power of Blockchain Networks for Information Provision340.07%11 (32.4%)0.07%
Energy & datacenter footprintOptimization of Green Computing in Data Privacy in Healthcare BCT Framework320.07%3 (9.4%)0.07%
Labour & data workProposal for an integrative performance framework based on Distributed Ledger Technology dedicated to higher education s200.04%5 (25.0%)0.04%
Carbon & emissions of computeLattice-Like Blockchain System for Maintaining the Data Privacy in the Distributed Computation of Carbon Emission80.02%0 (0.0%)0.02%
Water use00.0%0 (%)0.0%

Institution and researcher rankings use citations to their covered work. Research scope: worldwide. This may be broader than the company geography.

GEOGRAPHIC FOOTPRINT

Where companies are based

Company counts, hiring and disclosed funding across the recorded hubs.

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8 cards

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UNDERSTAND THE LANDSCAPE

Blockchain Technology in France: key questions

Clear definitions for making better comparisons.

What does this landscape measure?

It measures the tracked company ecosystem, recorded funding, hiring and other available evidence. It is not a market-size estimate.

Can segment counts be added together?

No. A company can belong to several segments, so segment counts and funding can overlap.

What does a missing figure mean?

A dash or unavailable panel means the current reviewed source snapshot does not support that figure.

Company ecosystem snapshot: 2 September 2026. Funding is recorded in USD; filed accounts retain their stated currency and reporting basis. Each section identifies its own coverage. The news and research behind these sections is explorable in Prism.

Canonical landscape ↗
Coming soon