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Funding and advertised pay are reported in USD; filed accounts retain their stated source currency and basis.

Exchange-rate basis

Indicative conversions use ECB reference rates dated 2026-09-14, applied consistently across all periods. They are not historical exchange rates. Indian rupees may use crore (1 crore = 10 million); other currencies use K, M and B. CSV downloads, source documents and quoted news headlines retain their original currencies.

THE SPAIN EDITION 2026

Spain’s
energy tech industry,
in focus.

The companies, capital and talent shaping energy tech in Spain. Find the leaders. Understand the segments. See where the activity is.

Explore in Radar Read the key signals
Snapshot: Funding in USD
Illustrated cover for Energy Tech Industry Landscape of Spain
ES
COMPANIES · CAPITAL · TALENT

An industry ecosystem,
measured in context.

Energy Tech illustration
Companies tracked 598Energy Tech ecosystem in Spain Disclosed funding $1.6B118 companies · all recorded rounds Companies hiring 14With open roles at the snapshot Tracked open roles 230 employers posted in the preceding 30 days
MEET THE COMPANIES

Explore Spain’s energy tech leaders

24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.

Expand panel +
Explore the full landscape
Energy Tech company highlights in Spain, snapshot 1 September 2026
Company
Zunderzunder.com$384.32M—83—
Wallboxwallbox.com$210.34M—1,165—
Submersubmer.com$125.62M3 roles108—
REVELdriverevel.com$123M1 roles——
Stark Futurestarkfuture.com$121.52M—60—
Soty Solarsotysolar.es$119.63M—105—
Weneawenea.com$60.97M—83—
H2SITEh2site.eu$51.05M—27—
Ingeteamingeteam.com—7 roles3,320Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Cegasacegasa.com—2 roles105—
EnergIoTenergiot.com—1 roles3—
Hysunh2hysun.com—1 roles——
NUUK mobilitynuukmobility.com—1 roles40—
OK Mobilityokmobility.com—1 roles700—
AlgaEnergyalgaenergy.com———Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
BH Bikesbhbikes.com————
CUPRAcupraofficial.com————
Clevergyclever.gy——7—
Cooltracooltra.com——400—
DieseloGasolina.comdieselogasolina.com————
EBROebroauto.com————
EQTECeqtec.com——30—
Enagasenagas.es——1,389—
V2Cv2charge.com——47—
24 featured companies

Locked revenue figures are available in Radar; the eight company financial previews stay the same throughout this page. A dash means the figure is outside these featured lists. Revenue years vary by company; the figures are not a like-for-like revenue comparison. Compare annual accounts ↗

Company discovery

Recorded evidence only
THE KEY SIGNALS

Energy Tech industry KPIs in Spain

A few useful ratios bring the size of this ecosystem into perspective.

1 September 2026
Hiring participation2.3%

14 of 598 tracked companies have open roles.

Funding participation23.6%

141 of 598 tracked companies have a recorded round.

Top 3 funding share45.0%

Share of disclosed capital received by the three largest recorded recipients.

Median disclosed round$563.15K

Midpoint of 263 rounds with a disclosed amount.

Scale is concentrated. Opportunity is broader. The three largest funding recipients hold 45.0% of disclosed capital, while 76.4% of tracked companies have no recorded funding round.

Explore the segments →
CAPITAL & COMPANY FORMATION

How Spain energy tech has grown

Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.

Expand panel +
2016 — 2025

Disclosed funding by year

Sum of recorded funding rounds · USD

Spain energy tech
$0$124.29M$248.59M$372.88M$497.18M2016: $9.69M20162017: $44.7M20172018: $32.64M20182019: $60.68M20192020: $127.44M20202021: $67.57M20212022: $226.11M20222023: $323.06M20232024: $436.12M20242025: $105.44M2025
View the numbers
Annual energy tech funding and company formation in Spain
YearFunding (USD)FoundedRaising
2016$9.69M4016
2017$44.7M4122
2018$32.64M4120
2019$60.68M4625
2020$127.44M5131
2021$67.57M3919
2022$226.11M3018
2023$323.06M1122
2024$436.12M714
2025$105.44M011
WHERE CAPITAL SITS

Funding concentration

Share of all disclosed company funding.

  • Zunder24.0%
  • Wallbox13.1%
  • Submer7.8%
  • Other companies55.0%

Funding by stage

309 recorded rounds since 2016

NUMBER OF ROUNDS
Seed & Angel67 21.7%
Series A–B43 13.9%
Series C+ / PE5 1.6%
Grants, debt & other194 62.8%

Recent recorded rounds

Latest recorded rounds · USD
2 rounds

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Seed03/2026
Delfos $3.48M

Backed by VOX Capital and Headline and others.

Seed03/2026
Ionly $1.39M

Backed by Angels Capital and Zemsania and others.

Largest and notable recorded rounds

Each card is one recorded round
10 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Series B01/2025
H2SITEh2site.eu$37.08M

Backed by Hy24 and MassMutual Ventures and others.

Series C01/2022
Submersubmer.com$34M

Backed by Planet First Partners and Norrsken VC and others.

THE BUSINESS BEHIND THE ACTIVITY

Revenue, profitability & financial strength

Expand panel +

Annual accounts availability

No reviewed exact national-ID connector has yet been qualified for Spain; this is a checked implementation boundary, not evidence that filings are absent.; No reviewed exact national-ID connector has yet been qualified for Spain; this is a checked implementation boundary, not evidence that filings are absent.

DIGITAL FOOTPRINT

Web traffic, app reach and release cadence

How the Spain companies on this page show up online: the sites people visit, the apps they install, and how often those apps ship.

Busiest websites

10 of the 598 companies on this page carry a measured traffic record (1.7%); these are the largest of those, by monthly visits. The median among them is 153,615 visits.

CompanyMonthly visitsAuthorityMobile
DieseloGasolina.comdieselogasolina.com1,458,9404983.5%
Stark Futurestarkfuture.com414,6004746.1%
EBROebroauto.com339,3343782.2%
Electromapselectromaps.com289,0564569.7%
Wallboxwallbox.com158,8894729.4%
BH Bikesbhbikes.com148,3424456.1%
V2Cv2charge.com140,6953755.7%
Swipcarswipcar.com55,9833868.3%
CUPRAcupraofficial.com48,2603678.2%
Electyumelectyum.com35,5982772.2%

Visits and authority are third-party web estimates, not company-reported figures.

Most-installed apps

94 of these companies (15.7%) publish at least one Android app — 161 apps in all, carrying 8.7M installs between them.

AppInstallsRatingStore category
Cooltra: E-moped RentalCooltra2.3M4.2Travel & Local
Electromaps: Charging stationsElectromaps1.1M3.2Maps & Navigation
YEGO MobilityYEGO834.8K4.6Travel & Local
WiBLE – carsharing MadridWiBLE495.2K3.7Travel & Local
OK MobilityOK Mobility492.8K4.5Travel & Local
My CUPRA AppCUPRA480.7K—Auto & Vehicles
WallboxWallbox465.6K4.2Auto & Vehicles
Voltio by Mutua - CarsharingVoltio308.6K—Travel & Local
guppy - Car SharingGuppy223K—Travel & Local
Fecha de Matriculación EspañaDieseloGasolina.com214.9K—Auto & Vehicles

Installs are lifetime totals to date at the June 2026 store reading — a measure of reach, not of people using an app today.

App reach by segment

The busiest app inside each of this page’s own segments, with the quarterly release trend behind it (2024Q1–2026Q2).

SegmentAppsInstallsLeading appRelease trend
Electric Vehicles708MCooltra: E-moped Rental 2.3M
Road Transport Tech265MYEGO Mobility 834.8K
Energy Storage Tech282.1MElectromaps: Charging stations 1.1M
Online Travel81.1MWiBLE – carsharing Madrid 495.2K
Smart Grid16331KGana Energía - App de clientes 167.9K
Oil & Gas Tech27250.7KFecha de Matriculación España 214.9K
Energy Efficiency Tech42244.9KFeníe Energía 82.5K
Facility Management Tech40244.7KRointe Connect 41.5K

A company can carry several segment tags, so these rows overlap and should not be added together. Trend lines are zero-based and share one quarter grid, so a flat line is a quiet segment, not a missing one.

Release cadence by quarter

New apps published, beside apps whose most recent update landed in that quarter — the second bar is how much of the shelf is still being maintained.

2023Q2: 22023Q2: 12023Q22023Q3: 42023Q3: 12023Q32023Q4: 72023Q4: 12023Q42024Q1: 32024Q1: 22024Q12024Q2: 62024Q2: 52024Q22024Q3: 22024Q3: 22024Q32024Q4: 82024Q4: 72024Q42025Q1: 72025Q1: 42025Q12025Q2: 72025Q2: 102025Q22025Q3: 42025Q3: 192025Q32025Q4: 12025Q4: 142025Q42026Q1: 12026Q1: 222026Q1

Darker bars are new releases, lighter bars apps updated. 121 of 161 apps carry a release date. The series ends at 2026Q1, the last quarter that closed before the June 2026 reading.

INSIDE THE INDUSTRY

The Spain energy tech market map

Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.

Expand panel +

Where companies are building

Rank segments by scale, hiring or disclosed funding.

Enterprise tech336
Consumer digital237
Green transport224
Deep tech121
Enterprise software91
Saas66
Electric vehicle charging58
Online rental53
Shared mobility52
Energy saas51
Smart buildings46
Solar energy tech40

Companies can sit in several segments. Counts and funding overlap.

SEGMENT TO EXPLORE

Enterprise tech

The largest measured segment in this report snapshot.

336companies
3.6%have hiring activity

12 companies hiring · $895.93M disclosed funding

Explore in Radar

How companies make money

Common revenue models; a company can use more than one.

Physical commerce264
Subscription221
E-commerce - product208
Commission on transaction132
Fee-for-service78
E-commerce - service46
Renting / leasing25
Advertising12
THE COMPANIES IN MOTION

Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work

Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.

Expand panel +
Recent corporate headlines 10 dated reports
Mergers & acquisitionsenagas.es ↗

Spanish gas grid operator Enagas said on Tuesday it had reached an agreement with Singapore sovereign wealth fund GIC to buy its 31.5% stake in French gas grid operator Terega for 573 million euros ($674.65 million).

Funding roundswallbox.com ↗

The 11 million are divided into two separate tranches, a bridge loan of €5.65 million provided by relevant shareholders, whose repayment is linked to their commitments in the future increase of capital, and a second loan of €5.35 million granted by financial institutions within a framework of new financing that can reach up to 12.5 million euros.

Funding roundsoptimitive.com ↗

Suma Capital, an independent asset manager specializing in sustainable investment and purpose-driven capital, has invested €1 million in Optimitive, a technology company focused on Real-Time Optimization of industrial processes using Artificial Intelligence. The investment, channeled through SC Venture via the early-stage fund SC Climate Tech Ventures, completes a €5 million Series A round, in which Cemex Ventures and TITAN Cement Group also participated as strategic co-investors.

Funding roundssotysolar.es ↗

Gómez‑Acebo & Pombo has advised SotySolar, a Spanish renewable energy company backed by Marguerite and Plenium Partners as majority shareholders, on a financing granted by Crédit Agricole CIB in an amount exceeding €100 million to scale its SuscripciónSolar model for self‑consumption in homes and businesses.

Mergers & acquisitionssubmer.com ↗

Submer has announced plans to acquire Radian Arc Operations, a move aimed at expanding its capabilities across the fast-growing market for distributed AI infrastructure.

Mergers & acquisitionscofast.es ↗

Clarity Group’s acquisition of nuclear and defence supplier NDB Engineering and its sister company Cofast.

Mergers & acquisitionsgamesaelectric.com ↗

ABB has officially closed its acquisition of Gamesa Electric, the power electronics arm of Siemens Gamesa.

Funding roundsh2site.eu ↗

Within this context, H2SITE, based in Spain, raised €36 million to scale its hydrogen membrane and reactor technology for ammonia cracking and maritime applications – illustrating investor appetite for material-driven process engineering.

Mergers & acquisitionscooltra.com ↗

Barcelona-based Cooltra, a European leader in sustainable two-wheeled mobility, has acquired the operations of fellow Barcelona startup Kleta Mobility.

Funding roundsclever.gy ↗

Madrid-based ClimateTech startup Clevergy has raised €3.2 million to fuel its international expansion following a threefold growth last year.

Full recorded event mix

Top 10 categories among 109 recorded events in the 24-month window.

Funding rounds
23
Company announcements
16
Earnings
13
Mergers & acquisitions
11
Contracts
11
Leadership moves
10
Capital infusions
9
Asset acquisitions
8
Regulatory
4
Lawsuit
1
4 activity cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Leadership moves

7 tracked people moves

H2SITE ↗
Javier Cavada

Appointment Chairman of the Board of Directors

Submer ↗
Khalid Aljamed

Appointment General Manager, Middle East, Turkey, and Africa

Wallbox ↗
Isabel López Trujillo

Appointment Chief Financial Officer

Wallbox ↗
Luis Boada

Departure Previously Chief Financial Officer

Submer ↗
Jean-Marc Denis

Appointment Chief Product Officer

Wallbox ↗
Ignasi Alastuey

Appointment Chief Business Officer

Product launches

Products, platforms and features in the recorded window

CUPRA ↗
Cupra Raval

Car

Contract wins

6 recorded customer wins

H2SITE ↗

Customer: petronorOil Refining

Matteco ↗

Customer: genie

Wallbox ↗

Customer: Inversiones Financieras Perseo, S.L., Orilla Asset Management, S.L., AM Gestió, S.L., Consilium, S.L., Mingkiri, S.L.Finance

Wallbox ↗

Customer: Santander, BBVA, CaixaBankFinance

Submer ↗

Customer: cleansparkTechnology

Customer: Tuvisa

Regulatory events

4 recorded events

Wallbox ↗

submitted for judicial approvalBarcelona Commercial Court

Wallbox ↗

approved for sanctioningCommercial Section of the Court of First Instance of Barcelona

CUPRA ↗

European Union

CUPRA ↗

Proposed 21.3% tariff on Cupra Tavascan EVEuropean Commission

Mergers and acquisitions

Company-linked deal reports; status is preserved as recorded.

Acquirer → targetStatusDateValue / context
Enagas→teregaAnnounced2026-04-22Not stated in snapshot
Submer→radian arcAnnounced2026-04-22Not stated in snapshot
clarity group→COFAST ↗Announced2026-02-03Not stated in snapshot
abb→Gamesa Electric ↗Completed2026-01-05Not stated in snapshot
Cooltra→Kleta MobilityAnnounced2025-10-17Not stated in snapshot
Org Group→Venturi Unmanned Technologies ↗Announced2025-06-23Not stated in snapshot

A discussion or rumour is not a completed transaction. An unstated value is not zero.

PEOPLE & OPPORTUNITY

The talent market

8 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 45-posting snapshot covers 39 employers.

Expand panel +

Most advertised job titles

Underwriter Energy3
Sales Manager | Energy Industry | Spain2
Senior Recruitment Consultant Renewable Energy (Italian Speaking)2
Principal Trader Energy Marketing2
Procurement Manager – Renewable Energy2
Energy Markets Manager2
0 internship postings

1 tracked postings mention remote work.

The seniority mix

32 postings specify a level.

manager
23
unspecified
13
lead
4
senior
3
intern
2
THE PEOPLE BUILDING THE FIELD

Founders and leaders

328 founders and chief executives across 249 companies.

Expand panel +
12 profiles

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Education networks

24 profiles with education records.

INSEAD
4
IE Business School
4
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
4
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
3
IESE Business School
2
Kellogg School of Management
1
Grenoble Ecole de Management
1
Cambridge Judge Business School
1

Prior employers

5 profiles with prior-work records.

Microsoft
1
Bain
1
Boston Consulting Group
1
Amazon
1
McKinsey
1

Profiles cover recorded founders and leaders; contact details remain in Radar.

NEWS INTELLIGENCE

How this industry appears in the news

377,340 articles in the measured 12-month window.

Expand panel +
377,340articles in the measured year
67,930articles in 2026Q1
47.0%positive tone in the latest complete year

News volume trends

Energy Tech coverage across Spain · articles per complete quarter

051,684103,368155,052206,7352021Q2: 56,9782021Q22021Q3: 60,7402021Q4: 50,0252022Q1: 58,1422022Q2: 63,1972022Q22022Q3: 63,4492022Q4: 75,2902023Q1: 78,7072023Q2: 74,5582023Q22023Q3: 81,7072023Q4: 66,8982024Q1: 81,4882024Q2: 90,5662024Q22024Q3: 97,8922024Q4: 95,5072025Q1: 118,8852025Q2: 82,2332025Q22025Q3: 179,7702025Q4: 54,4632026Q1: 67,9302026Q1
View quarterly article counts
QuarterArticles
2021Q256,978
2021Q360,740
2021Q450,025
2022Q158,142
2022Q263,197
2022Q363,449
2022Q475,290
2023Q178,707
2023Q274,558
2023Q381,707
2023Q466,898
2024Q181,488
2024Q290,566
2024Q397,892
2024Q495,507
2025Q1118,885
2025Q282,233
2025Q3179,770
2025Q454,463
2026Q167,930

Article volume measures coverage, not market sales.

Tone of coverage over time

2021
98,109 positive · 33,879 neutral · 47,277 negative
2022
142,849 positive · 52,265 neutral · 64,525 negative
2023
168,368 positive · 65,506 neutral · 67,555 negative
2024
187,735 positive · 100,166 neutral · 76,922 negative
2025
204,142 positive · 153,454 neutral · 77,175 negative

Leading coverage topics

Energy Tech coverage across Spain · ranked by full-period article count.

Geopolitical Disputes And Contested Areas300,634 articles in the full recorded period
108,139 recent · 81,435 prior
International And Transnational Geographic Entities300,628 articles in the full recorded period
108,142 recent · 81,437 prior
Administrative And Political Subdivisions300,598 articles in the full recorded period
108,128 recent · 81,430 prior
International Sports Competitions43,305 articles in the full recorded period
7,572 recent · 11,163 prior
Professional League Updates35,032 articles in the full recorded period
7,842 recent · 7,386 prior
Sports History And Legacy Stories27,816 articles in the full recorded period
19,838 recent · 2,875 prior
Sportsmanship And Ethics In Sports24,991 articles in the full recorded period
18,798 recent · 1,510 prior
Athlete Transfer Rumors22,543 articles in the full recorded period
5,364 recent · 4,641 prior
Championship Event Highlights19,496 articles in the full recorded period
4,041 recent · 4,910 prior
Olympic Games Coverage18,279 articles in the full recorded period
2,143 recent · 5,764 prior

Recent and prior counts use the source comparison windows.

Topics gaining and losing attention

Energy Tech coverage across Spain

KeywordRecentPriorChange
countries4,2501,920121%
transformational leadership1,02853094%
transactional leadership85743497%
situational leadership817384113%
autocratic leadership784260202%
geopolitical alliances77341487%
leadership models719333116%
leadership theories663306117%
charismatic leadership64734289%
foreign policy analysis634204211%
europa league7892,167-64%
olympic trials1701,624-90%
olympic team selections2361,452-84%
ronaldo8441,374-39%
final match3801,115-66%

Event and signal lenses

Energy Tech coverage across Spain

All complete annual cohorts shown
Rising

Regulatory Risk

638,664 classified articles

territories, disputed islands, countries

14.3% critical · 14.3% positive
Rising

Funding Momentum

59,165 classified articles

club valuation, europa league, champions league

30.5% critical · 45.0% positive
Rising

Growth

108,172 classified articles

league expansion news, pro league fixtures, gdp growth rate

25.1% critical · 51.0% positive

Energy Tech coverage across Spain. Topic labels describe recorded classifications and can include broad context.

RESEARCH SIGNALS

What Energy Tech research is working on

53,205 papers in the recorded worldwide scope.

Expand panel +
53,205papers
53,205worldwide comparison pool
—India-affiliated papers

Research orientation

Promising
25,316
Breakthrough
16,441
Descriptive
4,336
Problem-identifying
3,698
Comparative
2,002
Cautionary
1,267
Critical
145

Contribution mix

Methods-led
32,549
Empirical
11,856
Reviews
7,722
Position pieces
850
Theoretical
228

Tone counts: 50,914 positive · 1,755 neutral · 536 negative.

Common problems researchers identify
3,843 papers · 7.2% of this field
  • Energy storage2,027 papers
  • Battery952 papers
  • Renewable energy900 papers
  • Electrolyte537 papers
  • Anode488 papers
  • Nanotechnology382 papers
  • Cathode363 papers
  • Lithium329 papers

Landmark: Pseudocapacitive oxide materials for high-rate electrochemical energy storage

Cautions
1,267 papers · 2.4% of this field
  • Energy storage453 papers
  • Renewable energy306 papers
  • Battery276 papers
  • Electrolyte155 papers
  • Electricity127 papers
  • Photovoltaic system112 papers
  • Grid103 papers
  • Anode99 papers

Landmark: Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Potential Alternatives to Current Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Opportunities
41,757 papers · 78.5% of this field
  • Energy storage17,247 papers
  • Renewable energy7,206 papers
  • Battery6,869 papers
  • Supercapacitor4,411 papers
  • Electrolyte4,207 papers
  • Electrochemistry3,929 papers
  • Photovoltaic system3,721 papers
  • Anode3,695 papers

Landmark: Hierarchical Control of Droop-Controlled AC and DC Microgrids—A General Approach Toward Standardization

Leading institutions

Chinese Academy of Sciences
132,184
Tsinghua University
73,943
Nanyang Technological University
61,056
University of California, Los Angeles
45,015
The University of Texas at Austin
43,827
Nankai University
35,758

Leading researchers

Bruce Dunn
29,397
Patrice Simon
22,591
Jean‐Marie Tarascon
20,526
Yury Gogotsi
19,210
Yang‐Kook Sun
15,104
Haresh Kamath
14,705
Arumugam Manthiram
14,093
Yi Cui
12,327

Highly cited breakthrough-labelled papers

  • Supercapacitor Devices Based on Graphene Materials2,527 citations
  • Graphene Anchored with Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles as Anode of Lithium Ion Batteries with Enhanced Reversible Capacity and Cyclic Perfor2,431 citations
  • Challenges and Prospects of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries2,319 citations
  • Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon of extraordinary capacitance for electrochemical energy storage2,047 citations
  • Electrochemical Na Insertion and Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Hard‐Carbon Electrodes and Application to Na‐Ion Batteries2,043 citations

Common problems researchers identify

3,636 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Energy Storage / Renewable EnergyCommon problems researchers identify · 01

Energy Storage / Renewable Energy

738 papers

20.3% of this theme group

Energy storage (628) · Renewable energy (327) · Environmental economics (102) · Energy (111)

Comparative Review of Energy Storage Systems, Their Roles, and Impacts on Future Power Systems

A Comprehensive Review on Energy Storage Systems: Types, Comparison, Current Scenario, Applications, Barriers, and Potential Solutions, Poli

View research history
YearShare index
20221155.8
20231242.8
20241162.8
20251529.9
Anode / CathodeCommon problems researchers identify · 02

Anode / Cathode

617 papers

17.0% of this theme group

Anode (362) · Cathode (269) · Energy storage (330) · Battery (225)

Developing Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries: Challenges and Practical Prospects

Advances of lithium-ion batteries anode materials—A review

View research history
YearShare index
2022478.0
2023477.3
2024418.7
2025508.1
Battery / Energy StorageCommon problems researchers identify · 03

Battery / Energy Storage

557 papers

15.3% of this theme group

Battery (397) · Energy storage (351) · Lithium (99) · Flow battery (40)

Electrical energy storage for transportation—approaching the limits of, and going beyond, lithium-ion batteries

<scp>High‐Energy</scp> Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and a Promising Future in Applications

View research history
YearShare index
202265.6
202365.6
202468.2
202581.4
Electrolyte / Fast Ion ConductorCommon problems researchers identify · 04

Electrolyte / Fast Ion Conductor

442 papers

12.2% of this theme group

Electrolyte (356) · Fast ion conductor (49) · Lithium (115) · Electrochemistry (107)

Electrolyte-Additive-Driven Interfacial Engineering for High-Capacity Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Promise and Challenges

Advanced Electrolyte Design for High‐Energy‐Density Li‐Metal Batteries under Practical Conditions

View research history
YearShare index
2022522.0
2023537.9
2024465.8
2025536.6
Renewable Energy / Photovoltaic SystemCommon problems researchers identify · 05

Renewable Energy / Photovoltaic System

436 papers

12.0% of this theme group

Renewable energy (264) · Photovoltaic system (94) · Grid (74) · Electricity (73)

A Review of Hybrid Renewable/Alternative Energy Systems for Electric Power Generation: Configurations, Control, and Applications

Electric vehicles with renewables integration in electrical power systems: A review of technologies, uncertainties and optimization allocati

View research history
YearShare index
20221720.1
20231836.7
20241693.3
20252352.7
Supercapacitor / NanotechnologyCommon problems researchers identify · 06

Supercapacitor / Nanotechnology

431 papers

11.9% of this theme group

Supercapacitor (235) · Nanotechnology (196) · Energy storage (329) · Electrochemical energy storage (78)

Flexible and Stretchable Energy Storage: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Review on Carbon Nanostructures for Supercapacitors: Cutting-Edge Energy Storage Applications and Perspectives

View research history
YearShare index
20224845.5
20234681.9
20244784.4
20253630.0
Hydrogen Storage / HydrogenCommon problems researchers identify · 07

Hydrogen Storage / Hydrogen

415 papers

11.4% of this theme group

Hydrogen storage (134) · Hydrogen (80) · Thermal energy storage (83) · Energy storage (226)

Hydrogen Storage Technologies for Future Energy Systems

Chemical‐based Hydrogen Storage Systems: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Prospectives

View research history
YearShare index
2022306.6
2023332.4
2024334.3
2025353.7

Cautions

1,184 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Energy Storage / Renewable EnergyCautions · 01

Energy Storage / Renewable Energy

261 papers

22.0% of this theme group

Energy storage (178) · Renewable energy (112) · Environmental economics (32) · Electricity (51)

Development of Energy Storage Systems for Power Network Reliability: A Review

A Quantitative Assessment of the Economic Viability of Photovoltaic Battery Energy Storage Systems

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YearShare index
20221408.3
20231483.7
20241358.3
20251830.3
Renewable Energy / Photovoltaic SystemCautions · 02

Renewable Energy / Photovoltaic System

216 papers

18.2% of this theme group

Renewable energy (125) · Photovoltaic system (63) · Grid (52) · Electricity (48)

Impacts of Renewable Energy Integration on Power System Stability

Integrating Variable Renewable Energy Into the Grid: Key Issues

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YearShare index
20221720.1
20231836.7
20241693.3
20252352.7
Thermal Energy Storage / Energy StorageCautions · 03

Thermal Energy Storage / Energy Storage

201 papers

17.0% of this theme group

Thermal energy storage (79) · Energy storage (111) · Thermal (23) · Latent heat (12)

Sorption heat storage for long-term low-temperature applications: A review on the advancements at material and prototype scale

Review of Thermal Energy Storage Materials for Application in Large-Scale Integrated Energy Systems—Methodology for Matching Heat Storage So

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YearShare index
2022180.5
2023189.0
2024192.5
2025241.3
Anode / CathodeCautions · 04

Anode / Cathode

182 papers

15.4% of this theme group

Anode (82) · Cathode (72) · Electrolyte (84) · Lithium (40)

Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Potential Alternatives to Current Lithium‐Ion Batteries

From Lithium‐Metal toward Anode‐Free Solid‐State Batteries: Current Developments, Issues, and Challenges

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YearShare index
2022804.6
2023822.9
2024728.0
2025861.7
Supercapacitor / CapacitanceCautions · 05

Supercapacitor / Capacitance

142 papers

12.0% of this theme group

Supercapacitor (38) · Capacitance (13) · Electrochemistry (30) · Nanotechnology (17)

Progress and Perspectives on Promising Covalent‐Organic Frameworks (COFs) Materials for Energy Storage Capacity

Conductive Gels for Energy Storage, Conversion, and Generation: Materials Design Strategies, Properties, and Applications

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YearShare index
20221021.4
20231003.7
2024867.5
2025948.9
Battery / Thermal RunawayCautions · 06

Battery / Thermal Runaway

117 papers

9.9% of this theme group

Battery (91) · Thermal runaway (12) · Energy storage (49) · State of charge (10)

Studying Abuse Testing on Lithium-Ion Battery Packaging for Energy Storage Systems

Recent Advances in the Development of Li‐Air Batteries, Experimental and Predictive Approaches – Prospective, Challenges, and Opportunities

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YearShare index
202268.0
202372.5
202450.3
202572.1
Flow Battery / RedoxCautions · 07

Flow Battery / Redox

65 papers

5.5% of this theme group

Flow battery (46) · Redox (33) · Vanadium (24) · Electrolyte (22)

Vanadium redox flow battery capacity loss mitigation strategy based on a comprehensive analysis of electrolyte imbalance effects

Experimental Study on the Effect of Operating Conditions on the Efficiency of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

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YearShare index
2022229.6
2023224.8
2024201.8
2025257.5

Opportunities

39,303 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Energy Storage / Renewable EnergyOpportunities · 01

Energy Storage / Renewable Energy

1,378 papers

23.0% of this theme group

Energy storage (1,114) · Renewable energy (356) · Energy (198) · Wind power (169)

Battery Energy Storage Optimization in Distribution Power Systems with Distributed Renewable Energy Resources

Design and Control of an Energy Storage System for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

View research history
YearShare index
20221241.7
20231328.6
20241279.1
20251709.0
Cathode / ElectrolyteOpportunities · 02

Cathode / Electrolyte

1,364 papers

22.7% of this theme group

Cathode (418) · Electrolyte (470) · Anode (402) · Electrochemistry (347)

Phosphated Electrolyte Enabling Dual Robust Electrode–Electrolyte Interfacial Reconstruction Toward Capable Zn Metal Batteries

Sustainable High‐Performance Aqueous Batteries Enabled by Optimizing Electrolyte Composition

View research history
YearShare index
2022804.6
2023822.9
2024728.0
2025861.7
Dielectric / Energy StorageOpportunities · 03

Dielectric / Energy Storage

903 papers

15.1% of this theme group

Dielectric (122) · Energy storage (502) · Ceramic (64) · Ferroelectricity (43)

Development of <scp>PVDF</scp> / <scp>PMMA</scp> ‐Cu nanocomposites with enhanced dielectric properties and energy storage density for capac

Advanced carbon nanomaterials for high-performance energy storage technologies

View research history
YearShare index
2022256.3
2023249.6
2024190.2
2025138.3
Renewable Energy / Photovoltaic SystemOpportunities · 04

Renewable Energy / Photovoltaic System

837 papers

13.9% of this theme group

Renewable energy (356) · Photovoltaic system (242) · Electricity (116) · Battery (193)

Optimizing Power System Reliability and Carbon Emissions With a Fuzzy Unit Commitment Model Incorporating Renewable Energy, Load Forecast Er

Distributed scheduling for multi-energy synergy system considering renewable energy generations and plug-in electric vehicles: A level-based

View research history
YearShare index
20221685.9
20231766.8
20241632.8
20252211.5
Supercapacitor / CapacitanceOpportunities · 05

Supercapacitor / Capacitance

604 papers

10.1% of this theme group

Supercapacitor (526) · Capacitance (273) · Electrode (176) · Graphene (76)

A high-performance supercapacitor-battery hybrid energy storage device based on graphene-enhanced electrode materials with ultrahigh energy

A review of supercapacitors: Materials, technology, challenges, and renewable energy applications

View research history
YearShare index
20221430.1
20231435.3
20241280.5
20251148.6
Microgrid / Energy StorageOpportunities · 06

Microgrid / Energy Storage

461 papers

7.7% of this theme group

Microgrid (331) · Energy storage (270) · Renewable energy (179) · Distributed generation (56)

Power Management of Hybrid Microgrid with Energy Storage System

Capacity Optimization of Battery Energy Storage Systems in a Microgrid

View research history
YearShare index
20221086.5
20231156.0
20241104.3
20251546.0
Thermal Energy Storage / ThermalOpportunities · 07

Thermal Energy Storage / Thermal

453 papers

7.5% of this theme group

Thermal energy storage (267) · Thermal (84) · Phase-change material (65) · Latent heat (39)

Advances in nano-enhanced phase change materials and hybrid thermal energy storage systems: Paving the way for sustainable energy solutions

Improving the efficiency of thermal energy storage through the development and evaluation of hybrid nano-enhanced phase change materials

View research history
YearShare index
2022182.1
2023190.9
2024194.8
2025243.8

How this field compares with the research baseline

Orientation shares compared with 25,000 papers in the reference sample.

Research orientationThis fieldReference sample
Promising47.6%37.4%
Breakthrough30.9%25.7%
Descriptive8.1%17.6%
Problem-identifying7.0%9.6%
Comparative3.8%4.0%
Cautionary2.4%4.8%
Critical0.3%1.0%

Concerns receiving less research attention

Counts and shares refer to the stated research pool. A low count describes how much of that research is recorded here, not the absence of a real-world concern.

Concern / example paperPapersShareRaised as a problemWorldwide share
Energy & datacenter footprintEnergy storage in datacenters430.09%4 (9.3%)0.09%
Hardware, e-waste & supply chainLife Cycle Assessment and Sustainability of Energy Storage Options for Solar PV Technologies300.06%3 (10.0%)0.06%
Privacy & surveillanceA Resilient and Privacy-Preserving Energy Management Strategy for Networked Microgrids230.05%0 (0.0%)0.05%
Water useExperimental and Theoretical Analysis of Immersion Cooling of a Li-Ion Battery Module160.03%0 (0.0%)0.03%
Concentration of compute powerEnergy Storage Market Power Withholding Bounds in Real-time Markets150.03%2 (13.3%)0.03%
Bias & fairnessFlexibility at a cost: Industrial battery storage and the breakdown of grid fee fairness in Germany80.02%1 (12.5%)0.02%
Safety & misuseCyber Resilience of Battery Energy Storage System Scheduling under Adversarial Attack on Load Forecasting50.01%1 (20.0%)0.01%
Carbon & emissions of computeA multi strategy optimization framework using AI digital twins for smart grid carbon emission reduction20.0%0 (0.0%)0.0%
Labour & data work00.0%0 (%)0.0%

Institution and researcher rankings use citations to their covered work. Research scope: worldwide. This may be broader than the company geography.

GEOGRAPHIC FOOTPRINT

Where companies are based

Company counts, hiring and disclosed funding across the recorded hubs.

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8 cards

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UNDERSTAND THE LANDSCAPE

Energy Tech in Spain: key questions

Clear definitions for making better comparisons.

What does this landscape measure?

It measures the tracked company ecosystem, recorded funding, hiring and other available evidence. It is not a market-size estimate.

Can segment counts be added together?

No. A company can belong to several segments, so segment counts and funding can overlap.

What does a missing figure mean?

A dash or unavailable panel means the current reviewed source snapshot does not support that figure.

KEEP EXPLORING

Put Spain in context

All landscapes ↗

Company ecosystem snapshot: 1 September 2026. Funding is recorded in USD; filed accounts retain their stated currency and reporting basis. Each section identifies its own coverage. The news and research behind these sections is explorable in Prism.

Canonical landscape ↗
Coming soon