Radar Landscapes Electric Vehicles Landscape of the United States
Electric Vehicles industry in the United States — illustrated cover for the Electric Vehicles Landscape of the United States
Radar · Industry landscape · the United States

Electric Vehicles Landscape of the United States

2,174 Electric Vehicles companies in the United States, in one picture: who is hiring, who is raising money, who founded them, where they are based, what the news is about, which skills employers want and where the research is going. Updated August 2026.

2,174companies tracked
$80.6Bdisclosed funding
130hiring right now
2,779events · 24 months
143,227news articles · 12 months

Who leads Electric Vehicles in the United States

Shows the most prominent companies by hiring activity, funding, and media coverage, highlighting the 2,174 tracked firms and noting that 130 are hiring now while 446 have disclosed recent funding.

open roles
Hiring now
ranked by live open roles
  1. 01Joby Aviation11last posted Jun 2026
  2. 02Nuro11last posted Jul 2026
  3. 03Gotion11last posted Jun 2026
  4. 04Rivian11last posted Jun 2026
  5. 05Orange EV11last posted Jun 2026
  6. 06Club Car10last posted May 2026
  7. 07Slate Auto10last posted Jun 2026
  8. 08Harbinger Motors10last posted Jun 2026
130 companies hiring · 2 posted in the last 30 days
disclosed funding
Most funded
disclosed totals, all rounds
  1. 01Tesla$12.4BPost IPO · Feb 2024
  2. 02Rivian$11.8BPost IPO · Jun 2025
  3. 03BlueOval SK$9.2BConventional Debt · Jun 2023
  4. 04Faraday Future$4.2BPost IPO · Apr 2026
  5. 05Lucid$3.3BPost IPO · Apr 2026
  6. 06Nikola Motor$3.1BGrant (prize money) · May 2025
  7. 07Nuro$2.3BSeries E · Aug 2025
  8. 08BETA$1.8BGrant (prize money) · Oct 2025
446 companies with disclosed rounds · $80.6B total
revenue
Revenue leaders
official filings first, else latest snapshot
  1. 01tesla$22.4BFY2023 filing
  2. 02Rivian$1.4BFY2026 filing
  3. 03ChargePoint$411.2MFY2023 filing
  4. 04Lucid$282.5MFY2024 filing
  5. 05Fisker$272.9MFY2023 filing
  6. 06LMP Motors$141.4MFY2019 filing
  7. 07Microvast$123.3MFY2024 filing
  8. 08Proterra$86.1MFY2022 filing
33 companies with a revenue figure
headcount
Largest teams
ranked by tracked headcount
  1. 01tesla127,855tracked employees
  2. 02Rivian16,790tracked employees
  3. 03Lucid6,500tracked employees
  4. 04Modine3,253tracked employees
  5. 05time manufacturing2,600tracked employees
  6. 06Microvast2,006tracked employees
  7. 07Joby Aviation1,777tracked employees
  8. 08ChargePoint1,650tracked employees
152 companies with headcount data
share of events
Share of voice
share of all tracked sector news events, 24 months
  1. 01tesla38.0%1,850 tracked events
  2. 02Rivian12.5%607 tracked events
  3. 03Joby Aviation6.4%310 tracked events
  4. 04Archer4.2%205 tracked events
  5. 05Lucid2.4%118 tracked events
  6. 06Surf Air2.0%96 tracked events
  7. 07Workhorse Group1.4%69 tracked events
  8. 08Blink Charging1.4%68 tracked events
4,873 tracked events across 149 companies
articles
In the news
Prism news coverage, last 12 months
  1. 01IBC820articles in the window
  2. 02Joby Aviation791articles in the window
  3. 03Rivian488articles in the window
  4. 04Nuro447articles in the window
  5. 05QuantumScape441articles in the window
  6. 06ChargePoint416articles in the window
  7. 07OjO315articles in the window
  8. 08Faraday Future269articles in the window
159 of these companies drew sector coverage in the window
Radar

See all 2,174 Electric Vehicles companies in the United States

Filter by funding, headcount, hiring and location, and export the list.

How the Electric Vehicles ecosystem in the United States grew, 2016–2025

Displays the annual count of new companies founded from 2016 to 2025, with the highest number, 169, occurring in 2020 and only seven founded in 2025.

Companies founded / year
new Electric Vehicles companies in the United States
2016: 1162017: 1232018: 1382019: 1502020: 1692021: 1652022: 1332023: 1262024: 622025: 7
20162025
peak 169 in 2020
Companies raising / year
with a disclosed round that year
20162025
peak 115 in 2022
Disclosed funding / year
sum of disclosed rounds (USD)
2016: 2,706,544,2072017: 6,045,141,2732018: 5,350,213,4022019: 6,901,920,0322020: 13,715,669,4242021: 10,213,425,5742022: 5,819,519,7542023: 11,724,533,3562024: 3,037,506,5222025: 6,924,468,551
20162025
peak $13.7B in 2020

Where Electric Vehicles companies in the United States are based

Lists the cities with the greatest concentration of electric‑vehicle firms, led by Los Angeles (99), San Francisco (93), and New York City (80).

Los Angeles skyline — Electric Vehicles hub in the United States
Hub 01
Los Angeles
99 Electric Vehicles companies
24% of the Electric Vehicles companies across these hubs
99companies
$6.4Bdisclosed funding
5hiring now
Photo Wikipedia · Los Angeles · CC BY-SA 4.0
San Francisco skyline — Electric Vehicles hub in the United States
Hub 02
San Francisco
93 Electric Vehicles companies
23% of the Electric Vehicles companies across these hubs
93companies
$4.9Bdisclosed funding
18hiring now
Photo Wikipedia · San Francisco · CC BY-SA 4.0
New York City skyline — Electric Vehicles hub in the United States
Hub 03
New York City
80 Electric Vehicles companies
20% of the Electric Vehicles companies across these hubs
80companies
$606Mdisclosed funding
2hiring now
Photo Wikipedia · New York City · CC BY-SA 4.0
Seattle skyline — Electric Vehicles hub in the United States
Hub 04
Seattle
32 Electric Vehicles companies
8% of the Electric Vehicles companies across these hubs
32companies
$470Mdisclosed funding
1hiring now
Photo Wikipedia · Seattle · CC BY-SA 4.0
San Diego skyline — Electric Vehicles hub in the United States
Hub 05
San Diego
28 Electric Vehicles companies
7% of the Electric Vehicles companies across these hubs
28companies
$268.3Mdisclosed funding
1hiring now
Photo Wikipedia · San Diego · CC BY-SA 4.0
Irvine, a Electric Vehicles hub in the United States
Hub 06
Irvine
26 Electric Vehicles companies
6% of the Electric Vehicles companies across these hubs
26companies
$12.1Bdisclosed funding
4hiring now
generated artwork
Austin, a Electric Vehicles hub in the United States
Hub 07
Austin
25 Electric Vehicles companies
6% of the Electric Vehicles companies across these hubs
25companies
$13Bdisclosed funding
3hiring now
generated artwork
Brooklyn skyline — Electric Vehicles hub in the United States
Hub 08
Brooklyn
24 Electric Vehicles companies
6% of the Electric Vehicles companies across these hubs
24companies
$279.9Mdisclosed funding
1hiring now
Photo Wikipedia · Brooklyn · CC BY-SA 4.0

The Electric Vehicles market map of the United States: what these companies actually do

Breaks down the product sub‑categories and revenue models, showing green transport as the largest sub‑category and physical commerce as the most common revenue model.

  • Green Transport1,829 companies · $74.3B raised · 115 hiring
  • Consumer Digital1,250 companies · $36.1B raised · 55 hiring
  • Enterprise Tech935 companies · $50.6B raised · 84 hiring
  • Deep Tech698 companies · $29.4B raised · 58 hiring
  • Electric Vehicle Charging554 companies · $6.6B raised · 33 hiring
  • Online Rental191 companies · $4.4B raised · 5 hiring
  • Shared Mobility162 companies · $4.1B raised · 5 hiring
  • Enterprise Software115 companies · $1.8B raised · 9 hiring
  • Internet of Vehicles101 companies · $5B raised · 14 hiring
  • Electric Two Wheeler Rentals100 companies · $1.5B raised · 3 hiring
  • Electric Aircraft88 companies · $6.8B raised · 14 hiring
  • SaaS78 companies · $3.1B raised · 10 hiring

Monetization

How Electric Vehicles companies make money

How many companies earn revenue each way. Plenty use more than one model, so the counts add up to more than the sector.

Physical Commerce1,235
E-Commerce - Product1,083
Commission on Transaction480
Subscription467
Fee-For-Service227
E-Commerce - Service198
Advertising111
Renting / Leasing69

Funding, M&A and the deals moving Electric Vehicles in the United States

Counts 2,779 corporate events over the past two years, including announcements, earnings releases, contracts, key‑person changes, and funding rounds.

Announcement 749Earnings 466Contracts 302Leadership 273Funding 207Lawsuit 149Assets 130Jobs 114M&A 107Regulatory 84
  • FundingRivian has renegotiated its Department of Energy loan for its upcoming Georgia plant from US$6.57bn down to just US$4.5bn, consolidating what had been a two-phase funding structure into a single tranche to be drawn in early 2027.2026-05-01
  • M&AIn April 2026, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire an AI hardware company for up to $2.00 billion in Tesla common stock and equity awards, of which approximately $1.8 billion is subject to certain service conditions and/or performance milestones dependent on the successful deployment of the company’ s technology.2026-04-23
  • FundingThe gross proceeds to the Company from the offering were approximately $15 million , before deducting financial advisor's fees and other offering expenses payable by the Company.2026-04-21
  • FundingFaraday Future announced it has secured $45 million in financing through an agreement with a U.S. institutional investor.2026-04-20
  • FundingGlydways has now raised a total of $382.5M in total equity funding and is backed by ACS Group Directory, Gates Frontier Fund, Khosla Ventures, Mitsui Chemicals, and Obayashi Corporation.2026-04-18
  • M&AGenerali Powszechne Towarzystwo Emerytalne acquired a new stake in Archer Aviation Inc. (NYSE:ACHR – Free Report) during the fourth quarter, according to the company in its most recent 13F filing with the Securities & Exchange Commission.2026-04-16
  • M&ACaterpillar Inc. has acquired self-driving electric tractor startup Monarch Tractor, according to people familiar with the matter.2026-04-14
  • FundingHarbinger Motors, which makes electric chassis for commercial fleet vehicles, managed to raise funds in November from companies including FedEx Corp. and RV maker Thor Industries Inc.2026-04-14
  • FundingScalvy - $13.9M2026-03-30
  • FundingArc Boats has now raised a total of $150.0M in total equity funding and is backed by Andreessen Horowitz, Eclipse Ventures, Lowercarbon Capital, Menlo Ventures, Necessary Ventures, and Offline Ventures.2026-03-23

Mergers and acquisitions

Deals from the last 24 months where a Electric Vehicles company in the United States was the buyer or the one bought, newest first. “Undisclosed” means the price was never published — not that the deal was worth nothing.

AcquirerTargetDeal valueStatusDate
Hon Hai Technology GroupLordstown MotorsundisclosedAnnounced2026-05-11
teslaNa$2BAnnounced2026-04-26
teslaNa$2BAnnounced2026-04-23
electreonInductEVundisclosedCompleted2026-04-22
honeywellLi-ion Tamerundisclosed2026-04-20
caterpillarMonarch TractorundisclosedRumored2026-04-19

Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work

Details specific event types such as IPO filings, leadership changes, product launches, and contract wins for the tracked companies.

IPO pipeline
15 companies listed or filing · last 24 months
  • RivianIPO · NASDAQ · RIVN · 7 reportsMay 2026
  • Blink ChargingFollow-on Offering · NASDAQ · BLNK · 4 reportsDec 2025
  • Aptera MotorsDirect Listing · Nasdaq · SEV · 3 reportsNov 2025
  • Flux PowerOFS · Nasdaq · FLUX · 1 reportOct 2025
  • Joby AviationIPO · NYSE · JOBY · 7 reportsOct 2025
  • WindroseIPO · 1 reportSep 2025
  • HyliionSPAC · New York Stock Exchange · 1 reportAug 2025
  • Nikola MotorSPAC · Nasdaq · NKLA · 4 reportsJul 2025
Leadership moves
80 tracked people moves · last 12 months
  • Scoot NetworksVinod Kannan · Appointment → Chief Commercial OfficerMay 2026
  • Joby AviationDidier Papadopoulos · Resignation — was President of Aircraft OperationsApr 2026
  • IBCTim Banham · Appointment → Chief Commercial OfficerApr 2026
  • Pajarito PowderChristian Mohrdieck · Appointment → Chief Executive OfficerApr 2026
  • LightshipMark Roberts · Appointment → Chief Executive of the Chartering ArmApr 2026
  • teslaAlan Clarke · Appointment → Vice President of Advanced Development ProjectsApr 2026
  • LucidSilvio Napoli · Appointment → Chief Executive OfficerApr 2026
  • LightshipSune Fladberg · Appointment → Vice Chairman of the Executive BoardApr 2026
Product launches
tracked launches · last 12 months
  • ProterraOnyx battery platform (Battery platform)May 2026
  • teslaModel YL (Electric SUV)Apr 2026
  • teslaFull Self-Driving (FSD) driver assistance system subscription (Driver assistance)Apr 2026
  • WindrosePlug&Charge feature (Charging)Mar 2026
  • ChargerGoGoGoGoSpark AI platform (AI-powered business platform)Jan 2026
  • Scoot NetworksSingapore-Palembang direct flight (Flight route)Jan 2026
  • Joby AviationS4 air taxi (VTOL aircraft)Nov 2025
  • ChargePointChargePoint Platform (EV charging software)Nov 2025
Contract wins
172 customer wins · last 24 months
Workforce actions
19 companies cutting roles · last 24 months
  • Skipscale undisclosed · cost reductionApr 2026
  • Monarch Tractor~10% of workforce reported · cost reductionApr 2026
  • tesla~4,000 roles reported · cost reductionApr 2026
  • BlueOval SK~10% of workforce reported · cost reductionMar 2026
  • Lucid~12% of workforce reported · cost reductionMar 2026
  • Rivian~4% of workforce reported · business downturnFeb 2026
Regulatory & litigation
90 regulatory events · 35 tracked suits · 24 months
  • teslafined for alleged late disclosure of share purchases — Securities and Exchange CommissionMay 2026
  • teslarequirement to include \'assisted\' in branding — China state regulatory bodiesApr 2026
  • teslaapproved for release — NetherlandsApr 2026
  • teslacompliance achieved — China auto industry bodyApr 2026
  • Tesla shareholders v teslashareholder lawsuitApr 2026
  • N, A v teslashareholder lawsuit over compensation package · AppealApr 2026
Earnings pulse
companies reporting results · last 24 months
39 companies reporting519 company-quarters trackedbeat 104miss 78in line 8

Half of these companies grew revenue faster than +5.0%, half slower.

Who is building Electric Vehicles in the United States

Profiles 1,204 founders and CEOs across 883 firms, noting top alma maters and previous employers like MIT, Stanford, Google, and Microsoft.

Founders and chief executives12 of 1,204, from the best-funded companies on this page
Elon Musk
Co-Founder & CEO
Elon Musk

Co-Founder SpaceX, Neuralink & The Boring, ex-Co-Founder PayPal.

Matthias Aydt
Global CEO
Matthias Aydt

Ex- Qoros Auto, Magna Steyr. Ulm University of Applied Sciences 1982

Bernard Tse
CEO
Bernard Tse

CEO Atieva, ex-Tesla Motors, CEO Lumina Office Products. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Dave Ferguson
Co-Founder & Co-CEO
Dave Ferguson

Ex-Google, Two Sigma · University of Otago BSc 2001, Carnegie Mellon University MS 2006

Brad Bao
Co-Founder
Brad Bao

Ex-Kinzon Capital, Tencent, NORICT Beijing, IBM. University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business MBA 2005

Brett Adcock
Co-Founder
Brett Adcock

Founder Cover, Archer, ex-Vettery, Various Startups. University of Florida 2008

Joeben Bevirt
Founder & CEO
Joeben Bevirt

Ex-Founder Joby, Co-Founder & CEO Velocity11, Incyte. University of California BS 1995, Stanford University 1997

Henrik Fisker
Co-Founder & CEO
Henrik Fisker

Ex-Founder VLF Automotive, McKinsey, BMW. Arts Centre College of Design BS 1989

Ethan Goldsmith
Co-Founder / Current Board Observer
Ethan Goldsmith

Wunder, ex-Cyrus Capital Partners, ex-Rivian Automotive, University of Michigan - Stephen M. Ross School of Business, 2013

Rick Wilmer
CEO
Rick Wilmer

Ex-DoorDash, Chowbotics, Arista Networks, Mojo Networks. UC Berkeley BS

Christopher Bailey
CEO
Christopher Bailey

Ex-Hubbell, Hubbell Lighting, David Cash & Associates. Middle Tennessee State University BS

Christina Lampe
Ex- Co-Founder
Christina Lampe

Cadenza Innovation, Livent, Ex- World Economic Forum, Syrah Resources, Bridgewater Associates, rthur D Little. Uppsala University BSc, PhD…

Where the founders studied
alma mater on record for 172 of 1,204 founders
Massachusetts Institute of Technology25
Stanford University25
University of California (Berkeley)24
Harvard University15
Columbia University10
Harvard Business School10
Duke University9
Cornell University8
Where they worked before
a previous employer on record for 43 of 1,204 founders
Google9
McKinsey8
Microsoft7
Amazon7
Uber5
Apple4
Intel3
Goldman Sachs2
Founders flagged as repeat founders
of 939 founders with a profile on this page
8
carry a repeat-founder flag
  • flagged as repeat founders8
  • no repeat-founder flag931
Women and men among the founders
first names matched for 1,104 of 1,204 founders
7%
of matched founders are women
  • women74
  • men1,030
Inferred from first names, using 119 million people who state their own gender: a first name counts only where at least 20 of them share it and at least 90% of those share the same gender. The other 100 founders go in neither column.
Radar

Look up the people behind Electric Vehicles companies in the United States

Search founders, executives and operators by company, role and location.

Who funds Electric Vehicles in the United States

Summarizes 1,337 funding rounds since 2016 from 1,211 investors, with a typical round size of $5 million.

Investor · most active investors since 2016RoundsLedLatest
Y Combinator2914Jan 2026
OSTI29Oct 2025
Climate Capital2012Mar 2026
Europa19Jan 2024
Fidelity Investments187Apr 2025
Techstars146Mar 2024
Andreessen Horowitz135Mar 2026
Breakthrough Energy134Jan 2026
Capricorn124Nov 2025
Coatue123Feb 2023
Stage mix · rounds since 2016
Seed & Angel382
Series A–B395
Series C+ / PE185
Grants, debt & other375

The typical round is $5M — half were bigger, half smaller.

The biggest Electric Vehicles funding rounds in the United States

Highlights the largest disclosed round—Rivian’s $2.6 billion Series E—and lists ten other major recent funding events.

CompanyRoundSizeWhenBackers
RivianSeries Emega-round$2.6BJan 2021T. Rowe Price, Coatue, Fidelity Investments +1 more
RivianSeries Emega-round$2.5BJul 2021The Climate Pledge, Ford, T. Rowe Price +4 more
RivianSeries Emega-round$2.5BJul 2020T. Rowe Price, Coatue, Amazon +3 more
RivianSeries Dmega-round$1.3BDec 2019T. Rowe Price, Ford, BlackRock +1 more
LucidSeries Dmega-round$1BSep 2018Public Investment Fund
TeraWattSeries Amega-round$1BSep 2022Vision Ridge Partners, Keyframe, Cyrus Capital Partners
NuroSeries Bmega-round$940MFeb 2019SoftBank Vision Fund
RivianSeries Cmega-round$700MFeb 2019Amazon, General Motors
Slate AutoSeries Cmega-round$650MApr 2026TWG Global
NuroSeries Dmega-round$600MNov 2021Tiger Global Management, Baillie Gifford, Fidelity Investments +7 more
Venture round sizes · 2023–2025
<$1M49
$1–10M74
$10–50M49
$50–250M24
>$250M4

200 venture rounds with a disclosed amount in the window.

Fresh cheques · last 6 months

What the news says about Electric Vehicles in the United States

Counts 143,227 news articles in the last year, focusing on EV technology, market trends, and charging infrastructure.

News volume
Electric Vehicles coverage across United States · articles per quarter
2021Q2: 25,0462021Q3: 26,9072021Q4: 25,7292022Q1: 29,0972022Q2: 32,0962022Q3: 30,2562022Q4: 31,6602023Q1: 34,0072023Q2: 33,5522023Q3: 36,6132023Q4: 35,2062024Q1: 38,0642024Q2: 37,9462024Q3: 43,4472024Q4: 37,3242025Q1: 51,9822025Q2: 35,8032025Q3: 43,3152025Q4: 29,6482026Q1: 36,813
2021Q22026Q1
peak 51,982 in 2025Q1 · 143,227 articles in the last 12 tracked months
Tone of coverage
share of articles by dominant sentiment (positive / neutral / negative)
202120232025
Positive-tone share moved 72% → 66%, negative 27% → 33% across 2021–2025.

What the coverage is about

The subjects that dominate Electric Vehicles news in United States. The arrow shows whether each one is being written about more or less than a year ago.

  • Electric vehicle (ev) technology and innovations30,077▲+11%
  • Electric vehicle (ev) technology18,387→-8%
  • Automotive industry market trends15,533▼-28%
  • Electric vehicle charging infrastructure13,563→-10%
  • Ev charging station network expansion11,338→-8%
  • New product launches and innovations10,412→+9%
  • Government incentives for alternative fuel vehicles8,705▲+22%
  • Tesla motors stock performance & financial reports8,482▼-17%
  • Alternative fuel vehicle technologies8,310→-5%
  • Hybrid vehicle development7,782→+2%
Most-covered companies · last 12 months

159 Electric Vehicles companies here were named in the news over this period.

Prism

Watch Electric Vehicles coverage in United States as it happens

Prism follows these subjects story by story — which companies are named, what is said about them and how the tone moves.

Momentum

The words getting louder — and quieter

Which terms are showing up in more stories than a year ago, and which are fading. The percentage is the change in how many articles mention them.

tesla autopilot+51%luxury yachts+192%yacht amenities+212%yacht interiors+242%sport yachts+198%flybridge yachts+213%robotic taxi service+102%kia fuel economy+578%yacht helipads+338%luxury cabin cruisers+401%
tariff negotiations-74%hydrogen vehicle prototypes-52%tesla truck-64%preferential tariff-65%hydrogen powertrain control-48%

The pressures the press keeps returning to

Three recurring angles in United States Electric Vehicles coverage, and whether each is getting more attention year on year (through 2025).

Regulatory Risk ▲ rising
118,411 articles touch this dimension · 48.6% critical tone
20212025
signals: tesla autopilot, tesla vision, ev powertrain advancements
Funding Momentum ▲ rising
31,288 articles touch this dimension · 48.6% critical tone
20212025
signals: charging corridor development, dc fast-charging deployment, next-generation ev platforms
Growth ▲ rising
79,421 articles touch this dimension · 39.9% critical tone
20212025
signals: dc fast-charging deployment, charging corridor development, vehicle sales forecasts

Electric Vehicles jobs in the United States: who is hiring and what they ask for

Reports 4,784 job postings from 221 employers in 12 months, with median pay of $112 k and top skills including Python and SQL.

4,784postings · last 12 months
7,848postings tracked overall
221employers advertising
$112kmedian advertised salary/yr (n=871)

Demand

The Skills Employers Ask For

What Electric Vehicles employers in the United States put in their job ads. The bar is how many postings ask for it; the arrow shows whether demand grew or shrank against the year before.

  • python182
  • sql144
  • excel142
  • typescript130
  • react119
  • aws85
  • ai82
  • mechanical engineering71
  • cad69
  • c++69
What level are these roles?
Entry153
Intern98
Senior803
Lead176
Manager908
What they pay, by level
  • Manager$115k/yr (n=99)
  • Senior$138k/yr (n=93)
Most advertised titles
  • Client Success Associate (Entry Level, Remote)97
  • Client Success Expert (Remote)84
  • Chief Financial Officer (Cfo)80
  • Customer Success Manager31
  • Sales Engineer27
  • Personal Auto Underwriter24

What Electric Vehicles research in the United States is working on

Shows 5,554 papers from India‑affiliated institutions, with most addressing opportunities, followed by common problems and cautions.

How this field talks about itself
United States-affiliated Electric Vehicles papers (gold) against all published research (grey)
Promising47.1% · 37.3%1.3×
Breakthrough19.0% · 26.6%0.7×
Descriptive11.5% · 17.5%0.7×
Problem-identifying9.7% · 9.4%≈ par
Comparative6.9% · 3.9%1.8×
Cautionary5.0% · 4.3%1.2×
How the work is done
Methods-led60.9%
Empirical29.3%
Reviews6.9%
Position pieces2.3%
Theoretical0.5%
How the research reads

94% positive · 2% neutral · 3% negative, across 5,554 papers.

The institutions doing the work · United States
  • Illinois Institute of Technology12k
  • Argonne National Laboratory9k
  • University of California, Berkeley9k
  • University of Michigan–Ann Arbor7k
  • The Ohio State University6k
  • University of Michigan–Dearborn6k

ranked by how often their work is cited

Leading researchers · United States-affiliated work

Chris Mı · Alireza Khaligh · Ali Emadi · Eric Sortomme · Scott Moura · Siqi Li · Srdjan Lukic · Xiao Hu

The most-cited breakthroughs
  • A New Battery/UltraCapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric, Hybrid, and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles · 1k cites
  • Optimal decentralized protocol for electric vehicle charging · 979 cites
  • Classification and Review of Control Strategies for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles · 686 cites
  • Flexible Charging Optimization for Electric Vehicles Considering Distribution Grid Constraints · 556 cites
  • Advanced Integrated Bidirectional AC/DC and DC/DC Converter for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles · 471 cites
Common problems researchers identify1,089 papers · 7 recurring themes
Emissions and Incentive Challenges — Common problems researchers identify
Problems · theme 01
Emissions and Incentive Challenges
222 papers · 20.4% of this block
2022: 772 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 832 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 735 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 852 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 772 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 832 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 735 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 852 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▲ +10% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Researchers highlight greenhouse‑gas impacts and policy incentives as key obstacles to wider EV adoption.
Electric vehicle · Greenhouse gas · Incentive · Environmental economics
“Vehicle Electrification: Status and Issues”
222 of these papers raise it as a problem
Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration — Common problems researchers identify
Problems · theme 02
Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration
203 papers · 18.6% of this block
2022: 1,109 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 1,145 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 944 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,119 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 1,109 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 1,145 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 944 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,119 of every 10,000 papers on this subject→ +1% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Studies point to technical and operational difficulties in deploying charging stations within existing power networks.
Electric vehicle · Grid · Charging station · Software deployment
“A Comprehensive Review on Structural Topologies, Power Levels, Energy Storage Systems, and Standards for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations ”
203 of these papers raise it as a problem
Battery Material Degradation — Common problems researchers identify
Problems · theme 03
Battery Material Degradation
142 papers · 13.0% of this block
2022: 1,066 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 1,010 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 892 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 990 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 1,066 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 1,010 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 892 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 990 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -7% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Work focuses on cathode, anode and electrolyte chemistry that limit battery lifespan and performance.
Cathode · Anode · Electrolyte · Electrochemistry
“High‐Capacity Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Choice of Elements and Structures for Active Particles”
142 of these papers raise it as a problem
Power‑Electronics System Constraints — Common problems researchers identify
Problems · theme 04
Power‑Electronics System Constraints
141 papers · 12.9% of this block
2022: 661 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 645 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 391 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 521 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 661 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 645 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 391 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 521 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -21% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Authors identify bottlenecks in power‑electronics design that affect efficiency and reliability of EV systems.
Power electronics · Electronics · Electric power system · Power
“Evolving and Emerging Applications of Power Electronics in Systems”
141 of these papers raise it as a problem
Wide‑Bandgap Semiconductor Limits — Common problems researchers identify
Problems · theme 05
Wide‑Bandgap Semiconductor Limits
137 papers · 12.6% of this block
2022: 182 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 202 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 152 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 202 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 182 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 202 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 152 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 202 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▲ +12% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Research flags material and thermal challenges of silicon‑carbide devices for high‑efficiency converters.
Power semiconductor device · Power electronics · Silicon carbide · Electronics
“High-Density Power Conversion and Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Power Electronics Switching Devices”
137 of these papers raise it as a problem
Vehicle‑Level Battery Integration — Common problems researchers identify
Problems · theme 06
Vehicle‑Level Battery Integration
125 papers · 11.5% of this block
2022: 4,310 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 4,331 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 4,098 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 2,697 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 4,310 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 4,331 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 4,098 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 2,697 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -37% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Papers discuss engineering hurdles in fitting batteries into automotive platforms and managing their performance.
Battery · Automotive engineering · Electric vehicle · Battery electric vehicle
“Electric Drive Technology Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities for Future Electric Vehicles”
125 of these papers raise it as a problem
Thermal Runaway and Safety Risks — Common problems researchers identify
Problems · theme 07
Thermal Runaway and Safety Risks
119 papers · 10.9% of this block
2022: 294 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 279 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 278 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 232 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 294 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 279 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 278 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 232 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -21% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Investigations address safety concerns arising from lithium‑ion battery heating and failure modes.
Lithium-ion battery · Battery · Lithium · Thermal runaway
“A survey of long-term health modeling, estimation, and control of Lithium-ion batteries: Challenges and opportunities”
119 of these papers raise it as a problem
Cautions527 papers · 7 recurring themes
Charging Strategies and Grid Impact — Cautions
Cautions · theme 01
Charging Strategies and Grid Impact
141 papers · 26.8% of this block
2022: 4,544 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 4,569 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 4,265 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 2,970 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 4,544 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 4,569 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 4,265 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 2,970 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -35% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Authors urge careful scheduling of EV charging to avoid adverse effects on grid stability and battery health.
Electric vehicle · Automotive engineering · Grid · Battery
“Optimal scheduling of electric vehicle charging and vehicle‐to‐grid services at household level including battery degradation and price unce”
141 of these papers raise it as a problem
Semiconductor Device Stability Issues — Cautions
Cautions · theme 02
Semiconductor Device Stability Issues
90 papers · 17.1% of this block
2022: 261 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 277 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 215 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 273 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 261 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 277 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 215 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 273 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▲ +5% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Studies caution about reliability and control challenges when using wide‑bandgap power devices in drives.
Power electronics · Electronics · Silicon carbide · Power semiconductor device
“Wide Bandgap Devices in AC Electric Drives: Opportunities and Challenges”
90 of these papers raise it as a problem
Economic Viability of Incentives — Cautions
Cautions · theme 03
Economic Viability of Incentives
79 papers · 15.0% of this block
2022: 672 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 730 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 672 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 795 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 672 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 730 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 672 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 795 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▲ +18% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Research questions the cost‑effectiveness of subsidies and their long‑term impact on emissions.
Electric vehicle · Incentive · Subsidy · Revenue
“Environmental and economic impact of electric vehicle adoption in the U.S”
79 of these papers raise it as a problem
Cathode Degradation Mechanisms — Cautions
Cautions · theme 04
Cathode Degradation Mechanisms
73 papers · 13.9% of this block
2022: 1,509 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 1,449 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 1,392 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,409 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 1,509 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 1,449 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 1,392 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,409 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -7% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Papers highlight hidden structural decay in high‑energy cathodes that threatens battery longevity.
Cathode · Electrolyte · Electrode · Electrochemistry
“Structural Degradation of High Voltage Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Cathodes in Solid-State Batteries and Implications for Ne”
73 of these papers raise it as a problem
Thermal Response of Battery Cells — Cautions
Cautions · theme 05
Thermal Response of Battery Cells
52 papers · 9.9% of this block
2022: 292 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 283 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 281 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 256 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 292 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 283 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 281 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 256 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -12% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Analyses warn that electrode structure strongly influences thermal behavior under varied driving conditions.
Battery · Lithium-ion battery · Thermal runaway · Lithium
“The Influence of Structure on the Electrochemical and Thermal Response of Li-Ion Battery Electrodes”
52 of these papers raise it as a problem
Fast‑Charge Material Trade‑offs — Cautions
Cautions · theme 06
Fast‑Charge Material Trade‑offs
48 papers · 9.1% of this block
2022: 494 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 461 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 392 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 424 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 494 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 461 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 392 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 424 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -14% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Researchers note that materials enabling rapid charging may compromise cycle life or safety.
Anode · Lithium · Silicon · Electrolyte
“Assessing the Impact of Electrode Structure on the Fast Charge Performance of Lithium-ion Batteries”
48 of these papers raise it as a problem
Life‑Cycle Emissions Uncertainty — Cautions
Cautions · theme 07
Life‑Cycle Emissions Uncertainty
44 papers · 8.3% of this block
2022: 4,085 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 4,084 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 3,835 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 2,189 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 4,085 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 4,084 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 3,835 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 2,189 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -46% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Studies caution that full‑life greenhouse‑gas assessments for EVs remain uncertain and context‑dependent.
Greenhouse gas · Driving cycle · Automotive engineering · Fuel efficiency
“Should India Move toward Vehicle Electrification? Assessing Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas and Criteria Air Pollutant Emissions of Alternative an”
44 of these papers raise it as a problem
Opportunities8,727 papers · 7 recurring themes
Optimized Charging and Grid Scheduling — Opportunities
Opportunities · theme 01
Optimized Charging and Grid Scheduling
1,173 papers · 19.6% of this block
2022: 1,109 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 1,145 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 944 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,119 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 1,109 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 1,145 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 944 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,119 of every 10,000 papers on this subject→ +1% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Opportunities focus on algorithms that balance EV charging demand with distribution network constraints.
Electric vehicle · Charging station · Grid · Scheduling
“Flexible Charging Optimization for Electric Vehicles Considering Distribution Grid Constraints”
Advanced Power‑train Energy Management — Opportunities
Opportunities · theme 02
Advanced Power‑train Energy Management
1,089 papers · 18.1% of this block
2022: 4,301 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 4,324 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 4,082 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 2,714 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 4,301 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 4,324 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 4,082 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 2,714 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -37% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Research proposes sophisticated control frameworks for hybrid and electric powertrains to boost efficiency.
Automotive engineering · Powertrain · Electric vehicle · Driving cycle
“Accurate and Efficient Energy Management System of Fuel Cell/Battery/Supercapacitor/AC and DC Generators Hybrid Electric Vehicles”
High‑Power SiC Inverter Designs — Opportunities
Opportunities · theme 03
High‑Power SiC Inverter Designs
857 papers · 14.3% of this block
2022: 3,733 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 3,724 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 2,995 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,865 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 3,733 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 3,724 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 2,995 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,865 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -50% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Innovations target multilevel silicon‑carbide converters for higher power density and efficiency.
Inverter · Converters · Electrical engineering · Silicon carbide
“A Megawatt-Scale Medium-Voltage High Efficiency High Power Density “SiC+Si” Hybrid Three-Level ANPC Inverter for Aircraft Hybrid-Electric Pr”
Next‑Generation Electrolytes and Cathodes — Opportunities
Opportunities · theme 04
Next‑Generation Electrolytes and Cathodes
838 papers · 14.0% of this block
2022: 896 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 837 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 731 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 813 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 896 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 837 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 731 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 813 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -9% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Papers explore novel electrolyte chemistries that stabilize high‑voltage cathodes for greater energy density.
Electrolyte · Cathode · Lithium · Electrochemistry
“Simultaneous Stabilization of Lithium Anode and Cathode using Hyperconjugative Electrolytes for High‐voltage Lithium Metal Batteries”
Thermal‑Efficient Power‑Electronics — Opportunities
Opportunities · theme 05
Thermal‑Efficient Power‑Electronics
743 papers · 12.4% of this block
2022: 3,676 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 3,673 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 2,972 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,679 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 3,676 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 3,673 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 2,972 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 1,679 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -54% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Advances aim to improve cooling and material choices to raise power‑electronics sustainability.
Power electronics · Electronics · Electrical engineering · Power
“Power Electronics Innovations: Improving Efficiency and Sustainability in Energy Systems”
Graphene‑Based High‑Performance Anodes — Opportunities
Opportunities · theme 06
Graphene‑Based High‑Performance Anodes
699 papers · 11.7% of this block
2022: 595 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 545 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 466 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 505 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 595 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 545 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 466 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 505 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -15% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Studies highlight graphene and silicon composites that enhance lithium‑ion battery capacity and rate capability.
Anode · Lithium · Graphene · Silicon
“Hybridization of graphene nanosheets and carbon-coated hollow Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles as a high-performance anode material”
Data‑Driven Battery State Estimation — Opportunities
Opportunities · theme 07
Data‑Driven Battery State Estimation
601 papers · 10.0% of this block
2022: 410 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 407 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 337 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 338 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2022: 410 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2023: 407 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2024: 337 of every 10,000 papers on this subject2025: 338 of every 10,000 papers on this subject▼ -18% share2022→2025 share of research on this subject
Research leverages machine learning to improve charge‑state prediction and degradation modeling for EV batteries.
Battery · Lithium-ion battery · State of charge · Lithium
“Modeling Lithium Ion battery degradation in electric vehicles”

Which of these themes are growing fastest

Tracks how the share of research themes has shifted worldwide between 2022 and 2025.

Problems
how much more (or less) of the world’s research on this subject each theme took up, 2022→2025
gaining sharelosing share
Wide‑Bandgap Semiconductor Limits▲+12%
Emissions and Incentive Challenges▲+10%
Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration▲+1%
Battery Material Degradation▼-7%
Thermal Runaway and Safety Risks▼-21%
Power‑Electronics System Constraints▼-21%
Vehicle‑Level Battery Integration▼-37%
Cautions
how much more (or less) of the world’s research on this subject each theme took up, 2022→2025
gaining sharelosing share
Economic Viability of Incentives▲+18%
Semiconductor Device Stability Issues▲+5%
Cathode Degradation Mechanisms▼-7%
Thermal Response of Battery Cells▼-12%
Fast‑Charge Material Trade‑offs▼-14%
Charging Strategies and Grid Impact▼-35%
Life‑Cycle Emissions Uncertainty▼-46%
Opportunities
how much more (or less) of the world’s research on this subject each theme took up, 2022→2025
gaining sharelosing share
Optimized Charging and Grid Scheduling▲+1%
Next‑Generation Electrolytes and Cathodes▼-9%
Graphene‑Based High‑Performance Anodes▼-15%
Data‑Driven Battery State Estimation▼-18%
Advanced Power‑train Energy Management▼-37%
High‑Power SiC Inverter Designs▼-50%
Thermal‑Efficient Power‑Electronics▼-54%

Who files Electric Vehicles patents in the United States

Records 146,423 patent filings from 2016‑2025 by about 8,000 organizations, with GM, Ford, and GEN Electric as the top filers.

146,423 filings 2016–20258,000 assigneespeak 17,581 in 2024
Filing momentum
patents published / year
2016: 11,7202017: 12,8122018: 13,5942019: 13,9572020: 13,9632021: 13,9042022: 14,8342023: 16,8942024: 17,5812025: 17,164
20162025
Who files the most
  • GM Global TECH Operations18,648
  • FORD Global TECH18,158
  • GEN Electric3,151
  • Deere2,810
  • Caterpillar2,219
  • UNIV California1,793
  • Toyota ENG & MFG North America1,741
  • 3M Innovative Properties1,716
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Research themes, patent activity and the companies commercialising them, in one place.

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About this data: built from Fliar's company, founder, funding, hiring, jobs, news, research and patent trackers, covering the United States. Counts are of companies we track, not of every company that exists. Updated August 2026.
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