Locked revenue figures are available in Radar; the eight company financial previews stay the same throughout this page. A dash means the figure is outside these featured lists. Revenue years vary by company; the figures are not a like-for-like revenue comparison. Compare annual accounts ↗
Paris’s
retail industry,
in focus.
The companies, capital and talent shaping retail in Paris. Find the leaders. Understand the segments. See where the activity is.

An industry ecosystem,
measured in context.
MEET THE COMPANIESExplore Paris’s retail leaders
24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.
Expand panel +
Explore Paris’s retail leaders
24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.
Company discovery
Recorded evidence onlyExplore the live startup set in Radar
No company example met every recorded classification, independence and public-profile gate in this snapshot. The live directory may have newer qualifying companies.
Explore classified startups in Radar ↗Retail industry KPIs in Paris
A few useful ratios bring the size of this ecosystem into perspective.
120 of 1,164 tracked companies have open roles.
260 of 1,164 tracked companies have a recorded round.
Share of disclosed capital received by the three largest recorded recipients.
Midpoint of 241 rounds with a disclosed amount.
Scale is concentrated. Opportunity is broader. The three largest funding recipients hold 48.5% of disclosed capital, while 77.7% of tracked companies have no recorded funding round.
Explore the segments →CAPITAL & COMPANY FORMATIONHow Paris retail has grown
Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.
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How Paris retail has grown
Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.
Disclosed funding by year
Sum of recorded funding rounds · USD
View the numbers
| Year | Funding (USD) | Founded | Raising |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | $108.25M | 85 | 28 |
| 2017 | $244.4M | 75 | 30 |
| 2018 | $265.95M | 73 | 25 |
| 2019 | $292.32M | 66 | 21 |
| 2020 | $646.73M | 74 | 24 |
| 2021 | $1.67B | 77 | 25 |
| 2022 | $521.72M | 38 | 29 |
| 2023 | $259.02M | 21 | 25 |
| 2024 | $171.73M | 13 | 13 |
| 2025 | $143.12M | 1 | 10 |
Funding concentration
Share of all disclosed company funding.
- Mirakl21.1%
- ManoMano14.1%
- Vestiaire Collective13.3%
- Other companies51.5%
Funding by stage
303 recorded rounds since 2016
Investors appearing most often
Recorded participation in retail company rounds since 2016.
- 01Bpifrance 45 rounds
- 02Founders Future 18 rounds
- 03Kima Ventures 18 rounds
- 04Alven 15 rounds
- 05Eurazeo 12 rounds
- 06Partech Partners 11 rounds
- 07Caphorn 10 rounds
- 08Daphni 10 rounds
- 09Aglae Ventures 10 rounds
- 010ISAI 10 rounds
Recent recorded rounds
Latest recorded rounds · USDLargest and notable recorded rounds
Each card is one recorded roundBacked by Silver Lake and 83NORTH and others.
Backed by Dragoneer Investment Group and Temasek and others.
Backed by 83NORTH and Bain Capital Ventures and others.
Backed by Tiger Global Management and Eurazeo and others.
Backed by Tiger Global Management and Kering and others.
Backed by SoftBank Vision Fund and Generation Investment Management and others.
Backed by Temasek and Kismet Holding and others.
Backed by Eurazeo and Aglae Ventures and others.
Backed by Tiger Global Management and Bain Capital Ventures and others.
Backed by Bpifrance and HLD Group.
THE BUSINESS BEHIND THE ACTIVITYRevenue, profitability & financial strength
Annual accounts for reporting companies linked to this landscape, on like-for-like currency and reporting bases.
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Revenue, profitability & financial strength
Annual accounts for reporting companies linked to this landscape, on like-for-like currency and reporting bases.
Display conversions use the dated reference rates above. Where a verified rate is unavailable, figures retain their source currency. Each reporting cohort keeps its currency and accounting basis separate.
FY2024 · company accounts; aggregate reporting threshold not met · 1 reporting entities from 10 eligible matches.
Sum of reporting-entity revenue; not Paris market sales.
Combined result for the same cohort.
Combined net income ÷ combined revenue.
The middle covered reporting entity.
None of 1 covered entities.
Share of covered revenue from the five largest entities.
Annual account trend
Reported cohort totals by year; coverage is stated for every period.
Bar height shows revenue. Changes in coverage can affect totals.
Profitability has two perspectives
FY2024 · 1 reporting entities
Open the company accounts
Up to eight fixed company previews show financial amounts. Search and sort the wider company list, then continue in Radar.
| Company / reporting entity | Revenue | Net profit / loss | Net margin | Revenue growth | Total assets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Francis Kurkdjian ↗508343886 | €196.2m | €54.9m | +28.0% | — | — |
Explore full company accounts and filings.
Explore a reporting entity
Choose “View accounts” to inspect an available company preview.
How does retail compare?
Each pair uses the same year, currency and reporting basis. Cohort overlap is disclosed.
| Industry | Covered / eligible | Revenue total | Median revenue | Net profit / loss | Aggregate margin | Profitable share | Overlap |
|---|
Available-account cohorts are not estimates of whole industries. Overlapping entities can occur in more than one cohort; do not add cohort totals.
Coverage, calculations & financial sources
Filed annual accounts for exact designated national identifiers. Every aggregate and peer pair uses one fiscal year, source currency and reporting basis; periods, coverage and overlap are explicit; 2026 partials are excluded.
The same up to eight reporting entities remain open across years, filters and sorts. Other company figures are available in Radar.
Source currencies and accounting bases stay separate. Missing accounts are excluded rather than treated as zero. Exact reporting periods appear on company previews. Annual totals can change with coverage and do not measure growth of a fixed company cohort.
Web traffic, app reach and release cadence
How the Paris companies on this page show up online: the sites people visit, the apps they install, and how often those apps ship.
Busiest websites
93 of the 1,164 companies on this page carry a measured traffic record (8%); these are the largest of those, by monthly visits. The median among them is 347,634 visits.
| Company | Monthly visits | Authority | Mobile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leboncoinleboncoin.fr | 109,917,602 | 92 | 61.8% |
| manomanomanomano.fr | 10,051,662 | 69 | 63.5% |
| Planityplanity.com | 7,947,402 | 68 | 75.6% |
| Maisons du Mondemaisonsdumonde.com | 7,183,619 | 69 | 70.4% |
| Sezanesezane.com | 7,008,103 | 64 | 76.5% |
| Showroomprive.comshowroomprive.com | 4,043,551 | 63 | 59% |
| Van Cleef & Arpelsvancleefarpels.com | 2,786,291 | 67 | 76.6% |
| balenciagabalenciaga.com | 2,537,756 | 69 | 70.5% |
| Interencheresinterencheres.com | 1,983,465 | 56 | 51.2% |
| la hallelahalle.com | 1,910,997 | 54 | 86.3% |
Visits and authority are third-party web estimates, not company-reported figures.
Most-installed apps
109 of these companies (9.4%) publish at least one Android app — 172 apps in all, carrying 98.4M installs between them.
| App | Installs | Rating | Store category |
|---|---|---|---|
| leboncoin, petites annoncesLeboncoin | 43.3M | 4.2 | Shopping |
| Showroom : Mode Maison VoyageShowroomprive.com | 16.1M | 4.5 | Shopping |
| Shopmium: Shop & Get Cash BackShopmium | 7.8M | 3.9 | Shopping |
| ManoMano - DIY and Gardenmanomano | 6.7M | 3.8 | Shopping |
| PlanityPlanity | 4.1M | 4.8 | Beauty |
| Beauté PrivéeBeauteprivee | 2.6M | 4.8 | Shopping |
| WeMoms Pregnancy Baby Trackerwemoms | 2M | 4.6 | Parenting |
| Sarenza - Shoes e-shopSarenza | 1.7M | 5 | Shopping |
| FidMarques - Mes cartes MarqueFidMarques | 1.1M | — | Shopping |
| Sézane Fashion & Leather GoodsSezane | 1M | 4.8 | Shopping |
Installs are lifetime totals to date at the June 2026 store reading — a measure of reach, not of people using an app today.
App reach by segment
The busiest app inside each of this page’s own segments, with the quarterly release trend behind it (2023Q1–2026Q1).
| Segment | Apps | Installs | Leading app | Release trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Horizontal E-Commerce | 9 | 67.5M | leboncoin, petites annonces 43.3M | |
| Fashion Tech | 19 | 19.5M | Showroom : Mode Maison Voyage 16.1M | |
| Coupons And Deals | 9 | 9.4M | Shopmium: Shop & Get Cash Back 7.8M | |
| Beauty Tech | 20 | 8.1M | Planity 4.1M | |
| B2C E-Commerce | 4 | 6.7M | ManoMano - DIY and Garden 6.7M | |
| Local Services | 20 | 5.9M | Cleaning Services - Wecasa 728.6K | |
| Mom & Baby Care | 6 | 2.6M | WeMoms Pregnancy Baby Tracker 2M | |
| Online Mom & Baby Care | 34 | 2.3M | Lunii 638.4K |
A company can carry several segment tags, so these rows overlap and should not be added together. Trend lines are zero-based and share one quarter grid, so a flat line is a quiet segment, not a missing one.
Release cadence by quarter
New apps published, beside apps whose most recent update landed in that quarter — the second bar is how much of the shelf is still being maintained.
Darker bars are new releases, lighter bars apps updated. 125 of 172 apps carry a release date. The series ends at 2026Q1, the last quarter that closed before the June 2026 reading.
INSIDE THE INDUSTRYThe Paris retail market map
Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.
Expand panel +
The Paris retail market map
Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.
Where companies are building
Rank segments by scale, hiring or disclosed funding.
Companies can sit in several segments. Counts and funding overlap.
Consumer digital
The largest measured segment in this report snapshot.
50 companies hiring · $1.59B disclosed funding
Explore in RadarHow companies make money
Common revenue models; a company can use more than one.
THE COMPANIES IN MOTIONWho is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work
Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.
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Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work
Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.
Recent corporate headlines 10 dated reports
ZigZag, the global post-purchase and returns network, has completed the acquisition of leading post-purchase platform Shipup.
EssilorLuxottica and Top Charoen announced that they have closed a transaction for EssilorLuxottica to become the partner of Top Charoen through the acquisition of a significant stake, strengthening the long-standing relationship between the two companies.
In an undisclosed deal, Tyneside-based SaleCycle has taken control of Beyable.
Winston & Strawn LLP accompanied Timothy Linÿer and Edouard Caraco, founders and CEOs of The Bradery in the acquisition of the majority stake held by Showroomprivat.
Blissim announces a bank refinancing of 45 million euros to accelerate its expansion in Europe.
Together with Sylius, we have signed agreements to acquire PrestaShop.
Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield (URW) acquired a 25% stake in St James Quarter, an iconic shopping centre in Edinburgh.
Madica, a structured investment program for pre‑seed African startups, has invested $400,000 into two AI‑powered companies Anavid and Hypeo AI.
Earlier this year, Paris-based Veesion raised €38 million to scale its AI-driven retail surveillance platform.
French beauty retailer Oh My Cream nabbed British beauty e‑commerce website Naturismo in April.
Full recorded event mix
Top 10 categories among 313 recorded events in the 24-month window.
Leadership moves
46 tracked people moves
Resignation Strategic Adviser
Appointment Interim President
Departure Previously Design Director at Carven
Appointment Chief Product Officer at Vestiaire Collective
Appointment Chief Technology Officer at Vestiaire Collective
Appointment Chief Executive Officer
Resignation Previously Deputy CEO of Lanvin
Appointment Director
Contract wins
1 recorded customer wins
Customer: burberryEyewear
Workforce actions
4 companies with reported reductions
229 rolesbusiness downturn
Scale not stated rolesbankruptcy
88 rolescost reduction
91 rolescost reduction
Litigation
3 tracked suits
tariff-related price hike refund claimClass Action · Filed
refund of tariffs and declaration of tariffs unlawfulCivil · Ongoing
Earnings pulse
Reported company results in the recorded window.
Median across 82 reported growth observations; companies may contribute multiple periods.
Mergers and acquisitions
Company-linked deal reports; status is preserved as recorded.
| Acquirer → target | Status | Date | Value / context |
|---|---|---|---|
| zigzag→Shipup ↗ | Completed | 2026-04-21 | Not stated in snapshot |
| EssilorLuxottica→top charoen | Announced | 2026-04-07 | Not stated in snapshot |
| EssilorLuxottica→giorgio armani | Rumored | 2026-04-01 | Not stated in snapshot |
| fosun→lanvin ↗ | 2026-02-27 | Not stated in snapshot | |
| salecycle→BEYABLE ↗ | Announced | 2026-01-15 | Not stated in snapshot |
| EssilorLuxottica→supreme | Completed | 2026-01-08 | Not stated in snapshot |
A discussion or rumour is not a completed transaction. An unstated value is not zero.
PEOPLE & OPPORTUNITYThe talent market
2,530 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 6,957-posting snapshot covers 140 employers.
Expand panel +
The talent market
2,530 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 6,957-posting snapshot covers 140 employers.
Most advertised job titles
2 tracked postings mention remote work.
The seniority mix
296 postings specify a level.
Skills employers mention
Top skills across 6,957 tracked postings in the available jobs snapshot.
Median across 706 postings with pay data, expressed in USD.
Companies hiring
| Company | Open roles |
|---|---|
| EssilorLuxottica ↗ | 13 |
| histoire d’or ↗ | 11 |
| la halle ↗ | 11 |
| Kinougarde ↗ | 11 |
| Courir ↗ | 10 |
| Maisons du Monde ↗ | 10 |
| Planity ↗ | 8 |
| Van Cleef & Arpels ↗ | 7 |
Large employers
| Company | Employees |
|---|---|
| EssilorLuxottica ↗ | 150,000 |
| Point.P ↗ | 11,500 |
| lanvin ↗ | 3,487 |
| balenciaga ↗ | 3,373 |
| Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield ↗ | 2,012 |
| Alinea ↗ | 2,000 |
| la halle ↗ | 1,900 |
| Kinougarde ↗ | 1,518 |
THE PEOPLE BUILDING THE FIELDFounders and leaders
706 founders and chief executives across 479 companies.
Expand panel +
Founders and leaders
706 founders and chief executives across 479 companies.
Philippe Corrot
Mirakl ↗Ex-Co-Founder & CEO SplitGames, Mayrev, Keyrus, Exponaute, Alenty, AppNexus.
Maximilian Bittner
Vestiaire Collective ↗CEO Vestiaire Collective, ex-Founder Lazada Group, Alibaba Group, McKinsey & Company, 3i Group, Morgan Stanley. UCL BSc 2001…
Nicolas Cohen
Ankorstore ↗Electra, I Make, Wecasa.fr, Gorgias, Accenta Energie, ex-Co-Founder A little Market. Arts and Crafts ParisTech 2000, HEC Paris 2001
Denis Fayolle
Singulart ↗Co-Founder Seed & Seeds, Humasana, Sensaterra, Farmitoo, Singulart. ENSIIE 2001
Maxime Brousse
Selency ↗Sequoia Capital, ex-Paris Entrepreneurship Network, Co-Founder World cycle tour EMT, The Talent Crusade. EDHEC Business School MSc 2011
Antoine Perrin
Alkemics ↗Ex-Thales. Polytechnic university 2011, Telecom ParisTech MSc
Quentin Brugiere
Dreem ↗ISAE-SUPAERO MSc 2013, University of California, Berkeley 2015, Polytechnic university 2016
Thomas Arnaudo
900.care ↗Paris Entrepreneur Network, ex- Co-Founder soyezBCBG, Pop'Tatoes.
Tom Hayat
BOXY ↗ParisTech School of Bridges MSc 2017, Ecole Normale Superieure Paris-Saclay MSc 2018
Marc Simoncini
Sensee ↗daphni, Angell · ex-CEO MEETIC.
Frederic Montagnon
Arianee ↗Ex-OverBlog, Teads.tv, Nomao, Codanova. Enseeiht 2000, INP Toulouse 2000
Charbel Seif
Polar Analytics ↗Ex-Airbnb, Turo. ParisTech School of Bridges BS 2019, University of California, Berkeley MS 2020
Education networks
102 profiles with education records.
Prior employers
24 profiles with prior-work records.
Profiles cover recorded founders and leaders; contact details remain in Radar.
NEWS INTELLIGENCEHow this industry appears in the news
59,596 articles in the measured 12-month window.
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How this industry appears in the news
59,596 articles in the measured 12-month window.
News volume trends
Retail coverage tagged Paris · articles per complete quarter
View quarterly article counts
| Quarter | Articles |
|---|---|
| 2021Q2 | 11,377 |
| 2021Q3 | 11,946 |
| 2021Q4 | 11,630 |
| 2022Q1 | 12,117 |
| 2022Q2 | 13,467 |
| 2022Q3 | 10,500 |
| 2022Q4 | 14,914 |
| 2023Q1 | 16,045 |
| 2023Q2 | 16,641 |
| 2023Q3 | 15,949 |
| 2023Q4 | 15,350 |
| 2024Q1 | 21,596 |
| 2024Q2 | 23,055 |
| 2024Q3 | 35,258 |
| 2024Q4 | 18,118 |
| 2025Q1 | 27,131 |
| 2025Q2 | 18,116 |
| 2025Q3 | 15,609 |
| 2025Q4 | 13,957 |
| 2026Q1 | 14,176 |
Article volume measures coverage, not market sales.
Tone of coverage over time
Most-covered companies
Company share of voice
423 recorded company events across 49 companies; percentages use that event total.
Leading coverage topics
Retail coverage tagged Paris · ranked by full-period article count.
Recent and prior counts use the source comparison windows.
Topics gaining and losing attention
France comparison coverage
| Keyword | Recent | Prior | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| multilateral diplomacy | 1,802 | 1,097 | 64% |
| national security strategy | 961 | 525 | 83% |
| conceptual rock albums | 885 | 19 | 4558% |
| trade dispute mechanisms | 728 | 459 | 59% |
| international cooperation | 727 | 468 | 55% |
| bilateral trade | 595 | 402 | 48% |
| nuclear proliferation | 521 | 271 | 92% |
| electric vehicle r&d | 452 | 303 | 49% |
| study overseas | 414 | 235 | 76% |
| aerial bombardments | 405 | 260 | 56% |
| olympic team selections | 610 | 3,331 | -82% |
| olympic trials | 508 | 3,082 | -84% |
| olympic venues | 240 | 1,827 | -87% |
| summer olympics athletics | 92 | 1,735 | -95% |
| olympians career highlights | 134 | 1,523 | -91% |
Event and signal lenses
France comparison coverage
Regulatory Risk
407,689 classified articleseconomic slowdown, geopolitical alliances, inflation outlook
45.9% critical · 30.4% positiveFunding Momentum
77,860 classified articlesclub valuation, inflation reports fx, currency intervention policies
35.6% critical · 41.8% positiveGrowth
164,912 classified articlesgdp growth rate, gdp acceleration, economic output growth
26.7% critical · 46.4% positiveRetail coverage tagged Paris. Topic labels describe recorded classifications and can include broad context.
DEMAND, SUPPLY & PLACEWhere demand signals run ahead of mapped supply — Paris
Compare demand signals in Paris’s newsflow with the retail categories mapped to each signal.
Expand panel +
Where demand signals run ahead of mapped supply — Paris
Compare demand signals in Paris’s newsflow with the retail categories mapped to each signal.
Signal percentile − supply percentile = gap in percentile points. Positive gaps highlight questions to investigate. A high signal can reflect spending pressure or access friction, as well as potential demand.
The comparison is relative to the signal families on this page. A supply percentile of zero means the lowest relative reading, not zero companies. It is a prioritisation clue, not measured market size or unmet demand.
The opportunity, in one view
Signal and mapped-supply percentiles, their gap, and change in the signal’s article share.
Swipe horizontally to compare all columns →
| Signal family | Signal percentile | Supply percentile | Relative gap | Gap (points) | Signal share vs prior year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Layoffs & income shocks ↗Spending Pressure | 100.0 | 0.0 | +100.0 | +174.5% | |
| Tourism footfall ↗Demand Driver | 25.0 | 50.0 | -25.0 | +61.9% | |
| Inflation & spending pressure ↗Spending Pressure | 25.0 | 100.0 | -75.0 | -17.1% |
Showing all 3 signals. Select a family for its history and mapped categories.
Where the signals are loudest
All 7 city readings for these demand families in the comparison geography. Paris is highlighted.
Each city’s reading is a share of its own coverage. Rows cover all of France for this page's signal families; Paris is marked.
Tourism footfall · Layoffs & income shocks
Layoffs & income shocks · Inflation & spending pressure · Tourism footfall
Tourism footfall · Layoffs & income shocks
Tourism footfall · Layoffs & income shocks
Tourism footfall
Inside the leading signals
Open any signal for its quarterly historySPENDING PRESSURELayoffs & income shocks+100.0percentile-point gap
Layoff cycles can pull discretionary spend back toward value offerings.
Mapped retail categories
- Internet First Brands236
- Marketplaces125
Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.
Quarterly share of Paris coverage
Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline
View quarterly signal counts
| Quarter | Mentions | Per 10,000 articles |
|---|---|---|
| 2024Q3 | 10 | 2.49 |
| 2024Q4 | 19 | 10.47 |
| 2025Q1 | 17 | 6.83 |
| 2025Q2 | 10 | 5.27 |
| 2025Q3 | 14 | 9.26 |
| 2025Q4 | 24 | 18.67 |
| 2026Q1 | 39 | 28.04 |
Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography
DEMAND DRIVERTourism footfall-25.0percentile-point gap
Visitor flows can convert into discretionary spend where they land.
Mapped retail categories
- Internet First Brands236
- B2C Fashion E-Commerce204
- Internet First Fashion Brands134
Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.
Quarterly share of Paris coverage
Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline
View quarterly signal counts
| Quarter | Mentions | Per 10,000 articles |
|---|---|---|
| 2024Q3 | 14 | 3.49 |
| 2024Q4 | 20 | 11.03 |
| 2025Q1 | 17 | 6.83 |
| 2025Q2 | 24 | 12.66 |
| 2025Q3 | 14 | 9.26 |
| 2025Q4 | 19 | 14.78 |
| 2026Q1 | 18 | 12.94 |
Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography
SPENDING PRESSUREInflation & spending pressure-75.0percentile-point gap
Sustained price pressure can shift spending toward value formats.
Mapped retail categories
- B2C E-Commerce517
- Marketplaces125
Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.
Quarterly share of Paris coverage
Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline
View quarterly signal counts
| Quarter | Mentions | Per 10,000 articles |
|---|---|---|
| 2024Q3 | 32 | 7.97 |
| 2024Q4 | 19 | 10.47 |
| 2025Q1 | 104 | 41.81 |
| 2025Q2 | 22 | 11.6 |
| 2025Q3 | 26 | 17.2 |
| 2025Q4 | 19 | 14.78 |
| 2026Q1 | 26 | 18.7 |
Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography
RESEARCH & CHANGING CONVERSATIONSRelated research and changing coverage
Paris retail coverage
Expand panel +
Related research and changing coverage
Paris retail coverage
Impacts of Behavioral, Organizational, and Spatial Factors on the Carbon Footprint of Traditional Retail and E-commerce in the Paris Region
Environmental Science & Technology
10 citations in the snapshot
The Origins of American International Retailing: Tiffany of New York in London and Paris, 1837–1914
The Business History Review
6 citations in the snapshot
What is growing in this coverage
France coverage of this page's demand families
| Keyword | Recent articles | Prior articles | Share change |
|---|
Share changes describe coverage in the stated comparison periods, not search demand or market size.
Retail in Paris: key questions
Clear definitions for making better comparisons.
What does this landscape measure?
It measures the tracked company ecosystem, recorded funding, hiring and other available evidence. It is not a market-size estimate.
Can segment counts be added together?
No. A company can belong to several segments, so segment counts and funding can overlap.
What does a missing figure mean?
A dash or unavailable panel means the current reviewed source snapshot does not support that figure.
Company ecosystem snapshot: 31 August 2026. Funding is recorded in USD; filed accounts retain their stated currency and reporting basis. Each section identifies its own coverage. The news and research behind these sections is explorable in Prism.
Canonical landscape ↗