Industry landscapes
Industry report

Funding and advertised pay are reported in USD; filed accounts retain their stated source currency and basis.

Exchange-rate basis

Indicative conversions use ECB reference rates dated 2026-09-14, applied consistently across all periods. They are not historical exchange rates. Indian rupees may use crore (1 crore = 10 million); other currencies use K, M and B. CSV downloads, source documents and quoted news headlines retain their original currencies.

THE THE UNITED KINGDOM EDITION 2026

the United Kingdom’s
cybersecurity industry,
in focus.

The companies, capital and talent shaping cybersecurity in the United Kingdom. Find the leaders. Understand the segments. See where the activity is.

Snapshot: Funding in USD
Illustrated cover for Cybersecurity Industry Landscape of the United Kingdom
GB
COMPANIES · CAPITAL · TALENT

An industry ecosystem,
measured in context.

Cybersecurity illustration
MEET THE COMPANIES

Explore the United Kingdom’s cybersecurity leaders

24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.

Expand panel +
Cybersecurity company highlights in the United Kingdom, snapshot 31 August 2026
Company
Quantexaquantexa.com$546.08M5 roles552—
Mimecastmimecast.com$260.94M10 roles79,693—
Onfidoonfido.com$248.93M—516—
Darktracedarktrace.com$239.2M8 roles1,440—
Behavoxbehavox.com$238.6M6 roles144Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Ellipticelliptic.co$224.31M7 roles80Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Immersive Labsimmersivelabs.com$189.3M—69Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Privitarprivitar.com$174.4M—147—
Sumsubsumsub.com—7 roles7—
ComplyAdvantagecomplyadvantage.com—4 roles31Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
SECQAIsecqai.com—4 roles——
Cybaversecybaverse.co.uk——21—
Egressegress.com——252—
Elementelement.io——128—
Express Vpnexpressvpn.com——1—
GBGgbgplc.com——1,098Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Kapekape.com——850—
LoopUploopup.com——200—
Microblinkmicroblink.com——230—
PortSwiggerportswigger.net——109—
Redsiftredsift.com——46Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Ripjarripjar.com——95Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Surfsharksurfshark.com——300—
Yotiyoti.com——318—
24 featured companies

Locked revenue figures are available in Radar; the eight company financial previews stay the same throughout this page. A dash means the figure is outside these featured lists. Revenue years vary by company; the figures are not a like-for-like revenue comparison. Compare annual accounts ↗

Company discovery

Recorded evidence only
THE KEY SIGNALS

Cybersecurity industry KPIs in the United Kingdom

A few useful ratios bring the size of this ecosystem into perspective.

31 August 2026
Hiring participation2.7%

52 of 1,915 tracked companies have open roles.

Funding participation18.3%

351 of 1,915 tracked companies have a recorded round.

Top 3 funding share16.8%

Share of disclosed capital received by the three largest recorded recipients.

Median disclosed round$1.8M

Midpoint of 647 rounds with a disclosed amount.

Scale is concentrated. Opportunity is broader. The three largest funding recipients hold 16.8% of disclosed capital, while 81.7% of tracked companies have no recorded funding round.

Explore the segments →
CAPITAL & COMPANY FORMATION

How the United Kingdom cybersecurity has grown

Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.

Expand panel +
2016 — 2025

Disclosed funding by year

Sum of recorded funding rounds · USD

the United Kingdom cybersecurity
$0$257.35M$514.7M$772.05M$1.03B2016: $250.76M20162017: $391.87M20172018: $437.76M20182019: $556.78M20192020: $902.99M20202021: $798.71M20212022: $703.09M20222023: $613.5M20232024: $420.38M20242025: $445.15M2025
View the numbers
Annual cybersecurity funding and company formation in the United Kingdom
YearFunding (USD)FoundedRaising
2016$250.76M9748
2017$391.87M12155
2018$437.76M12357
2019$556.78M15163
2020$902.99M15463
2021$798.71M8467
2022$703.09M7953
2023$613.5M10961
2024$420.38M12044
2025$445.15M8828
WHERE CAPITAL SITS

Funding concentration

Share of all disclosed company funding.

  • Quantexa8.7%
  • Mimecast4.1%
  • Onfido4.0%
  • Other companies83.2%

Funding by stage

755 recorded rounds since 2016

NUMBER OF ROUNDS
Seed & Angel398 52.7%
Series A–B240 31.8%
Series C+ / PE45 6.0%
Grants, debt & other72 9.5%

Recent recorded rounds

Latest recorded rounds · USD
8 rounds

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Series D05/2026
Elliptic $120M

Backed by One Peak and Nasdaq and others.

Series A03/2026
Tracebit $20M

Backed by FirstMark and Accel and others.

Seed02/2026
Refute $6.84M

Backed by Amadeus Capital and Playfair Capital and others.

Largest and notable recorded rounds

Each card is one recorded round
10 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

THE BUSINESS BEHIND THE ACTIVITY

Revenue, profitability & financial strength

Annual accounts for reporting companies linked to this landscape, on like-for-like currency and reporting bases.

Expand panel +
GBP · millions · consolidated

Display conversions use the dated reference rates above. Where a verified rate is unavailable, figures retain their source currency. Each reporting cohort keeps its currency and accounting basis separate.

FY2025 · company accounts; aggregate reporting threshold not met · 6 reporting entities from 590 eligible matches.

Revenue in covered accounts—

Sum of reporting-entity revenue; not the United Kingdom market sales.

Net profit / loss—

Combined result for the same cohort.

Aggregate net margin—

Combined net income ÷ combined revenue.

Median company revenue—

The middle covered reporting entity.

Profitable entities—

None of 6 covered entities.

Top-five concentration—

Share of covered revenue from the five largest entities.

Annual account trend

Reported cohort totals by year; coverage is stated for every period.

Bar height shows revenue. Changes in coverage can affect totals.

Profitability has two perspectives

FY2025 · 6 reporting entities

Open the company accounts

Up to eight fixed company previews show financial amounts. Search and sort the wider company list, then continue in Radar.

6 reporting entities
Continue your financial research in Radar

Explore full company accounts and filings.

View financials in Radar ↗
THE UNITED KINGDOM · INDUSTRY COHORTS

How does cybersecurity compare?

Each pair uses the same year, currency and reporting basis. Cohort overlap is disclosed.

IndustryCovered / eligibleRevenue totalMedian revenueNet profit / lossAggregate marginProfitable shareOverlap

Available-account cohorts are not estimates of whole industries. Overlapping entities can occur in more than one cohort; do not add cohort totals.

Coverage, calculations & financial sources

Filed annual accounts for exact designated national identifiers. Every aggregate and peer pair uses one fiscal year, source currency and reporting basis; periods, coverage and overlap are explicit; 2026 partials are excluded.

The same up to eight reporting entities remain open across years, filters and sorts. Other company figures are available in Radar.

Source currencies and accounting bases stay separate. Missing accounts are excluded rather than treated as zero. Exact reporting periods appear on company previews. Annual totals can change with coverage and do not measure growth of a fixed company cohort.

DIGITAL FOOTPRINT

Web traffic, app reach and release cadence

How the the United Kingdom companies on this page show up online: the sites people visit, the apps they install, and how often those apps ship.

Busiest websites

36 of the 1,915 companies on this page carry a measured traffic record (1.9%); these are the largest of those, by monthly visits. The median among them is 171,048 visits.

CompanyMonthly visitsAuthorityMobile
TotalAVtotalav.com21,695,7625087.4%
Yotiyoti.com16,804,6764978.4%
Surfsharksurfshark.com11,153,9686748.4%
Express Vpnexpressvpn.com8,438,4986754.8%
TryHackMetryhackme.com6,646,5685414.4%
Sumsubsumsub.com4,470,5694467.1%
Sophossophos.com4,228,3655426.3%
Hack The Boxhackthebox.com3,092,6395113.1%
Onfidoonfido.com3,005,5063295.6%
Report-URIreport-uri.com907,4943399.3%

Visits and authority are third-party web estimates, not company-reported figures.

Most-installed apps

182 of these companies (9.5%) publish at least one Android app — 305 apps in all, carrying 262.5M installs between them.

Installs are lifetime totals to date at the June 2026 store reading — a measure of reach, not of people using an app today.

App reach by segment

The busiest app inside each of this page’s own segments, with the quarterly release trend behind it (2024Q1–2026Q2).

SegmentAppsInstallsLeading appRelease trend
Cybersecurity303262.4MExpressVPN: VPN Fast & Secure 101.1M
Enterprise Networking6105.4MVPN 3000: Ultra Fast & Secure 3.7M
Regtech4913.5MYoti - your digital identity 11.6M
Image Recognition3913.1MIDsafe: ID & passport scanner 795.9K
Ai Infrastructure911.8MPopFaces-Recognize celebrities 205.5K
Security & Surveillance Technology585.7MUtopia — Private Messenger 3.8M
Enterprise Collaboration614.7MElement Classic 2.6M
Communication Apps64.7MSimpleX Chat 877.4K

A company can carry several segment tags, so these rows overlap and should not be added together. Trend lines are zero-based and share one quarter grid, so a flat line is a quiet segment, not a missing one.

Release cadence by quarter

New apps published, beside apps whose most recent update landed in that quarter — the second bar is how much of the shelf is still being maintained.

2023Q2: 92023Q2: 22023Q22023Q3: 62023Q3: 32023Q32023Q4: 82023Q4: 152023Q42024Q1: 62024Q1: 22024Q12024Q2: 72024Q2: 32024Q22024Q3: 92024Q3: 92024Q32024Q4: 62024Q4: 52024Q42025Q1: 102025Q1: 82025Q12025Q2: 42025Q2: 52025Q22025Q3: 102025Q3: 272025Q32025Q4: 132025Q4: 502025Q42026Q1: 82026Q1: 402026Q1

Darker bars are new releases, lighter bars apps updated. 286 of 305 apps carry a release date. The series ends at 2026Q1, the last quarter that closed before the June 2026 reading.

INSIDE THE INDUSTRY

The the United Kingdom cybersecurity market map

Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.

Expand panel +

Where companies are building

Rank segments by scale, hiring or disclosed funding.

Enterprise tech1,618
Enterprise software1,129
Saas932
Consumer digital454
Fintech263
Anti fraud management165
Enterprise communication153
Future of work143
Biometric access control133
Remote work tools115
Facial recognition software114
Fintech saas100

Companies can sit in several segments. Counts and funding overlap.

SEGMENT TO EXPLORE

Enterprise tech

The largest measured segment in this report snapshot.

1618companies
3.0%have hiring activity

49 companies hiring · $6B disclosed funding

Explore in Radar

How companies make money

Common revenue models; a company can use more than one.

Subscription1,432
Fee-for-service417
E-commerce - service181
Commission on transaction78
Advertising69
E-commerce - product30
Physical commerce17
Licensing3
THE COMPANIES IN MOTION

Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work

Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.

Expand panel +
Recent corporate headlines 10 dated reports
Mergers & acquisitionscable.tech ↗

Synctera has acquired Cable, a financial automated control testing software specialist, in a tech M&A deal.

Funding roundsoptalysys.com ↗

The British Optalysys plans to raise more than $100 million in 2026.

Mergers & acquisitionsaccesspay.com ↗

Beringea, the transatlantic venture capital investor, has today announced the sale of its stake in AccessPay, the leading bank integration provider, as part of a majority investment by Accel-KKR.

Funding roundstracebit.com ↗

Tracebit has now raised a total of $25.0M in total equity funding and is backed by Accel, Cyber Club London, FirstMark, MMC Ventures, and Tapestry VC.

Mergers & acquisitionssophos.com ↗

Sophos has acquired UK-based Arco Cyber.

Funding roundsthreataware.com ↗

Read Also - London-Based ThreatAware Raises $25M Funding Round Led By One Peak

Mergers & acquisitionsdirect-visual.com ↗

its subsidiary Logicalis has agreed to acquire UK based Direct Visual Limited, a Tandberg (now part of Cisco) Platinum Partner, for an undisclosed amount.

Funding roundskeyless.io ↗

London-based Keyless, which announced a €1.9 million round focused on privacy-preserving biometric authentication.

Funding roundswarden.co ↗

Warden, an infrastructure and application layer project for AI agents, announced the completion of a $4 million strategic funding round, valuing the company at $200 million.

Mergers & acquisitionsgreshamtech.com ↗

Gresham, which is backed by STG Partners, has acquired S&P Global’s enterprise data management business.

Full recorded event mix

Top 10 categories among 454 recorded events in the 24-month window.

Leadership moves
139
Mergers & acquisitions
89
Funding rounds
70
Earnings
41
New products
39
Contracts
35
Company announcements
14
Regulatory
7
Asset acquisitions
7
Capital infusions
4
6 activity cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

IPO pipeline

2 companies with recorded IPO activity

Darktrace ↗

IPO · London Stock Exchange2 reports

IPO · AIM2 reports

Leadership moves

51 tracked people moves

Napier ↗
Charlotte Bass

Appointment head of PR

Napier ↗
Simon Krelle

Appointment director of global client services

Nivo ↗
Bruce Glover

Appointment Account Executive

Sophos ↗
Hussain Salman

Appointment Enterprise Services Director

Sectigo ↗
Clint Maddox

Appointment President Global Field Operations

Surfshark ↗
Dovydas Godelis

Promotion Chief Executive Officer

Darktrace ↗
Ed Jennings

Appointment President and Chief Executive Officer

Surfshark ↗
Vytautas Kaziukonis

Resignation Chairman

Product launches

Products, platforms and features in the recorded window

Symphonic ↗
Symphonic NEXT

Program

Sectigo ↗
Sectigo Partner Platform (SPP)

Multi‑tenant partner platform for CLM

Cytora ↗
The Warren Group property intelligence integration

Data Enrichment

Oasis Software as a Service Limited (Oasis SaaS)

Catastrophe modelling platform

Culture AI ↗
global partner programme

Partner program

Quantexa ↗
Quantexa Accelerator for Decision Intelligence for Guidewire ClaimCenter

Decision Intelligence

unitary ↗
Virtual Agents for Insurance

AI automation solution

Unily ↗
Unily Futures

Employee Experience Platform

Contract wins

26 recorded customer wins

Behavox ↗

Customer: lloyds banking groupFinancial services

Behavox ↗

Customer: Cerberus Capital Management, L.P.

Customer: Cyber-security, Governance, Risk and Compliance market

Customer: Technology

Celebrus ↗

Customer: major UK retail financial services institutionRetail financial services

Dayshape ↗

Customer: rsm usProfessional Services

Workforce actions

2 companies with reported reductions

Sophos ↗

6.0% rolescost reduction

Express Vpn ↗

180 rolescost reduction

Regulatory events

6 recorded events

GBG ↗

expected admission to main marketFCA

Spirent ↗

approved takeoverCompetition and Markets Authority

de la rue ↗

won an urgent order to print 30bn Libyan dinarsCentral Bank of Libya

de la rue ↗

order to print 30bn Libyan dinarsCentral Bank of Libya

Earnings pulse

Reported company results in the recorded window.

14companies
40period observations
3.4%median reported growth

Median across 26 reported growth observations; companies may contribute multiple periods.

Mergers and acquisitions

Company-linked deal reports; status is preserved as recorded.

Acquirer → targetStatusDateValue / context
synctera→Cable ↗2026-04-18Not stated in snapshot
accel-kkr→AccessPay ↗Announced2026-03-31Not stated in snapshot
Sophos→Arco Cyber ↗Announced2026-03-09Not stated in snapshot
Sophos→CyberArco2026-02-20Not stated in snapshot
logicalis→Direct Visual ↗Announced2026-02-12Not stated in snapshot
stg→Gresham ↗Announced2026-01-13Not stated in snapshot

A discussion or rumour is not a completed transaction. An unstated value is not zero.

PEOPLE & OPPORTUNITY

The talent market

36 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 121-posting snapshot covers 65 employers.

Expand panel +

Most advertised job titles

Information Security Associate Director2
Soc Analyst2
Project Manager (Cyber Security)2
Level 1 Soc Analyst @ Telefonica Tech1
Cybersecurity Security Auditor Ii1
Cyber Security Engineer1
5 internship postings

38 tracked postings mention remote work.

The seniority mix

5 postings specify a level.

unspecified
116
manager
5

Skills employers mention

Top skills across 121 tracked postings in the available jobs snapshot.

Cybersecurity
38
Network Security
32
Incident Response
25
Information Security
24
Cyber Security
22
Linux
19
Windows
19
Malware Analysis
15
Mac
15
Siem
11
THE PEOPLE BUILDING THE FIELD

Founders and leaders

876 founders and chief executives across 640 companies.

Expand panel +
12 profiles

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Education networks

138 profiles with education records.

University of Cambridge
25
University of Oxford
22
Imperial College London
15
University of Bristol
11
University of Warwick
10
University of Manchester
7
INSEAD
6
University College London
5

Prior employers

20 profiles with prior-work records.

Google
6
Microsoft
4
McKinsey
3
Cisco
2
Facebook
1
Morgan Stanley
1
Boston Consulting Group
1
eBay
1

Profiles cover recorded founders and leaders; contact details remain in Radar.

NEWS INTELLIGENCE

How this industry appears in the news

53,077 articles in the measured 12-month window.

Expand panel +
53,077articles in the measured year
14,181articles in 2026Q1
61.9%positive tone in the latest complete year

News volume trends

Cybersecurity coverage across United Kingdom · articles per complete quarter

05,47010,94116,41121,8812021Q2: 10,1372021Q22021Q3: 11,0862021Q4: 9,4072022Q1: 11,7962022Q2: 10,2242022Q22022Q3: 9,2952022Q4: 10,2152023Q1: 11,1632023Q2: 11,8452023Q22023Q3: 12,5842023Q4: 12,0812024Q1: 12,3962024Q2: 12,0852024Q22024Q3: 19,0272024Q4: 13,8782025Q1: 17,6552025Q2: 12,3352025Q22025Q3: 13,8792025Q4: 12,2302026Q1: 14,1812026Q1
View quarterly article counts
QuarterArticles
2021Q210,137
2021Q311,086
2021Q49,407
2022Q111,796
2022Q210,224
2022Q39,295
2022Q410,215
2023Q111,163
2023Q211,845
2023Q312,584
2023Q412,081
2024Q112,396
2024Q212,085
2024Q319,027
2024Q413,878
2025Q117,655
2025Q212,335
2025Q313,879
2025Q412,230
2026Q114,181

Article volume measures coverage, not market sales.

Tone of coverage over time

2021
20,029 positive · 243 neutral · 12,811 negative
2022
25,143 positive · 367 neutral · 15,968 negative
2023
29,368 positive · 325 neutral · 17,922 negative
2024
33,274 positive · 594 neutral · 23,460 negative
2025
34,660 positive · 688 neutral · 20,687 negative

Leading coverage topics

Cybersecurity coverage across United Kingdom · ranked by full-period article count.

Cryptocurrency Impact On Forex Markets4,063 articles in the full recorded period
1,265 recent · 671 prior
Technology Adoption And Digital Transformation3,682 articles in the full recorded period
944 recent · 807 prior
Strategic Partnerships And Collaborations3,649 articles in the full recorded period
932 recent · 802 prior
New Product Launches And Innovations3,414 articles in the full recorded period
896 recent · 739 prior
Cybercrime Laws And Digital Forensics3,169 articles in the full recorded period
870 recent · 808 prior
Executive Leadership Changes And Appointments2,544 articles in the full recorded period
570 recent · 512 prior
Cybersecurity Threats And Solutions2,153 articles in the full recorded period
648 recent · 624 prior
Public Safety And Crime Incident Reports1,889 articles in the full recorded period
381 recent · 341 prior
Industry Awards And Recognition Announcements1,680 articles in the full recorded period
356 recent · 381 prior
Security And Defense Policies1,552 articles in the full recorded period
373 recent · 295 prior

Recent and prior counts use the source comparison windows.

Topics gaining and losing attention

Cybersecurity coverage across United Kingdom

KeywordRecentPriorChange
vulnerability intelligence17912444%
stablecoin fx impact16244268%
decentralized forex1378463%
privacy policies136101260%
ransomware incidents1367679%
threat feed integration1238250%
embezzlement investigations10740168%
trafficking prosecutions9837165%
aviation security checks9121333%
cyber espionage915857%
cloud firewall41152-73%
cloud-native firewalls32140-77%
cloud security groups80137-42%
scam awareness initiatives60136-56%
scam avoidance resources51124-59%

Event and signal lenses

Cybersecurity coverage across United Kingdom

All complete annual cohorts shown
Rising

Regulatory Risk

77,029 classified articles

ai regulation compliance, responsible ai, computer fraud statutes

52.1% critical · 38.2% positive
Rising

Funding Momentum

14,249 classified articles

neural network ventures, cross-border aerospace deals, private equity aerospace

43.4% critical · 53.7% positive
Rising

Growth

26,445 classified articles

business partnership, new executive, stock performance

35.9% critical · 56.5% positive

Cybersecurity coverage across United Kingdom. Topic labels describe recorded classifications and can include broad context.

RESEARCH SIGNALS

What Cybersecurity research is working on

41,368 papers in the recorded worldwide scope.

Expand panel +
41,368papers
41,368worldwide comparison pool
—India-affiliated papers

Research orientation

Promising
15,080
Breakthrough
11,781
Problem-identifying
6,534
Descriptive
5,229
Comparative
1,640
Cautionary
957
Critical
147

Contribution mix

Methods-led
27,319
Empirical
6,868
Reviews
4,217
Position pieces
2,377
Theoretical
587

Tone counts: 34,043 positive · 2,274 neutral · 5,051 negative.

Common problems researchers identify
6,681 papers · 16.2% of this field
  • Computer security2,863 papers
  • Network security2,066 papers
  • Intrusion detection system924 papers
  • Denial-of-service attack470 papers
  • Information security454 papers
  • Security service450 papers
  • Firewall355 papers
  • Network Access Control348 papers

Landmark: A Deep Learning Approach for Network Intrusion Detection System

Cautions
957 papers · 2.3% of this field
  • Computer security192 papers
  • Network security174 papers
  • Intrusion detection system161 papers
  • Network packet79 papers
  • Denial-of-service attack79 papers
  • Malware64 papers
  • Exploit60 papers
  • Firewall57 papers

Landmark: On the effectiveness of machine and deep learning for cyber security

Opportunities
26,861 papers · 64.9% of this field
  • Intrusion detection system8,441 papers
  • Network security6,168 papers
  • Computer security4,770 papers
  • Denial-of-service attack2,618 papers
  • Network packet2,161 papers
  • Anomaly detection2,006 papers
  • Computer network1,660 papers
  • Scalability1,479 papers

Landmark: N-BaIoT—Network-Based Detection of IoT Botnet Attacks Using Deep Autoencoders

Leading institutions

Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
3,267
Georgia Institute of Technology
2,489
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2,012
King Abdulaziz University
1,969
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
1,886
Xidian University
1,577

Leading researchers

Guofei Gu
2,224
Tansu Alpcan
1,560
Roberto Perdisci
1,533
Quamar Niyaz
1,458
Weiqing Sun
1,439
Wenke Lee
1,421
Ahmad Y. Javaid
1,413
Nick Feamster
1,346

Highly cited breakthrough-labelled papers

  • N-BaIoT—Network-Based Detection of IoT Botnet Attacks Using Deep Autoencoders1,284 citations
  • BotMiner: clustering analysis of network traffic for protocol- and structure-independent botnet detection1,021 citations
  • Intrusion Detection System Using Deep Neural Network for In-Vehicle Network Security653 citations
  • Building an Intrusion Detection System Using a Filter-Based Feature Selection Algorithm619 citations
  • ZMap: fast internet-wide scanning and its security applications582 citations

Common problems researchers identify

6,106 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Wireless Network Security GapsCommon problems researchers identify · 01

Wireless Network Security Gaps

1,543 papers

25.7% of this theme group

Researchers highlight weaknesses in wireless protocols and the need for stronger protection mechanisms.

Computer security (450) · Wireless network (133) · Network security (396) · Computer network (159)

The Analysis of Wireless Network Security Protocol and Solution

Security in wireless networks

View research history
YearShare index
20221303.1
20231236.3
20241017.8
2025722.3
Malware and Exploit VulnerabilitiesCommon problems researchers identify · 02

Malware and Exploit Vulnerabilities

1,361 papers

22.7% of this theme group

Papers discuss persistent malware threats and gaps in host and network exploit defenses.

Computer security (520) · Malware (128) · Network security (429) · Exploit (110)

Penetration Testing: A Roadmap to Network Security

An Improved Model for Analysis of Host Network Vulnerability

View research history
YearShare index
2022622.4
2023628.1
2024491.0
2025653.2
Network Access Control ShortcomingsCommon problems researchers identify · 03

Network Access Control Shortcomings

1,358 papers

22.6% of this theme group

Studies expose policy flaws and inadequate controls that leave enterprise networks exposed.

Computer security (1,117) · Network security (935) · Network security policy (242) · Network Access Control (232)

Research on Security Issues and Protection Strategy of Computer Network

Analysis on the Situation and Protection of Computer Network Information Security

View research history
YearShare index
2022232.7
2023252.6
2024226.3
2025287.2
Intrusion Detection and Prevention LimitsCommon problems researchers identify · 04

Intrusion Detection and Prevention Limits

788 papers

13.1% of this theme group

Works examine detection gaps and false‑positive challenges in current IDS/IPS solutions.

Intrusion detection system (751) · Intrusion prevention system (138) · Intrusion (160) · Anomaly-based intrusion detection system (95)

An In-Depth Analysis of Network Security: Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems

Application of Intrusion Detection Technology in Network Security

View research history
YearShare index
2022204.7
2023223.9
2024224.0
2025387.5
Distributed Denial‑of‑Service WeaknessesCommon problems researchers identify · 05

Distributed Denial‑of‑Service Weaknesses

394 papers

6.6% of this theme group

Analyses reveal how DDoS attacks bypass existing defenses, especially at the application layer.

Denial-of-service attack (375) · Application layer DDoS attack (76) · Trinoo (54) · Computer security (161)

A Review on Distributed Denial of Service Attack

Detection and Analysis of Distributed Denial of Service attack on Software Defined Network

View research history
YearShare index
2022141.9
2023134.8
2024109.6
2025144.1
Campus Network Security IssuesCommon problems researchers identify · 06

Campus Network Security Issues

361 papers

6.0% of this theme group

Research points to policy and technical gaps specific to university and campus environments.

Campus network (171) · Computer security (279) · Network security (254) · Network security policy (77)

The problems in campus network information security and its solutions

Research on Network Security of Campus Network

View research history
YearShare index
2022231.0
2023249.2
2024224.6
2025283.2
Historical Security ContextsCommon problems researchers identify · 07

Historical Security Contexts

195 papers

3.2% of this theme group

Papers explore legacy security concepts and their relevance to modern cyber challenges.

Computer security (148) · History (17) · Peninsula (9) · Ancient history (9)

DMZ 평화적 이용 방안 연구

DMZ의 지속가능한 평화적 이용과 발전 방안

View research history
YearShare index
2022144.1
2023133.2
2024125.7
202572.5

Cautions

844 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Foundational Network Security ConcernsCautions · 01

Foundational Network Security Concerns

179 papers

21.2% of this theme group

Authors caution that basic network models often overlook emerging threat vectors.

Computer security (97) · Network security (84) · Computer network (36) · Network Access Control (18)

Introduction to Computer and Network Security

Research on network information security model and system construction

View research history
YearShare index
20221291.3
20231227.9
20241012.0
2025713.2
IoT Encryption and Authentication RisksCautions · 02

IoT Encryption and Authentication Risks

150 papers

17.8% of this theme group

Studies warn of weak cryptographic practices and authentication gaps in Internet‑of‑Things deployments.

Encryption (21) · Cryptography (14) · Authentication (15) · Internet of Things (14)

Enhancing Routing Security in IoT: Performance Evaluation of RPL’s Secure Mode Under Attacks

A Security Vulnerability Analysisof Internet Protocol Cameras

View research history
YearShare index
20221085.2
20231064.5
2024914.8
20251312.1
Domain Name System Privacy GapsCautions · 03

Domain Name System Privacy Gaps

129 papers

15.3% of this theme group

Research highlights anonymity and encryption weaknesses that expose DNS traffic to manipulation.

Anonymity (17) · Domain Name System (10) · Encryption (18) · Private network (8)

STING: A Stealthy Backdoor Attack on GNN-Based Malicious Domain Detection via DNS Perturbations

ANALYZING DNS TRAFFIC FOR ENHANCED NETWORK SECURITY AND PERFORMANCE

View research history
YearShare index
2022825.9
2023808.9
2024594.3
2025794.1
Machine‑Learning IDS Reliability IssuesCautions · 04

Machine‑Learning IDS Reliability Issues

126 papers

14.9% of this theme group

Analyses question the robustness of ML‑based intrusion detection against evolving attacks.

Intrusion detection system (119) · Intrusion (17) · Anomaly-based intrusion detection system (15) · Intrusion prevention system (14)

A Comprehensive Study on Machine Learning Algorithms for Intrusion Detection System

<b>Network Intrusion Detection Enhancement Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Literature Review</b>

View research history
YearShare index
2022204.6
2023223.9
2024223.9
2025387.7
Malware and Botnet Defense LimitsCautions · 05

Malware and Botnet Defense Limits

114 papers

13.5% of this theme group

Papers point out insufficient detection and containment strategies for sophisticated botnets.

Malware (28) · Honeypot (14) · Botnet (13) · Compromise (7)

Analysis of Reversible Network Covert Channels

Peer-to-Peer botnets: Analysis and defense

View research history
YearShare index
2022244.5
2023243.6
2024241.4
2025323.4
Application‑Layer DDoS Detection ChallengesCautions · 06

Application‑Layer DDoS Detection Challenges

76 papers

9.0% of this theme group

Works caution that current methods struggle to identify and mitigate high‑volume application attacks.

Denial-of-service attack (65) · Application layer DDoS attack (12) · Spoofing attack (13) · Computer security (23)

DDoS Attacks on Software Defined Network: Challenges and Issues

DDoSDet: An approach to Detect DDoS attacks using Neural Networks

View research history
YearShare index
2022187.9
2023180.9
2024144.9
2025186.4
Adversarial Machine‑Learning ThreatsCautions · 07

Adversarial Machine‑Learning Threats

70 papers

8.3% of this theme group

Research warns that adversarial techniques can undermine anomaly detection and other AI‑driven defenses.

Adversarial system (17) · Adversarial machine learning (7) · Transformative learning (5) · Anomaly detection (11)

Artificial intelligence in network security: Enhancing protection against cyber threats

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Finding Network Vulnerabilities

View research history
YearShare index
2022130.9
2023160.8
2024160.6
2025243.9

Opportunities

24,461 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Advanced Authentication and CryptographyOpportunities · 01

Advanced Authentication and Cryptography

1,401 papers

23.4% of this theme group

Opportunities focus on stronger authentication protocols and novel cryptographic schemes for secure networking.

Authentication (142) · Cryptography (104) · Firewall (165) · Computer network (187)

<i>MLSNet:</i> A Policy Complying Multilevel Security Framework for Software Defined Networking

Analisis Keamanan Protokol Secure Socket Layer (SSL) Terhadap Proses\n Sniffing di Jaringan

View research history
YearShare index
2022615.8
2023601.8
2024532.3
2025824.2
Feature‑Rich Intrusion DetectionOpportunities · 02

Feature‑Rich Intrusion Detection

1,291 papers

21.5% of this theme group

Studies explore data‑mining and feature‑selection methods to boost IDS accuracy and efficiency.

Intrusion detection system (1,254) · Intrusion (120) · Feature selection (123) · Data mining (180)

Review: Machine Learning-Based Network Intrusion Detection System for Enhanced Cyber-security

An Automated Intrusion Detection and Prevention Model for Enhanced Network Security and Threat Assessment

View research history
YearShare index
2022226.6
2023249.8
2024244.3
2025422.6
Security Information and Event ManagementOpportunities · 03

Security Information and Event Management

1,084 papers

18.1% of this theme group

Research promotes integrated SIEM frameworks for comprehensive threat assessment and response.

Network security (713) · Computer security (520) · Computer security model (93) · Security information and event management (68)

Research on Network Security Situation Assessment and Prediction

A Network Security Evaluation Model based on Common Criteria

View research history
YearShare index
2022282.7
2023303.3
2024271.7
2025364.5
Malware and Botnet Traffic AnalysisOpportunities · 04

Malware and Botnet Traffic Analysis

1,009 papers

16.8% of this theme group

Papers investigate profiling and machine‑learning techniques to uncover malicious network traffic patterns.

Malware (156) · Botnet (108) · Network security (232) · Network packet (104)

Entropy-based profiling of network traffic for detection of security attack

Network Security Threat Detection: Leveraging Machine Learning Algorithms for Effective Prediction

View research history
YearShare index
2022423.1
2023440.1
2024434.8
2025569.5
Anomaly‑Based Detection AdvancesOpportunities · 05

Anomaly‑Based Detection Advances

565 papers

9.4% of this theme group

Works highlight new anomaly detection algorithms that improve early warning capabilities.

Anomaly detection (392) · Anomaly-based intrusion detection system (198) · Intrusion detection system (379) · Anomaly (65)

Machine learning based network intrusion detection

Network Intrusion Detection System Using Anomaly Detection Techniques

View research history
YearShare index
2022245.0
2023273.5
2024288.9
2025500.6
Deep‑Learning DDoS MitigationOpportunities · 06

Deep‑Learning DDoS Mitigation

444 papers

7.4% of this theme group

Research demonstrates neural‑network approaches for identifying and blocking large‑scale denial‑of‑service attacks.

Denial-of-service attack (423) · Application layer DDoS attack (105) · Trinoo (42) · Network packet (94)

Towards Detecting Flooding DDOS Attacks Over Software Defined Networks Using Machine Learning Techniques

Detection of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Cyber Attacks through Deep Learning Neural Network

View research history
YearShare index
2022141.9
2023134.8
2024109.6
2025144.1
Honeypot and Deception TechniquesOpportunities · 07

Honeypot and Deception Techniques

206 papers

3.4% of this theme group

Studies present modern honeypot deployments to lure attackers and gather actionable intelligence.

Honeypot (203) · Computer security (106) · Deception (19) · Network security (79)

Implementation of a modern security systems honeypot Honey Network on wireless networks

Application of Honeypot Technology in Network Intrusion Detection System

View research history
YearShare index
2022237.5
2023265.0
2024249.9
2025316.7

How this field compares with the research baseline

Orientation shares compared with 25,000 papers in the reference sample.

Research orientationThis fieldReference sample
Promising36.5%36.9%
Breakthrough28.5%26.5%
Problem-identifying15.8%9.7%
Descriptive12.6%17.7%
Comparative4.0%3.9%
Cautionary2.3%4.5%
Critical0.4%0.9%

Concerns receiving less research attention

Counts and shares refer to the stated research pool. A low count describes how much of that research is recorded here, not the absence of a real-world concern.

Concern / example paperPapersShareRaised as a problemWorldwide share
Privacy & surveillanceFolk models of home computer security1,2613.39%540 (42.8%)3.39%
Safety & misuseAdversarial Examples Against the Deep Learning Based Network Intrusion Detection Systems3721.0%42 (11.3%)1.0%
Energy & datacenter footprintAI-Driven Green Computing for 6G Network: Improve User Experience and Security130.03%1 (7.7%)0.03%
Concentration of compute powerBuild the "Firewall" of University Network Ideology Security under the 5G Trend70.02%5 (71.4%)0.02%
Bias & fairnessApplication fairness in software defined networking40.01%1 (25.0%)0.01%
Hardware, e-waste & supply chainCryptographic Revolution™: The DARK HARVEST GHOST IN THE CODE: A 2017 Architectural Directive on System-Level Resiliency10.0%0 (0.0%)0.0%
Water use00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Carbon & emissions of compute00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Labour & data work00.0%0 (%)0.0%

Institution and researcher rankings use citations to their covered work. Research scope: worldwide. This may be broader than the company geography.

INNOVATION SIGNALS

Who files Cybersecurity patents in the United Kingdom

Published patent filings in the recorded source window.

Expand panel +
14,204filings 2016–2025
6,553assignees
1,850peak annual filings

Filing momentum

05321,0641,5962,1282016: 89320162017: 1,0072018: 1,11920182019: 1,4632020: 1,68820202021: 1,8502022: 1,60920222023: 1,7082024: 1,51520242025: 1,3522025

Who files the most

Advanced RISC MACH
2,003
IBM
1,485
British Telecomm
1,475
Sophos
750
NDS
403
Cirrus Logic INT Semiconductor
352
ARM IP
340
Imagination TECH
292
DEMAND, SUPPLY & PLACE

Where demand signals run ahead of mapped supply — the United Kingdom

Compare demand signals in the United Kingdom’s newsflow with the cybersecurity categories mapped to each signal.

Expand panel +
HOW TO READ THE GAP

Signal percentile − supply percentile = gap in percentile points. Positive gaps highlight questions to investigate. A high signal can reflect spending pressure or access friction, as well as potential demand.

The comparison is relative to the signal families on this page. A supply percentile of zero means the lowest relative reading, not zero companies. It is a prioritisation clue, not measured market size or unmet demand.

COMPARISON PERIOD2025-07-01 to 2026-07-01Against 2024-07-01 to 2025-07-01Explore the signals ↓

The opportunity, in one view

Signal and mapped-supply percentiles, their gap, and change in the signal’s article share.

Swipe horizontally to compare all columns →

5 the United Kingdom demand signals compared with mapped cybersecurity supply
Signal familySignal percentileSupply percentileRelative gapGap (points)Signal share vs prior year
Security incidents & breaches ↗Risk Pressure87.50.0+87.5+52.9%
Tech workforce shifts ↗Spending Pressure87.533.3+54.2+34.6%
Cloud & platform build-out ↗Infrastructure Shift37.566.7-29.2+29.4%
Open-source momentum ↗Ecosystem Signal0.0100.0-100.0+18.7%
Data & privacy regulation ↗Compliance Pressure37.5—No matching category—+19.3%

Showing all 5 signals. Select a family for its history and mapped categories.

Where the signals are loudest

All 12 city readings for these demand families in the comparison geography. the United Kingdom is highlighted.

Mentions per 10,000 articles

Each city’s reading is a share of its own coverage.

Wiltshire75.0

Cloud & platform build-out · Security incidents & breaches · Open-source momentum

Chungcheongbuk-Do49.0

Open-source momentum · Cloud & platform build-out · Security incidents & breaches

London47.5

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Bristol41.9

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches

Edinburgh41.6

Tech workforce shifts · Data & privacy regulation · Security incidents & breaches

Birmingham40.4

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches

Surrey39.6

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Kent36.0

Tech workforce shifts · Open-source momentum · Cloud & platform build-out

Lancashire35.5

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches

North Carolina34.6

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

England29.2

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Leeds26.9

Tech workforce shifts

Inside the leading signals

Open any signal for its quarterly history
RISK PRESSURESecurity incidents & breaches+87.5percentile-point gap
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Breach pressure can push security into every buying decision.

9.68mentions per 10,000 articles+52.9%share change vs prior year

Mapped cybersecurity categories

  • Anti Fraud Management165
  • Biometric Access Control133

Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.

Quarterly share of the United Kingdom coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

04913182024Q3: 82024Q32024Q4: 32024Q42025Q1: 42025Q12025Q2: 82025Q22025Q3: 152025Q32025Q4: 72025Q42026Q1: 52026Q12026Q2: 72026Q2
View quarterly signal counts
Security incidents & breaches in the United Kingdom coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q31808.13
2024Q4863.97
2025Q11204.75
2025Q21798.86
2025Q337215.37
2025Q41297.42
2026Q11115.6
2026Q2697.7

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

SPENDING PRESSURETech workforce shifts+54.2percentile-point gap
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Hiring, visa and layoff cycles can resize teams — per-seat budgets tend to follow.

21.34mentions per 10,000 articles+34.6%share change vs prior year

Mapped cybersecurity categories

  • Enterprise Communication153
  • Future Of Work143
  • Remote Work Tools115

Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.

Quarterly share of the United Kingdom coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

071420272024Q3: 152024Q32024Q4: 122024Q42025Q1: 172025Q12025Q2: 162025Q22025Q3: 232025Q32025Q4: 172025Q42026Q1: 212026Q12026Q2: 222026Q2
View quarterly signal counts
Tech workforce shifts in the United Kingdom coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q335015.81
2024Q427512.69
2025Q144917.76
2025Q234216.92
2025Q357323.67
2025Q429817.14
2026Q142521.43
2026Q220622.99

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

INFRASTRUCTURE SHIFTCloud & platform build-out-29.2percentile-point gap
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Cloud and platform build-out can multiply the pipelines and environments a team must manage.

3.64mentions per 10,000 articles+29.4%share change vs prior year

Mapped cybersecurity categories

  • Saas932
  • Fintech Saas100

Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.

Quarterly share of the United Kingdom coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

013462024Q3: 32024Q32024Q4: 32024Q42025Q1: 22025Q12025Q2: 22025Q22025Q3: 52025Q32025Q4: 32025Q42026Q1: 22026Q12026Q2: 32026Q2
View quarterly signal counts
Cloud & platform build-out in the United Kingdom coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q3743.34
2024Q4673.09
2025Q1552.18
2025Q2552.72
2025Q31215.0
2025Q4603.45
2026Q1412.07
2026Q2343.79

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

Wiltshire28.4 / 10,000
London8.3 / 10,000
ECOSYSTEM SIGNALOpen-source momentum-100.0percentile-point gap
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Open-source momentum can seed the commercial layer around the projects teams adopt.

2.27mentions per 10,000 articles+18.7%share change vs prior year

Mapped cybersecurity categories

  • Enterprise Software1,129

Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.

Quarterly share of the United Kingdom coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

012232024Q3: 22024Q32024Q4: 12024Q42025Q1: 12025Q12025Q2: 22025Q22025Q3: 22025Q32025Q4: 12025Q42026Q1: 22026Q12026Q2: 22026Q2
View quarterly signal counts
Open-source momentum in the United Kingdom coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q3572.57
2024Q4321.48
2025Q1411.62
2025Q2412.03
2025Q3692.85
2025Q4181.04
2026Q1542.72
2026Q2192.12

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

COMPLIANCE PRESSUREData & privacy regulation—supply not mapped
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Privacy rules can land as engineering requirements — consent, data handling and audit tooling follow.

5.11mentions per 10,000 articles+19.3%share change vs prior year

Mapped cybersecurity categories

This signal has no matching category in the page’s cybersecurity market map, so no supply percentile or gap is assigned.

Quarterly share of the United Kingdom coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

024572024Q3: 42024Q32024Q4: 22024Q42025Q1: 62025Q12025Q2: 32025Q22025Q3: 52025Q32025Q4: 42025Q42026Q1: 42026Q12026Q2: 62026Q2
View quarterly signal counts
Data & privacy regulation in the United Kingdom coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q31044.7
2024Q4462.12
2025Q11546.09
2025Q2793.91
2025Q31245.12
2025Q4824.72
2026Q1994.99
2026Q2556.14

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

London6.3 / 10,000
RESEARCH & CHANGING CONVERSATIONS

Related research and changing coverage

the United Kingdom cybersecurity coverage

Expand panel +

What is growing in this coverage

the United Kingdom coverage of this page's demand families

KeywordRecent articlesPrior articlesShare change
ai hardware483956.2%
ransomware-as-a-service11812321.7%
cloud infrastructure7899-0.0%

Share changes describe coverage in the stated comparison periods, not search demand or market size.

GEOGRAPHIC FOOTPRINT

Where companies are based

Company counts, hiring and disclosed funding across the recorded hubs.

Expand panel +
8 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

UNDERSTAND THE LANDSCAPE

Cybersecurity in the United Kingdom: key questions

Clear definitions for making better comparisons.

What does this landscape measure?

It measures the tracked company ecosystem, recorded funding, hiring and other available evidence. It is not a market-size estimate.

Can segment counts be added together?

No. A company can belong to several segments, so segment counts and funding can overlap.

What does a missing figure mean?

A dash or unavailable panel means the current reviewed source snapshot does not support that figure.

Company ecosystem snapshot: 31 August 2026. Funding is recorded in USD; filed accounts retain their stated currency and reporting basis. Each section identifies its own coverage. The news and research behind these sections is explorable in Prism.

Canonical landscape ↗
Coming soon