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Funding and advertised pay are reported in USD; filed accounts retain their stated source currency and basis.

Exchange-rate basis

Indicative conversions use ECB reference rates dated 2026-09-14, applied consistently across all periods. They are not historical exchange rates. Indian rupees may use crore (1 crore = 10 million); other currencies use K, M and B. CSV downloads, source documents and quoted news headlines retain their original currencies.

THE SAN FRANCISCO EDITION 2026

San Francisco’s
proptech industry,
in focus.

The companies, capital and talent shaping proptech in San Francisco. Find the leaders. Understand the segments. See where the activity is.

Explore in Radar Read the key signals
Snapshot: Funding in USD
Illustrated cover for PropTech Industry Landscape of San Francisco
US
COMPANIES · CAPITAL · TALENT

An industry ecosystem,
measured in context.

PropTech illustration
Companies tracked 303PropTech ecosystem in San Francisco Disclosed funding $7.11B103 companies · all recorded rounds Companies hiring 21With open roles at the snapshot Tracked open roles 490 employers posted in the preceding 30 days
MEET THE COMPANIES

Explore San Francisco’s proptech leaders

24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.

Expand panel +
Explore the full landscape
PropTech company highlights in San Francisco, snapshot 4 September 2026
Company
Kiavikiavi.com$1.42B—389—
HomeLighthomelight.com$777.52M8 roles335—
Domadoma.com$444.13M—1,062—
Unlockunlock.com$400M—95—
Divvydivvyhomes.com$390M—71—
Landinghellolanding.com$342.68M—393—
Snapdocssnapdocs.com$265.12M4 roles505—
Truliatrulia.com$262.8M—1,052—
LoopNetloopnet.com—6 roles4,082—
Amenifyamenify.com—4 roles19—
Unisonunison.com—4 roles40—
ManageCasamanagecasa.com—3 roles14—
UnlockLandunlock.land—3 roles——
YouLandyouland.com—3 roles8—
Aaltoaalto.com——38—
Apartment Listapartmentlist.com——346—
Chimechime.me——96—
City Feetcityfeet.com————
Noahnoah.co——17—
Pangeampangeam.com——8—
PeerSpacepeerspace.com——51—
Plumplumlending.com——7—
Qualiaqualia.com——525—
Sundaesundae.com——296—
24 featured companies

Locked revenue figures are available in Radar; the eight company financial previews stay the same throughout this page. A dash means the figure is outside these featured lists. Revenue years vary by company; the figures are not a like-for-like revenue comparison. Compare annual accounts ↗

Company discovery

Recorded evidence only

Explore the live startup set in Radar

No company example met every recorded classification, independence and public-profile gate in this snapshot. The live directory may have newer qualifying companies.

Explore classified startups in Radar ↗
THE KEY SIGNALS

PropTech industry KPIs in San Francisco

A few useful ratios bring the size of this ecosystem into perspective.

4 September 2026
Hiring participation6.9%

21 of 303 tracked companies have open roles.

Funding participation36.3%

110 of 303 tracked companies have a recorded round.

Top 3 funding share37.1%

Share of disclosed capital received by the three largest recorded recipients.

Median disclosed round$7.73M

Midpoint of 219 rounds with a disclosed amount.

Scale is concentrated. Opportunity is broader. The three largest funding recipients hold 37.1% of disclosed capital, while 63.7% of tracked companies have no recorded funding round.

Explore the segments →
CAPITAL & COMPANY FORMATION

How San Francisco proptech has grown

Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.

Expand panel +
2016 — 2025

Disclosed funding by year

Sum of recorded funding rounds · USD

San Francisco proptech
$0$623.86M$1.25B$1.87B$2.5B2016: $120.89M20162017: $210.1M20172018: $352.74M20182019: $1.01B20192020: $905.08M20202021: $2.19B20212022: $631.2M20222023: $428.14M20232024: $511.44M20242025: $40.75M2025
View the numbers
Annual proptech funding and company formation in San Francisco
YearFunding (USD)FoundedRaising
2016$120.89M2518
2017$210.1M2314
2018$352.74M1918
2019$1.01B1727
2020$905.08M1629
2021$2.19B1928
2022$631.2M1219
2023$428.14M186
2024$511.44M1313
2025$40.75M74
WHERE CAPITAL SITS

Funding concentration

Share of all disclosed company funding.

  • Kiavi19.9%
  • HomeLight10.9%
  • Doma6.2%
  • Other companies62.9%

Funding by stage

261 recorded rounds since 2016

NUMBER OF ROUNDS
Seed & Angel85 32.6%
Series A–B119 45.6%
Series C+ / PE26 10.0%
Grants, debt & other31 11.9%

Recent recorded rounds

Latest recorded rounds · USD
0 rounds

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Largest and notable recorded rounds

Each card is one recorded round
10 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Series B01/2019
Domadoma.com$240M

Participating investors were not recorded in this snapshot.

Series C06/2021
Unisonunison.com$210M

Participating investors were not recorded in this snapshot.

Series D08/2021
Divvydivvyhomes.com$200M

Backed by Tiger Global Management and Caffeinated Capital and others.

Series B04/2020
Noahnoah.co$150M

Participating investors were not recorded in this snapshot.

Series C05/2020
Domadoma.com$123M

Backed by Greenspring Associates and Horizons Ventures and others.

Series C07/2021
Sundaesundae.com$80M

Backed by Fifth Wall and General Global Capital and others.

THE BUSINESS BEHIND THE ACTIVITY

Revenue, profitability & financial strength

Expand panel +

Annual accounts availability

Exact designated identities and reviewed filing records were checked, but this page has neither a qualifying preview account nor a target cohort meeting the ten-entity aggregate floor.

DIGITAL FOOTPRINT

Web traffic, app reach and release cadence

How the San Francisco companies on this page show up online: the sites people visit, the apps they install, and how often those apps ship.

Busiest websites

13 of the 303 companies on this page carry a measured traffic record (4.3%); these are the largest of those, by monthly visits. The median among them is 475,231 visits.

CompanyMonthly visitsAuthorityMobile
Truliatrulia.com20,893,3087875.8%
LoopNetloopnet.com8,978,5027149.3%
Apartment Listapartmentlist.com7,311,3845782.5%
Follow Up Bossfollowupboss.com2,814,620466.3%
PeerSpacepeerspace.com1,732,3656049.7%
HomeLighthomelight.com513,2065457.2%
Landinghellolanding.com475,2314559.9%
Hemlanehemlane.com371,2673665.8%
Rentberryrentberry.com288,9014169.2%
Stessastessa.com278,1434328.8%

Visits and authority are third-party web estimates, not company-reported figures.

Most-installed apps

35 of these companies (11.6%) publish at least one Android app — 55 apps in all, carrying 44M installs between them.

AppInstallsRatingStore category
Trulia: Homes For Sale & RentTrulia19.6M4.7House & Home
Trulia Rent Apartments & HomesTrulia9.4M4.7House & Home
Apartment List: Rent appApartment List5.6M4.4House & Home
HotPads Rent ApartmentsHotPads4.2M4.6House & Home
Zumper - Apartment FinderZumper2.8M4.7House & Home
LoopNet Real EstateLoopNet931.1K3.6Business
Storia - anunțuri imobiliareStoria354.7K—Lifestyle
Sortly: Inventory SimplifiedSortly341.4K3.7Business
Landing Furnished ApartmentsLanding142.9K4.7House & Home
Peerspace - Rent Unique VenuesPeerSpace109.2K4.6Events

Installs are lifetime totals to date at the June 2026 store reading — a measure of reach, not of people using an app today.

App reach by segment

The busiest app inside each of this page’s own segments, with the quarterly release trend behind it (2023Q3–2026Q2).

SegmentAppsInstallsLeading appRelease trend
Residential Real Estate Tech1236.8MTrulia: Homes For Sale & Rent 19.6M
Property Management Tech195.8MApartment List: Rent app 5.6M
Commercial Real Estate Tech181.4MLoopNet Real Estate 931.1K
Real Estate It8215.3KFollow Up Boss 91.1K
Sales Force Automation5164.7KClosely 52.8K
Investment Tech2113.9KStessa: Smart Rental Manager 75.2K
Local Services370.7KAmenify Resident 69.7K
Facility Management Tech454.2KSwiftlane 31.3K

A company can carry several segment tags, so these rows overlap and should not be added together. Trend lines are zero-based and share one quarter grid, so a flat line is a quiet segment, not a missing one.

Release cadence by quarter

New apps published, beside apps whose most recent update landed in that quarter — the second bar is how much of the shelf is still being maintained.

2022Q4: 12022Q4: 02022Q42023Q3: 12023Q3: 02023Q32024Q3: 22024Q3: 02024Q32025Q1: 22025Q1: 12025Q12025Q4: 32025Q4: 32025Q42026Q1: 12026Q1: 52026Q1

Darker bars are new releases, lighter bars apps updated. 52 of 55 apps carry a release date. The series ends at 2026Q1, the last quarter that closed before the June 2026 reading.

INSIDE THE INDUSTRY

The San Francisco proptech market map

Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.

Expand panel +

Where companies are building

Rank segments by scale, hiring or disclosed funding.

Enterprise tech212
Consumer digital150
Enterprise software114
Saas110
Fintech69
Marketplaces59
B2c e-commerce28
Nbfc lenders28
Internet first lenders27
Sharing economy15
Crm for enterprises15
Loneliness economy15

Companies can sit in several segments. Counts and funding overlap.

SEGMENT TO EXPLORE

Enterprise tech

The largest measured segment in this report snapshot.

212companies
7.1%have hiring activity

15 companies hiring · $4.3B disclosed funding

Explore in Radar

How companies make money

Common revenue models; a company can use more than one.

Subscription205
Commission on transaction156
Advertising48
Lending33
Renting / leasing33
E-commerce - service30
Fee-for-service29
Licensing5
THE COMPANIES IN MOTION

Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work

Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.

Expand panel +
Recent corporate headlines 10 dated reports
Funding roundskiavi.com ↗

Among the largest financings were Kiavi ($350 million, debt), Dwelly ($50 million, debt), Metiundo ($47.6 million, Series A), OneDome ($34.2 million, Series C), Stake ($31 million, Series B), Ownwell ($30 million, Series B), and Orchard ($30 million, venture).

Mergers & acquisitionsterrascope.io ↗

Innovation acceleration platform XeleratedFifty announced the acquisition of enterprise carbon management and sustainability platform Terrascope from Olam Group’s sustainability solutions-focused venture business Nupo Ventures.

Mergers & acquisitionsunison.com ↗

Unison completes purchase of US-based PHI Hydraulics

Funding roundsbrikmate.com ↗

Thirty Capital Ventures today announced strategic investments in BlueMetrics and BrikMate, two technology companies applying artificial intelligence to solve complex, real-world challenges across data intelligence, operations, and the built environment.

Funding roundshomevision.co ↗

Newrez LLC (“Newrez”), a top five mortgage lender and servicer, announced today a strategic investment in HomeVision to develop an industry‑first, AI‑powered mortgage underwriting solution to accelerate the underwriting and loan review process across loan types.

IPO activitychime.me ↗

Chime’s (CHYM) IPO provides investors with a more relevant and direct comp for Cash App

Funding roundsnoah.co ↗

Noah, a stablecoin startup, announced a successful raise of $22 million in a financing round led by LocalGlobe.

IPO activitysundae.com ↗

Jill Kenney: Yes. We'll be listing on AIM, which is something we're very excited about.

Mergers & acquisitionsmyintellirent.com ↗

Electro Rent is selling its intellirent business, which focuses on test equipment for power generation and distribution, data center and renewable energy, to private equity firm Sandbrook Capital.

Full recorded event mix

Top 10 categories among 104 recorded events in the 24-month window.

Funding rounds
18
Leadership moves
17
New products
15
Earnings
13
Mergers & acquisitions
12
IPO activity
10
Asset acquisitions
9
Contracts
4
Company announcements
3
Capital infusions
2
6 activity cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

IPO pipeline

2 companies with recorded IPO activity

Chime ↗

IPO · Nasdaq11 reports

Sundae ↗

IPO · AIM1 reports

Leadership moves

10 tracked people moves

Landing ↗
Christopher McClintock

Appointment

Landing ↗
Jack Harvey

Appointment Executive Vice President of Strategic Accounts

Landing ↗
Joel Meriwether

Appointment Chief Financial Officer

Zumper ↗
Anthemos Georgiades

Appointment Chairman of the board

Zumper ↗
Shawn Mullahy

Appointment Chief Executive Officer

Lawrence Kennedy

Appointment Head of Product

Greg Moore

Appointment Head of Design and Research

Chime ↗
Mark Troughton

Promotion President

Product launches

Products, platforms and features in the recorded window

Unison ↗
bend tooling service

Service

Snapdocs ↗
Snapdocs integration with MeridianLink Consumer

Digital Closing Integration

HomeVision ↗
Combined Platform

Collateral underwriting

Qualia ↗
Qualia Clear

AI-powered title management tool

Contract wins

2 recorded customer wins

Aalto ↗

Customer: mitratelTelecommunications

Aalto ↗

Customer: telkomselTelecommunications

Workforce actions

2 companies with reported reductions

Chime ↗

160 rolescost reduction

Doma ↗

515 rolescost reduction

Regulatory events

1 recorded events

Plum ↗

approved for e-money licenceFinancial Conduct Authority (FCA)

Earnings pulse

Reported company results in the recorded window.

3companies
11period observations
30.0%median reported growth

Median across 10 reported growth observations; companies may contribute multiple periods.

Mergers and acquisitions

Company-linked deal reports; status is preserved as recorded.

Acquirer → targetStatusDateValue / context
phenom→Plum ↗Announced2026-05-01Not stated in snapshot
Unison→PHI HydraulicsAnnounced2026-03-27Not stated in snapshot
XeleratedFifty→Terrascope ↗Announced2026-03-03Not stated in snapshot
bill.com→Divvy ↗Announced2025-08-24$2.5B
Capital Title of Texas→Doma ↗2025-03-14Not stated in snapshot
sandbrook capital→Intellirent ↗Announced2025-02-27Not stated in snapshot

A discussion or rumour is not a completed transaction. An unstated value is not zero.

PEOPLE & OPPORTUNITY

The talent market

816 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 1,194-posting snapshot covers 60 employers.

Expand panel +

Most advertised job titles

Hospitality Manager32
Account Executive20
Software Engineer12
Sales Engineer12
General Manager12
Vp, Marketing11
2 internship postings

11 tracked postings mention remote work.

The seniority mix

519 postings specify a level.

unspecified
675
manager
314
senior
141
lead
50
entry
8
intern
6

Skills employers mention

Top skills across 1,194 tracked postings in the available jobs snapshot.

Sql
38
Low Code Tools
20
Python
14
Ai
12
Excel
9
Hubspot
9
Salesforce
8
Crm
7
Data Pipelines
5
Rpa
5
ADVERTISED PAY$100.0K/ year

Median across 118 postings with pay data, expressed in USD.

Salary by seniority

manager$80.5K/ year56 postings

Advertised posting medians do not describe all employees or roles.

THE PEOPLE BUILDING THE FIELD

Founders and leaders

231 founders and chief executives across 145 companies.

Expand panel +
12 profiles

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Education networks

80 profiles with education records.

Stanford University
26
Stanford Business School
10
University of California (Berkeley)
10
University of Pennsylvania
8
Cornell University
7
Harvard University
6
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
4
Wharton School
4

Prior employers

30 profiles with prior-work records.

Boston Consulting Group
5
Morgan Stanley
4
Facebook
4
Microsoft
4
Google
3
Goldman Sachs
3
Cisco
2
Uber
2

Profiles cover recorded founders and leaders; contact details remain in Radar.

NEWS INTELLIGENCE

How this industry appears in the news

60,829 articles in the measured 12-month window.

Expand panel +
60,829articles in the measured year
8,112articles in 2026Q2
63.9%positive tone in the latest complete year

News volume trends

PropTech coverage tagged San Francisco · articles per complete quarter

07,71915,43923,15830,8772021Q2: 12,7712021Q22021Q3: 16,6192021Q4: 12,7182022Q1: 16,1082022Q2: 15,2122022Q22022Q3: 14,0042022Q4: 16,3532023Q1: 17,7092023Q2: 19,8392023Q22023Q3: 16,2942023Q4: 19,0902024Q1: 18,9542024Q2: 16,3262024Q22024Q3: 19,9862024Q4: 18,2872025Q1: 26,8502025Q2: 17,0112025Q22025Q3: 19,9932025Q4: 15,5692026Q1: 17,1552026Q2: 8,1122026Q2
View quarterly article counts
QuarterArticles
2021Q212,771
2021Q316,619
2021Q412,718
2022Q116,108
2022Q215,212
2022Q314,004
2022Q416,353
2023Q117,709
2023Q219,839
2023Q316,294
2023Q419,090
2024Q118,954
2024Q216,326
2024Q319,986
2024Q418,287
2025Q126,850
2025Q217,011
2025Q319,993
2025Q415,569
2026Q117,155
2026Q28,112

Article volume measures coverage, not market sales.

Tone of coverage over time

2021
31,487 positive · 451 neutral · 12,978 negative
2022
40,711 positive · 805 neutral · 20,070 negative
2023
45,660 positive · 806 neutral · 26,347 negative
2024
48,405 positive · 764 neutral · 24,282 negative
2025
50,644 positive · 878 neutral · 27,751 negative

Leading coverage topics

PropTech coverage tagged San Francisco · ranked by full-period article count.

Administrative And Political Subdivisions4,331,683 articles in the full recorded period
929,770 recent · 795,453 prior
Geopolitical Disputes And Contested Areas320,253 articles in the full recorded period
106,790 recent · 82,236 prior
International And Transnational Geographic Entities320,084 articles in the full recorded period
106,737 recent · 82,164 prior
Cryptocurrency Impact On Forex Markets235,987 articles in the full recorded period
62,378 recent · 62,880 prior
International Political Relations226,140 articles in the full recorded period
58,914 recent · 57,077 prior
College Athletics News170,449 articles in the full recorded period
32,022 recent · 55,989 prior
Security And Defense Policies164,043 articles in the full recorded period
47,745 recent · 40,817 prior
International Relations And Diplomacy100,247 articles in the full recorded period
23,637 recent · 26,063 prior
Professional League Updates95,023 articles in the full recorded period
18,358 recent · 25,319 prior
Trade Policies And Agreements88,697 articles in the full recorded period
28,968 recent · 39,492 prior

Recent and prior counts use the source comparison windows.

Topics gaining and losing attention

United States comparison coverage

KeywordRecentPriorChange
stablecoin fx impact10,2617,26341%
investment deal4,3572,83154%
countries3,9251,959100%
etf trading3,7212,58444%
artemis program3,7072381458%
oil price volatility3,5781,752104%
mass shooting2,8851,89352%
etf products2,8071,89748%
gold spot price2,6921,84846%
vaccine candidates2,6751,56571%
college playoffs9,50426,288-64%
tariff negotiations14,19324,229-41%
ncaa updates6,71215,952-58%
college football finals4,28913,644-69%
campus sports4,16012,318-66%

Event and signal lenses

United States comparison coverage

All complete annual cohorts shown
Rising

Regulatory Risk

3,217,791 classified articles

territories, disputed islands, stock performance

41.9% critical · 27.8% positive
Rising

Funding Momentum

720,745 classified articles

inflation reports fx, investment deal, currency intervention policies

39.7% critical · 46.5% positive
Rising

Growth

936,447 classified articles

nba expansion teams, earnings report, nba team legends

35.4% critical · 45.7% positive

PropTech coverage tagged San Francisco. Topic labels describe recorded classifications and can include broad context.

RESEARCH SIGNALS

What PropTech research is working on

1,805 papers in the recorded india scope.

Expand panel +
1,805papers
24,660worldwide comparison pool
1,805India-affiliated papers

Research orientation

Promising
862
Problem-identifying
328
Breakthrough
278
Descriptive
200
Comparative
84
Cautionary
44
Critical
9

Contribution mix

Methods-led
1,007
Empirical
577
Reviews
169
Position pieces
45
Theoretical
7

Tone counts: 1,753 positive · 17 neutral · 35 negative.

Common problems researchers identify
337 papers · 18.7% of this field
  • Building information modeling255 papers
  • Construction industry41 papers
  • Process management34 papers
  • Interoperability32 papers
  • Prefabrication29 papers
  • Architectural engineering28 papers
  • Knowledge management25 papers
  • Construction engineering25 papers

Landmark: From BIM to digital twins: a systematic review of the evolution of intelligent building representations in the AEC-FM industry

Cautions
44 papers · 2.4% of this field
  • Building information modeling29 papers
  • Prefabrication6 papers
  • Schedule5 papers
  • Integrated project delivery4 papers
  • Facility management4 papers
  • Life-cycle assessment4 papers
  • Architectural engineering4 papers
  • Sustainability3 papers

Landmark: Organizational Divisions in BIM-Enabled Commercial Construction

Opportunities
1,140 papers · 63.2% of this field
  • Building information modeling743 papers
  • Systems engineering106 papers
  • Interoperability98 papers
  • Workflow93 papers
  • Prefabrication76 papers
  • Construction engineering68 papers
  • Visualization65 papers
  • Sustainability64 papers

Landmark: Application Areas and Data Requirements for BIM-Enabled Facilities Management

Leading institutions

University of Florida
4,807
Georgia Institute of Technology
3,487
University of Southern California
2,082
Pennsylvania State University
2,072
ORCID
1,967
Auburn University
1,712

Leading researchers

Raja R. A. Issa
2,780
Burçin Becerik-Gerber
1,813
Salman Azhar
1,394
Farrokh Jazizadeh
1,022
Mani Golparvar‐Fard
980
Chimay Anumba
955
Yong K. Cho
938
John Messner
898

Highly cited breakthrough-labelled papers

  • Automated Progress Monitoring Using Unordered Daily Construction Photographs and IFC-Based Building Information Models388 citations
  • IFC BIM-Based Methodology for Semi-Automated Building Energy Performance Simulation174 citations
  • Smart Construction Objects152 citations
  • High-precision vision-based mobile augmented reality system for context-aware architectural, engineering, construction and facility management (AEC/FM150 citations
  • Automated Code Compliance Checking for Building Envelope Design139 citations

Common problems researchers identify

330 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

BIM Process and Systems GapsCommon problems researchers identify · 01

BIM Process and Systems Gaps

94 papers

28.5% of this theme group

Researchers highlight difficulties in aligning BIM with process management and systems engineering in construction projects.

Building information modeling (85) · Information model (13) · Process management (16) · Systems engineering (14)

Building Information Modeling in Support of Sustainable Design and Construction

State of Practice of Building Information Modeling in Mechanical and Electrical Construction Industries

View research history
YearShare index
2022751.4
2023743.5
2024540.7
2025288.3
BIM Interoperability in Facility ManagementCommon problems researchers identify · 02

BIM Interoperability in Facility Management

86 papers

26.1% of this theme group

Studies point to barriers when integrating BIM with facility management workflows and data exchange.

Building information modeling (83) · Facility management (18) · Interoperability (18) · Process management (18)

Integration of facility management and building information modeling (BIM)

Using Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Estimating and Scheduling, Adoption Barriers

View research history
YearShare index
2022481.8
2023483.8
2024346.3
2025253.1
Policy and Productivity Constraints on BIMCommon problems researchers identify · 03

Policy and Productivity Constraints on BIM

41 papers

12.4% of this theme group

Authors note governmental and productivity issues that limit BIM adoption across the construction sector.

Building information modeling (38) · Government (9) · Construction industry (15) · Productivity (6)

A LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE FACTORS LIMITING THE APPLICATION OF BIM IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Trends of Assessing BIM Implementation in Construction Research

View research history
YearShare index
2022370.9
2023400.3
2024393.8
2025440.9
Modular Construction Selection ChallengesCommon problems researchers identify · 04

Modular Construction Selection Challenges

36 papers

10.9% of this theme group

Research identifies critical constraints that deter choosing prefabricated or modular methods over traditional building.

Prefabrication (29) · Architectural engineering (10) · Modular design (5) · Supply chain (3)

An Investigation of Critical Factors and Constraints for Selecting Modular Construction over Conventional Stick-Built Technique

Contemporary Design-Bid-Build Model

View research history
YearShare index
20221126.1
20231185.9
20241343.5
2025894.2
Energy and Embodied Impact ConcernsCommon problems researchers identify · 05

Energy and Embodied Impact Concerns

29 papers

8.8% of this theme group

Papers discuss the difficulty of embedding carbon accounting and energy data within BIM models.

Embodied energy (3) · Architectural engineering (7) · Reuse (3) · HVAC (3)

Intelligent Sustainable Design: Integration of Carbon Accounting and Building Information Modeling

Metadata Schemas and Ontologies for Building Energy Applications: A Critical Review and Use Case Analysis

View research history
YearShare index
20221109.7
20231172.5
20241329.5
2025845.0
BIM Integration in Engineering EducationCommon problems researchers identify · 06

BIM Integration in Engineering Education

26 papers

7.9% of this theme group

Scholars flag gaps in curricula that prevent effective teaching of BIM within engineering programs.

Curriculum (12) · Building information modeling (24) · Engineering management (7) · Design studio (3)

Integration of BIM in Construction Management Education: An Overview of Pakistani Engineering Universities

The integration of building information modeling (BIM) into civil engineering curricula

View research history
YearShare index
2022446.3
2023453.8
2024336.5
2025237.9
Knowledge Management and BIM OrderCommon problems researchers identify · 07

Knowledge Management and BIM Order

18 papers

5.5% of this theme group

Works examine how architectural firms struggle to organize BIM information for knowledge reuse.

Building information modeling (17) · Order (3) · Architecture (5) · Knowledge management (5)

BIM Use by Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) Industry in Educational Facility Projects

BIM Implementation Practices at India's AEC Firms

View research history
YearShare index
2022778.5
2023760.4
2024513.6
2025328.0

Cautions

41 papers · 4 recurring themes
4 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Scheduling and Documentation RisksCautions · 01

Scheduling and Documentation Risks

24 papers

58.5% of this theme group

Authors caution that linking BIM with construction schedules and documentation can introduce systemic errors.

Building information modeling (21) · Schedule (4) · Systems engineering (3) · Construction industry (3)

Integrating Construction Process Documentation into Building Information Modeling

Implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Modular Construction: Benefits and Challenges

View research history
YearShare index
2022762.9
2023791.4
2024658.3
2025549.0
Energy Modeling Accuracy IssuesCautions · 02

Energy Modeling Accuracy Issues

9 papers

22.0% of this theme group

Researchers warn that BIM-based energy assessments may misrepresent actual consumption without proper validation.

Energy modeling (2) · Energy consumption (2) · Building information modeling (6) · Sustainability (2)

Using Building Information Modeling to Assess the Initial Embodied Energy of a Building

The US National Building Information Modeling Standard

View research history
YearShare index
20221319.5
20231388.8
20241076.8
20251503.0
Environmental Impact of Prefab Supply ChainsCautions · 03

Environmental Impact of Prefab Supply Chains

4 papers

9.8% of this theme group

Studies advise careful evaluation of the ecological footprint when adopting prefabricated supply chain models.

Prefabrication (3) · Environmental impact assessment (2) · Integrated project delivery (2)

Assessing the Environmental Impacts of a Lean Supply System: Case Study of High-Rise Condominium Construction in Korea

Assessing the Environmental Impacts of Lean Supply System: A Case Study of Rebar Supply in High-Rise Condominium Construction Projects

View research history
YearShare index
202264.0
202358.4
202450.4
202563.3
Productivity Limits of PrefabricationCautions · 04

Productivity Limits of Prefabrication

4 papers

9.8% of this theme group

Analyses highlight that certain prefabrication approaches may not yield expected productivity gains.

Prefabrication (3)

A Case Study of Productivity Improvement by Electrical Prefabrication

With Limitation Comes Inspiration: The Case for Interior Prefabrication

View research history
YearShare index
202221.2
202319.1
202415.8
202519.7

Opportunities

1,082 papers · 7 recurring themes
7 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

BIM for Construction ManagementOpportunities · 01

BIM for Construction Management

350 papers

32.3% of this theme group

Opportunities focus on using BIM to streamline construction processes and improve overall project coordination.

Building information modeling (321) · Construction engineering (52) · Systems engineering (68) · Process management (34)

Developing building information models (BIM) for building handover, operation and maintenance

Use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) to Improve Construction Management in the USA

View research history
YearShare index
2022983.5
20231010.7
2024859.4
2025473.7
Sustainable Design via BIM IntegrationOpportunities · 02

Sustainable Design via BIM Integration

161 papers

14.9% of this theme group

Research shows BIM can combine economic and environmental analyses to support greener building decisions.

Building information modeling (154) · Systems engineering (28) · Information model (19) · Construction management (11)

Integration of Building Information Modeling and Economic and Environmental Impact Analysis to Support Sustainable Building Design

Evaluating Sustainability of Architectural Designs Using Building Information Modeling

View research history
YearShare index
2022499.8
2023497.4
2024375.3
2025252.0
Point Cloud and BIM FusionOpportunities · 03

Point Cloud and BIM Fusion

123 papers

11.4% of this theme group

Papers explore merging 3‑D scanning data with BIM to enhance as‑built modeling and progress tracking.

Point cloud (42) · Segmentation (13) · Building information modeling (78) · Schedule (15)

Spatial and visual data fusion for capturing, retrieval, and modeling of as-built building geometry and features

Multi-Sample Image-Based Material Recognition and Formalized Sequencing Knowledge for Operation-Level Construction Progress Monitoring

View research history
YearShare index
2022113.0
2023113.6
202460.3
202579.7
Energy Efficiency through BIM ToolsOpportunities · 04

Energy Efficiency through BIM Tools

119 papers

11.0% of this theme group

Studies demonstrate BIM applications that reduce operational energy use and support sustainable HVAC design.

Energy consumption (28) · Building information modeling (89) · Efficient energy use (17) · HVAC (13)

Reducing the operational energy demand in buildings using building information modeling tools and sustainability approaches

Teaching Sustainable Design Using BIM and Project-Based Energy Simulations

View research history
YearShare index
20221115.0
20231140.3
2024812.1
20251176.7
Prefabrication and Modular BIM WorkflowsOpportunities · 05

Prefabrication and Modular BIM Workflows

116 papers

10.7% of this theme group

Research highlights BIM-enabled supply chain integration to optimize modular and precast construction processes.

Prefabrication (69) · Modular design (28) · Structural engineering (15) · Precast concrete (12)

A BIM-based Supply Chain Integration for Prefabrication and Modularization

Optimizing the prefabrication finishing level in modular construction

View research history
YearShare index
2022243.7
2023247.8
2024204.7
2025200.7
Software‑Driven Sustainable Design ProcessesOpportunities · 06

Software‑Driven Sustainable Design Processes

114 papers

10.5% of this theme group

Works propose BIM‑based software frameworks that embed sustainability criteria throughout design and delivery.

Software engineering (12) · Building information modeling (41) · Architecture (10) · Workflow (13)

A Design Process Evaluation Method for Sustainable Buildings

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) for Maximizing Design and Construction Considerations Regarding Sustainability

View research history
YearShare index
20221043.4
20231012.6
2024759.2
2025675.5
Immersive Visualization with BIMOpportunities · 07

Immersive Visualization with BIM

99 papers

9.1% of this theme group

Authors present augmented and virtual reality extensions that improve stakeholder interaction with BIM models.

Augmented reality (18) · Visualization (26) · Virtual reality (14) · Building information modeling (63)

Investigating human and technological requirements for successful implementation of a BIM-based mobile augmented reality environment in faci

Cloud BIM Technology as a Means of Collaboration and Project Integration in Smart Cities

View research history
YearShare index
2022183.1
2023182.1
2024140.0
2025179.2

How this field compares with the research baseline

Orientation shares compared with 25,000 papers in the reference sample.

Research orientationThis fieldReference sample
Promising47.8%37.5%
Problem-identifying18.2%9.7%
Breakthrough15.4%26.2%
Descriptive11.1%17.4%
Comparative4.7%3.9%
Cautionary2.4%4.4%
Critical0.5%0.9%

Concerns receiving less research attention

Counts and shares refer to the stated research pool. A low count describes how much of that research is recorded here, not the absence of a real-world concern.

Concern / example paperPapersShareRaised as a problemWorldwide share
Privacy & surveillanceSimulation-Based Optimization of Surveillance Camera Types, Number, and Placement in Buildings Using BIM30.18%0 (0.0%)0.06%
Hardware, e-waste & supply chainWASTEie: Attributes that describe the waste and recycling-related aspects of materials, components and other 3D geometry20.12%0 (0.0%)0.07%
Energy & datacenter footprint00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Water use00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Carbon & emissions of compute00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Labour & data work00.0%0 (%)0.01%
Safety & misuse00.0%0 (%)0.02%
Bias & fairness00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Concentration of compute power00.0%0 (%)0.0%

Institution and researcher rankings use citations to their covered work. Research scope: United States. This may be broader than the company geography.

UNDERSTAND THE LANDSCAPE

PropTech in San Francisco: key questions

Clear definitions for making better comparisons.

What does this landscape measure?

It measures the tracked company ecosystem, recorded funding, hiring and other available evidence. It is not a market-size estimate.

Can segment counts be added together?

No. A company can belong to several segments, so segment counts and funding can overlap.

What does a missing figure mean?

A dash or unavailable panel means the current reviewed source snapshot does not support that figure.

KEEP EXPLORING

Put San Francisco in context

All landscapes ↗

Company ecosystem snapshot: 4 September 2026. Funding is recorded in USD; filed accounts retain their stated currency and reporting basis. Each section identifies its own coverage. The news and research behind these sections is explorable in Prism.

Canonical landscape ↗
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