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Funding and advertised pay are reported in USD; filed accounts retain their stated source currency and basis.

Exchange-rate basis

Indicative conversions use ECB reference rates dated 2026-09-14, applied consistently across all periods. They are not historical exchange rates. Indian rupees may use crore (1 crore = 10 million); other currencies use K, M and B. CSV downloads, source documents and quoted news headlines retain their original currencies.

THE SAN FRANCISCO EDITION 2026

San Francisco’s
accounting and tax software industry,
in focus.

The companies, capital and talent shaping accounting and tax software in San Francisco. Find the leaders. Understand the segments. See where the activity is.

Explore in Radar Read the key signals
Snapshot: Funding in USD
Illustrated cover for Accounting and Tax Software Industry Landscape of San Francisco
US
COMPANIES · CAPITAL · TALENT

An industry ecosystem,
measured in context.

Accounting and Tax Software illustration
Companies tracked 404Accounting and Tax Software ecosystem in San Francisco Disclosed funding $18.55B219 companies · all recorded rounds Companies hiring 47With open roles at the snapshot Tracked open roles 1643 employers posted in the preceding 30 days
MEET THE COMPANIES

Explore San Francisco’s accounting and tax software leaders

24 featured companies from the funding, hiring, revenue and team-size leaderboards.

Expand panel +
Explore the full landscape
Accounting and Tax Software company highlights in San Francisco, snapshot 3 September 2026
Company
Tauliataulia.com$6.22B—185—
Tradeshifttradeshift.com$1.24B———
Cartacarta.com$1.16B8 roles882—
Deeldeel.com$981.59M—1,411Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Gustogusto.com$718.35M—5,876—
Vantavanta.com$503.05M—361—
Pavepave.com$475.94M—218—
Chargebeechargebee.com$474.72M8 roles501Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Anaplananaplan.com—12 roles2,405$592.18MFYFY2022 filing
Emburseemburse.com—11 roles9—
Infinxinfinx.com—9 roles1,001Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
AKASAakasa.com—7 roles46—
Anrokanrok.com—7 roles40—
Monographmonograph.com—7 roles40—
6figr6figr.com——6—
Campfiremeetcampfire.com————
Expensifyexpensify.com——133$142.1MFYFY2025 filing
Mitermiter.com——24—
PayEmpayem.co——95Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Recurlyrecurly.com——254—
Sorabansoraban.com——8Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
Workstreamworkstream.us——127—
Zipziphq.com——218—
Zlurizluri.com——142Financial figure available in RadarView in Radar
24 featured companies

Locked revenue figures are available in Radar; the eight company financial previews stay the same throughout this page. A dash means the figure is outside these featured lists. Revenue years vary by company; the figures are not a like-for-like revenue comparison. Compare annual accounts ↗

Company discovery

Recorded evidence only
THE KEY SIGNALS

Accounting and Tax Software industry KPIs in San Francisco

A few useful ratios bring the size of this ecosystem into perspective.

3 September 2026
Hiring participation11.6%

47 of 404 tracked companies have open roles.

Funding participation57.7%

233 of 404 tracked companies have a recorded round.

Top 3 funding share46.5%

Share of disclosed capital received by the three largest recorded recipients.

Median disclosed round$7M

Midpoint of 427 rounds with a disclosed amount.

Scale is concentrated. Opportunity is broader. The three largest funding recipients hold 46.5% of disclosed capital, while 42.3% of tracked companies have no recorded funding round.

Explore the segments →
CAPITAL & COMPANY FORMATION

How San Francisco accounting and tax software has grown

Recorded company formation and disclosed funding across the complete annual series shown.

Expand panel +
2016 — 2025

Disclosed funding by year

Sum of recorded funding rounds · USD

San Francisco accounting and tax software
$0$2.56B$5.12B$7.68B$10.24B2016: $358.22M20162017: $186.23M20172018: $701.62M20182019: $709.22M20192020: $826.74M20202021: $8.99B20212022: $1.62B20222023: $1.32B20232024: $838.65M20242025: $1.34B2025
View the numbers
Annual accounting and tax software funding and company formation in San Francisco
YearFunding (USD)FoundedRaising
2016$358.22M1415
2017$186.23M1515
2018$701.62M1721
2019$709.22M2923
2020$826.74M3135
2021$8.99B2857
2022$1.62B2948
2023$1.32B4550
2024$838.65M2845
2025$1.34B2151
WHERE CAPITAL SITS

Funding concentration

Share of all disclosed company funding.

  • Taulia33.5%
  • Tradeshift6.7%
  • Carta6.2%
  • Other companies53.5%

Funding by stage

480 recorded rounds since 2016

NUMBER OF ROUNDS
Seed & Angel197 41.0%
Series A–B180 37.5%
Series C+ / PE64 13.3%
Grants, debt & other39 8.1%

Recent recorded rounds

Latest recorded rounds · USD
3 rounds

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Series A05/2026
Fazeshift $17M

Backed by F-Prime Capital and Gradient Ventures and others.

Series B03/2026
Doss $55M

Backed by Madrona and Premji Invest and others.

Series A03/2026
SkySelect $9M

Backed by Verb Ventures and The Rock Creek Group and others.

Largest and notable recorded rounds

Each card is one recorded round
10 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Series D09/2021
Deeldeel.com$428.5M

Backed by Coatue and Altimeter Capital and others.

Series E05/2019
Cartacarta.com$300M

Backed by Andreessen Horowitz and Lightspeed Venture Partners and others.

Series E10/2025
Deeldeel.com$300M

Backed by Ribbit Capital and Andreessen Horowitz and others.

Series F05/2020
Cartacarta.com$210M

Backed by Lightspeed Venture Partners and Andreessen Horowitz and others.

THE BUSINESS BEHIND THE ACTIVITY

Revenue, profitability & financial strength

Annual accounts for reporting companies linked to this landscape, on like-for-like currency and reporting bases.

Expand panel +
USD · millions · consolidated

Display conversions use the dated reference rates above. Where a verified rate is unavailable, figures retain their source currency. Each reporting cohort keeps its currency and accounting basis separate.

FY2025 · company accounts; aggregate reporting threshold not met · 1 reporting entities from 2 eligible matches.

Revenue in covered accounts—

Sum of reporting-entity revenue; not San Francisco market sales.

Net profit / loss—

Combined result for the same cohort.

Aggregate net margin—

Combined net income ÷ combined revenue.

Median company revenue—

The middle covered reporting entity.

Profitable entities—

None of 1 covered entities.

Top-five concentration—

Share of covered revenue from the five largest entities.

Annual account trend

Reported cohort totals by year; coverage is stated for every period.

Bar height shows revenue. Changes in coverage can affect totals.

Profitability has two perspectives

FY2025 · 1 reporting entities

Open the company accounts

Up to eight fixed company previews show financial amounts. Search and sort the wider company list, then continue in Radar.

1 reporting entities
Continue your financial research in Radar

Explore full company accounts and filings.

View financials in Radar ↗
SAN FRANCISCO · INDUSTRY COHORTS

How does accounting and tax software compare?

Each pair uses the same year, currency and reporting basis. Cohort overlap is disclosed.

IndustryCovered / eligibleRevenue totalMedian revenueNet profit / lossAggregate marginProfitable shareOverlap

Available-account cohorts are not estimates of whole industries. Overlapping entities can occur in more than one cohort; do not add cohort totals.

Coverage, calculations & financial sources

Filed annual accounts for exact designated national identifiers. Every aggregate and peer pair uses one fiscal year, source currency and reporting basis; periods, coverage and overlap are explicit; 2026 partials are excluded.

The same up to eight reporting entities remain open across years, filters and sorts. Other company figures are available in Radar.

Source currencies and accounting bases stay separate. Missing accounts are excluded rather than treated as zero. Exact reporting periods appear on company previews. Annual totals can change with coverage and do not measure growth of a fixed company cohort.

DIGITAL FOOTPRINT

Web traffic, app reach and release cadence

How the San Francisco companies on this page show up online: the sites people visit, the apps they install, and how often those apps ship.

Busiest websites

16 of the 404 companies on this page carry a measured traffic record (4%); these are the largest of those, by monthly visits. The median among them is 317,080 visits.

CompanyMonthly visitsAuthorityMobile
Tremendoustremendous.com65,064,4564798.1%
Gustogusto.com9,199,2286337.3%
Workstreamworkstream.us4,060,1315181.8%
Chargebeechargebee.com3,660,2654764.6%
Terraformterraform.io622,618505.5%
Vantavanta.com567,4784922.9%
PayStandpaystand.com473,5724286.3%
Orbwithorb.com387,9563918.7%
Monographmonograph.com246,204415.8%
6figr6figr.com232,3115158.9%

Visits and authority are third-party web estimates, not company-reported figures.

Most-installed apps

29 of these companies (7.2%) publish at least one Android app — 33 apps in all, carrying 19.8M installs between them.

AppInstallsRatingStore category
Udhaar Book: Wallet & AccountsUdhaar6.2M4.3Business
Mileage Tracker & Log - MileIQMileIQ4.7M4.6Finance
Expensify - Travel & ExpenseExpensify2.7M4.4Business
Everlance: Mileage TrackerEverlance2.3M4.7Finance
Gusto MobileGusto1.5M4.5Finance
Found: Business BankingFound827.3K4.6Finance
Emburse ProfessionalEmburse419.3K2.7Business
KeeperKeeper Tax372.1K4.5Finance
Carta - Manage your equityCarta264.2K4.8Business
Deel: Global Payroll & HRDeel227.9K4.4Business

Installs are lifetime totals to date at the June 2026 store reading — a measure of reach, not of people using an app today.

App reach by segment

The busiest app inside each of this page’s own segments, with the quarterly release trend behind it (2023Q1–2026Q1).

SegmentAppsInstallsLeading appRelease trend
Finance & Accounting Tech3119.5MUdhaar Book: Wallet & Accounts 6.2M
Online Travel910.3MMileage Tracker & Log - MileIQ 4.7M
Hrtech64.5MExpensify - Travel & Expense 2.7M
Investment Tech43MCarta - Manage your equity 264.2K
Banking Tech2836.5KFound: Business Banking 827.3K
Artificial Intelligence5372.9KKeeper 372.1K
Freelancer It2372.2KLaurel Time 156
Scm Software532.4KAirbase: Procure, Pay, Close 12.1K

A company can carry several segment tags, so these rows overlap and should not be added together. Trend lines are zero-based and share one quarter grid, so a flat line is a quiet segment, not a missing one.

Release cadence by quarter

New apps published, beside apps whose most recent update landed in that quarter — the second bar is how much of the shelf is still being maintained.

2023Q1: 12023Q1: 02023Q12023Q2: 12023Q2: 02023Q22023Q3: 12023Q3: 02023Q32023Q4: 22023Q4: 02023Q42024Q1: 22024Q1: 02024Q12024Q3: 12024Q3: 12024Q32025Q1: 12025Q1: 12025Q12025Q2: 12025Q2: 02025Q22025Q4: 22025Q4: 32025Q42026Q1: 12026Q1: 12026Q1

Darker bars are new releases, lighter bars apps updated. 31 of 33 apps carry a release date. The series ends at 2026Q1, the last quarter that closed before the June 2026 reading.

INSIDE THE INDUSTRY

The San Francisco accounting and tax software market map

Explore the segments behind the headline numbers.

Expand panel +

Where companies are building

Rank segments by scale, hiring or disclosed funding.

Enterprise tech384
Enterprise software316
Fintech298
Saas227
Cloud management46
Artificial intelligence44
Accounts receivable automation35
Native ai in financial services35
Hr saas31
Payroll management29
Integrated compliance management29
Cloud management platforms22

Companies can sit in several segments. Counts and funding overlap.

SEGMENT TO EXPLORE

Enterprise tech

The largest measured segment in this report snapshot.

384companies
12.2%have hiring activity

47 companies hiring · $17.91B disclosed funding

Explore in Radar

How companies make money

Common revenue models; a company can use more than one.

Subscription363
Commission on transaction31
Fee-for-service21
E-commerce - service8
Advertising4
E-commerce - product3
Sponsorship1
Lending1
THE COMPANIES IN MOTION

Who is listing, hiring leaders, launching and winning work

Recorded corporate activity linked to companies in this landscape.

Expand panel +
Recent corporate headlines 10 dated reports
Funding roundsseriesfi.com ↗

Two Yale University seniors, Nathaneo Johnson and Sean Hargrow, have raised a whopping $5.1 million in pre‑seed funding for their startup Series, an innovative AI social network that operates entirely within iMessage.

Mergers & acquisitionsmileiq.com ↗

Between 2024 and 2025, the Italian app developer purchased California’s MileIQ Inc.

Mergers & acquisitionsgusto.com ↗

Gusto, a leading provider of payroll, benefits, and HR solutions for small businesses, today announced it has acquired Mosey, a leading AI-powered business compliance platform.

Mergers & acquisitionscollectly.co ↗

Collectly acquired Pledge Health to expand its healthcare revenue cycle management (RCM) capabilities.

Funding roundsskyselect.com ↗

The investment will be used to enhance SkySelect´s AI sourcing and procurement optimisation tools.

Funding roundsrutter.com ↗

Virtual Marine Technology Inc., Solace Power Inc., CoLab AI Inc. and Rutter Inc. are also set to receive funding.

Mergers & acquisitionscarta.com ↗

Equity management platform Carta has acquired ListAlpha, a customer relationship management (CRM) software provider focused on venture capital and private equity firms.

Mergers & acquisitionsfinleycms.com ↗

Concord, the leading provider of credit administration servicing and software for specialty finance markets, announced the acquisition of Finley Technologies, a provider of credit facility management software for banks, asset managers, and corporate borrowers.

Funding roundstracehq.com ↗

Trace has secured $3 million in seed funding to address the critical barriers hindering AI agent adoption in enterprises.

Mergers & acquisitionsbalancecash.io ↗

Balance has acquired Digital Value Transfer Rails to expand its payments infrastructure with integrated digital asset and fiat money transmission capabilities.

Full recorded event mix

Top 10 categories among 298 recorded events in the 24-month window.

New products
77
Leadership moves
55
Funding rounds
54
Mergers & acquisitions
50
Contracts
15
Earnings
14
Company announcements
11
Lawsuit
6
Capital infusions
6
Job creation
4
7 activity cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

IPO pipeline

2 companies with recorded IPO activity

AKASA ↗

IPO1 reports

Deel ↗

Follow-on Offering1 reports

Leadership moves

16 tracked people moves

Maex Ament

Appointment Board of Directors

Ottimate ↗
Shawn Lane

Appointment Chief Executive Officer

Anaplan ↗
Mariel Fink

Appointment Senior Vice President, Global Channels and Alliances

Levelpath ↗
Charles Giardina

Appointment Vice President of Engineering

Anaplan ↗
Ana G. Pinczuk

Promotion Chief Development Officer

Deel ↗
Anthony Luis Rodriguez

Appointment Chief Compliance Officer

Deel ↗
Joe Kauffman

Appointment President and Chief Financial Officer

Deel ↗
DeAnn Work

Appointment General Counsel

Product launches

Products, platforms and features in the recorded window

Gusto ↗
Gusto Pro opportunities

Accounting

Gusto ↗
Automated contractor payments

Payroll

Carta ↗
Carta 401(k)

Retirement plan

Anaplan ↗
Anaplan Intelligence

AI Intelligence

Anaplan ↗
Anaplan on AWS in Singapore

AI‑driven scenario planning

Deel ↗
The Pitch

Competition

Arkestro ↗
Arkestro Opportunities

AI-powered procurement feature

Recurly ↗
Recurly Compass Assistant

AI decision engine

Contract wins

11 recorded customer wins

Naehas ↗

Customer: top-ten U.S. credit unionFinancial services

Naehas ↗

Customer: major Canadian retail bankFinancial services

Chargebee ↗

Customer: agicapFintech

Aria ↗

Customer: superloopTelecommunications

Campfire ↗

Customer: ai/ml innovationsTechnology

Chargebee ↗

Customer: futureMedia

Workforce actions

1 companies with reported reductions

Gusto ↗

190 rolescost reduction

Regulatory events

2 recorded events

Carta ↗

FSP grantedADGM\'s Financial Services Authority (FSRA)

Balance ↗

approved for registrationAlberta Treasury Board and Finance

Litigation

7 tracked suits

Company
anaplan v Timothy Brennan

breach of employment agreements and non‑compete violationCivil · Filed

Company
deel v rippling

corporate espionageCivil · Ongoing

Mergers and acquisitions

Company-linked deal reports; status is preserved as recorded.

Acquirer → targetStatusDateValue / context
bending spoons→MileIQ ↗2026-04-22Not stated in snapshot
Gusto→Mosey ↗Announced2026-04-09Not stated in snapshot
Collectly→pledge healthAnnounced2026-03-31Not stated in snapshot
Carta→ListAlphaAnnounced2026-03-19Not stated in snapshot
concord→Finley ↗Announced2026-03-03Not stated in snapshot
stripe→Metronome ↗Announced2026-01-13Not stated in snapshot

A discussion or rumour is not a completed transaction. An unstated value is not zero.

PEOPLE & OPPORTUNITY

The talent market

2,131 postings in the preceding 12 months. The full 3,604-posting snapshot covers 110 employers.

Expand panel +

Most advertised job titles

Account Executive28
Customer Success Manager28
Enterprise Account Executive23
Senior Talent Acquisition Specialist19
Sales Development Representative16
Brand & Social Media Marketing Manager16
1 internship postings

225 tracked postings mention remote work.

The seniority mix

1,264 postings specify a level.

unspecified
2,340
manager
597
senior
417
lead
216
intern
29
entry
5

Skills employers mention

Top skills across 3,604 tracked postings in the available jobs snapshot.

React
144
Python
127
Typescript
124
Aws
87
Salesforce
81
Sql
79
Ai
78
Postgres
69
Graphql
64
Excel
43
ADVERTISED PAY$140.0K/ year

Median across 404 postings with pay data, expressed in USD.

Salary by seniority

manager$121.8K/ year72 postings
senior$150.0K/ year42 postings

Advertised posting medians do not describe all employees or roles.

THE PEOPLE BUILDING THE FIELD

Founders and leaders

404 founders and chief executives across 237 companies.

Expand panel +
12 profiles

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Education networks

154 profiles with education records.

Stanford University
31
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
18
University of California (Berkeley)
17
University of Pennsylvania
13
Harvard University
13
Harvard Business School
11
Wharton School
8
Carnegie Mellon University
8

Prior employers

46 profiles with prior-work records.

Facebook
12
Microsoft
7
Uber
5
Google
5
Zoho
3
Morgan Stanley
3
Salesforce
3
Goldman Sachs
2

Profiles cover recorded founders and leaders; contact details remain in Radar.

NEWS INTELLIGENCE

How this industry appears in the news

16,463 articles in the measured 12-month window.

Expand panel +
16,463articles in the measured year
3,969articles in 2026Q1
72.9%positive tone in the latest complete year

News volume trends

Accounting and Tax Software coverage tagged San Francisco · articles per complete quarter

01,5223,0454,5676,0892021Q2: 3,3712021Q22021Q3: 4,0862021Q4: 3,0822022Q1: 4,6722022Q2: 3,9682022Q22022Q3: 3,5232022Q4: 3,7802023Q1: 4,7572023Q2: 5,2952023Q22023Q3: 4,1142023Q4: 3,9822024Q1: 4,6382024Q2: 3,8392024Q22024Q3: 4,5752024Q4: 3,9752025Q1: 5,1732025Q2: 3,9222025Q22025Q3: 4,5232025Q4: 3,4142026Q1: 3,9692026Q1
View quarterly article counts
QuarterArticles
2021Q23,371
2021Q34,086
2021Q43,082
2022Q14,672
2022Q23,968
2022Q33,523
2022Q43,780
2023Q14,757
2023Q25,295
2023Q34,114
2023Q43,982
2024Q14,638
2024Q23,839
2024Q34,575
2024Q43,975
2025Q15,173
2025Q23,922
2025Q34,523
2025Q43,414
2026Q13,969

Article volume measures coverage, not market sales.

Tone of coverage over time

2021
8,847 positive · 77 neutral · 2,392 negative
2022
11,549 positive · 146 neutral · 4,235 negative
2023
11,460 positive · 165 neutral · 6,502 negative
2024
11,801 positive · 140 neutral · 5,070 negative
2025
12,392 positive · 157 neutral · 4,451 negative

Leading coverage topics

Accounting and Tax Software coverage tagged San Francisco · ranked by full-period article count.

Cryptocurrency Impact On Forex Markets256,685 articles in the full recorded period
81,231 recent · 57,779 prior
Economic Indicators (Gdp, Cpi, Unemployment)85,368 articles in the full recorded period
23,344 recent · 21,792 prior
Trade Wars And Geopolitical Impacts83,564 articles in the full recorded period
27,512 recent · 23,590 prior
Interest Rate Decisions And Impacts72,480 articles in the full recorded period
18,840 recent · 16,113 prior
Central Bank Monetary Policy Announcements65,419 articles in the full recorded period
15,959 recent · 14,566 prior
Federal Reserve Policy Meeting Summaries64,366 articles in the full recorded period
16,609 recent · 14,246 prior
Global Recession Risks And Forecasts63,436 articles in the full recorded period
20,317 recent · 18,051 prior
Regulatory Compliance In Foreign Exchange Trading50,230 articles in the full recorded period
15,481 recent · 8,370 prior
Foreign Exchange (Forex) Rate Fluctuations49,040 articles in the full recorded period
15,924 recent · 11,344 prior
Quarterly And Annual Financial Results48,582 articles in the full recorded period
14,823 recent · 11,621 prior

Recent and prior counts use the source comparison windows.

Topics gaining and losing attention

United States comparison coverage

KeywordRecentPriorChange
stablecoin fx impact13,4346,005124%
stock price9,6914,500115%
etf trading8,2473,359146%
investment deal7,3751,414422%
etfs7,1692,969141%
decentralized forex6,9863,54997%
sector etfs6,8642,864140%
etf structures6,4212,622145%
etf products6,3392,481156%
share price5,7112,242155%
flood stage forecasting11910,236-99%
hydrologic risk modeling2610,145-100%
coastal flooding study1214,687-97%
flood control measures863,644-98%
severe weather warning3403,275-90%

Event and signal lenses

United States comparison coverage

All complete annual cohorts shown
Rising

Regulatory Risk

1,276,365 classified articles

economic slowdown, stock performance, currency intervention policies

49.0% critical · 33.8% positive
Rising

Funding Momentum

268,477 classified articles

inflation reports fx, currency intervention policies, trade deficits fx

37.5% critical · 48.9% positive
Rising

Growth

402,987 classified articles

gdp growth forex, inflation reports fx, trade deficits fx

43.1% critical · 39.1% positive

Accounting and Tax Software coverage tagged San Francisco. Topic labels describe recorded classifications and can include broad context.

RESEARCH SIGNALS

What Accounting and Tax Software research is working on

907 papers in the recorded india scope.

Expand panel +
907papers
13,825worldwide comparison pool
907India-affiliated papers

Research orientation

Promising
328
Problem-identifying
180
Descriptive
177
Breakthrough
97
Cautionary
88
Comparative
24
Critical
13

Contribution mix

Empirical
377
Reviews
209
Methods-led
156
Position pieces
151
Theoretical
14

Tone counts: 834 positive · 6 neutral · 67 negative.

Common problems researchers identify
193 papers · 21.3% of this field
  • Financial services116 papers
  • FinTech75 papers
  • Financial inclusion37 papers
  • Payment21 papers
  • Data breach12 papers
  • Retail banking11 papers
  • Cryptocurrency10 papers
  • Investment10 papers

Landmark: Fintech and Financial Services : Initial Considerations

Cautions
88 papers · 9.7% of this field
  • Financial services51 papers
  • Financial inclusion22 papers
  • FinTech22 papers
  • Big data12 papers
  • Transformative learning12 papers
  • Payment11 papers
  • Corporate governance11 papers
  • Financial market10 papers

Landmark: The FinTech Opportunity

Opportunities
425 papers · 46.9% of this field
  • Financial services217 papers
  • FinTech120 papers
  • Financial inclusion82 papers
  • Payment58 papers
  • Database transaction46 papers
  • Transformative learning44 papers
  • Financial literacy34 papers
  • Transparency30 papers

Landmark: Fintech Adoption Drivers for Innovation for SMEs in Indonesia

Leading institutions

Columbia University
667
National Bureau of Economic Research
654
Cornell University
653
New York University
643
California University of Pennsylvania
623
International Monetary Fund
307

Leading researchers

Itay Goldstein
621
Wei Jiang
621
George Andrew Karolyi
621
Thomas Philippon
433
Andrei Kirilenko
214
Andrew W. Lo
214
Vikram Haksar
207
Dong He
198

Highly cited breakthrough-labelled papers

  • E.T.-RNN87 citations
  • Evolutionary Approaches and the Construction of Technology-Driven Regulations79 citations
  • Eagle Strategy Arithmetic Optimisation Algorithm with Optimal Deep Convolutional Forest Based FinTech Application for Hyper-automation32 citations
  • FinTech and consumers: a systematic review and integrative framework28 citations
  • Blockchain technology and real-time auditing: Transforming financial transparency and fraud detection in the Fintech industry12 citations

Common problems researchers identify

150 papers · 4 recurring themes
4 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

FinTech and Financial System ChallengesCommon problems researchers identify · 01

FinTech and Financial System Challenges

55 papers

36.7% of this theme group

Researchers highlight how emerging financial technologies strain regulation and public sector operations.

FinTech (41) · Financial services (40) · Financial regulation (7) · Financial system (4)

FINANCIAL INCLUSION THROUGH TECHNOLOGY: A REVIEW OF TRENDS IN EMERGING MARKETS

Enhancing public sector financial operations and inclusion through innovative Fintech solutions

View research history
YearShare index
2022245.3
2023251.7
2024240.7
2025249.6
Inclusion Gaps in Digital FinanceCommon problems researchers identify · 02

Inclusion Gaps in Digital Finance

42 papers

28.0% of this theme group

Papers point to persistent barriers for underserved users despite technology‑enabled services.

Financial inclusion (16) · Financial services (29) · Retail banking (5) · Payment (7)

Leveraging Financial Inclusion Through Technology-Enabled Services Innovation

Digital Finance, Financial Inclusion and Gender Equality: Strategies for Economic Empowerment of Women

View research history
YearShare index
2022883.7
2023861.1
2024968.4
20251054.2
Crypto‑Related Fraud and Data RisksCommon problems researchers identify · 03

Crypto‑Related Fraud and Data Risks

33 papers

22.0% of this theme group

Studies expose vulnerabilities in digital transactions and the need for stronger fraud detection.

Cryptocurrency (6) · Resilience (5) · Data breach (5) · Financial transaction (4)

Machine Learning Approaches for Fraud Detection and Risk Assessment in Mobile Banking Applications and Fintech Solutions

Combating Illicit Finance in Digital Payment Services: The Role of Data Analytics and Technology in Preventing Payment Fraud and Scams

View research history
YearShare index
2022187.0
2023177.3
2024122.5
2025199.7
Risk Management Integration IssuesCommon problems researchers identify · 04

Risk Management Integration Issues

20 papers

13.3% of this theme group

Works discuss difficulties merging advanced analytics with traditional financial risk controls.

Financial services (16) · Leverage (3) · Risk management (2) · Financial risk (2)

Integrating Risk Management in Fintech and Traditional Financial Institutions through AI and Machine Learning

AI-Powered Credit Scoring: Scalable Big Data Architectures and Explainable Decision Intelligence for the Financial Sector

View research history
YearShare index
202277.9
202384.4
202479.2
2025150.7

Cautions

67 papers · 3 recurring themes
3 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Crypto and Mobile Payments Stability ConcernsCautions · 01

Crypto and Mobile Payments Stability Concerns

24 papers

35.8% of this theme group

Authors caution that peer‑to‑peer lending and crypto may undermine financial inclusion stability.

Cryptocurrency (5) · Mobile payment (4) · Financial inclusion (8) · Financial services (12)

Interdependence between online peer‐to‐peer lending and cryptocurrency markets and its effects on financial inclusion

Cryptography in Financial Markets: Potential Channels for Future Financial Stability

View research history
YearShare index
2022246.2
2023238.0
2024179.0
2025318.8
Systemic Risks from FinTech ExpansionCautions · 02

Systemic Risks from FinTech Expansion

23 papers

34.3% of this theme group

Research warns that rapid FinTech growth could amplify systemic vulnerabilities and data overload.

FinTech (14) · Financial services (13) · Systemic risk (4) · Big data (5)

FinTech and Sustainable Finance: How is FinTech Shaping the Future of Sustainable Finance?

The Complex Implications of Fintech for Financial Inclusion

View research history
YearShare index
2022182.3
2023175.6
2024135.0
2025240.2
Bias and Transparency in AI FinanceCautions · 03

Bias and Transparency in AI Finance

18 papers

26.9% of this theme group

Papers stress responsible innovation to avoid bias and opacity in AI‑driven financial services.

Financial services (13) · Transformative learning (5) · FinTech (8) · Transparency (4)

Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Bias In Finance: Toward Responsible Innovation

Unleashing the Power of AI in Financial Services: Opportunities, Challenges, and Implications

View research history
YearShare index
202271.3
202398.3
2024120.6
2025241.2

A further 2 papers sit in smaller themes.

Opportunities

314 papers · 6 recurring themes
6 cards

Swipe or scroll horizontally to browse.

Mobile Solutions for Financial InclusionOpportunities · 01

Mobile Solutions for Financial Inclusion

82 papers

26.1% of this theme group

Studies explore how mobile payments and literacy tools can reach unbanked populations.

Financial inclusion (52) · Mobile payment (16) · Financial literacy (21) · Financial services (44)

Advancing financial inclusion through fintech: Solutions for unbanked and underbanked populations

The Role of Financial Technology (FinTech) in Advancing Financial Inclusion and Equity.

View research history
YearShare index
2022115.8
2023142.0
2024128.5
2025265.9
FinTech‑Driven Financial InnovationOpportunities · 02

FinTech‑Driven Financial Innovation

60 papers

19.1% of this theme group

Research highlights new payment models and digital transformation reshaping financial services.

FinTech (40) · Financial innovation (9) · Financial services (26) · Payment (12)

FinTech and Financial Innovation: Drivers and Depth

Digital Transformation in Financial Services and FinTech: Trends, Innovations and Emerging Technologies

View research history
YearShare index
2022878.2
2023857.4
2024965.4
20251051.1
AI Empowering Sustainable FinanceOpportunities · 03

AI Empowering Sustainable Finance

56 papers

17.8% of this theme group

Works examine how machine learning can support sustainable financial technologies and risk management.

Financial services (35) · Transformative learning (13) · Financial market (7) · Systemic risk (4)

Empowering Financial Services: The Transformative Impact of AI on FinTech Innovation

Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Sustainable Financial Technologies: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Prospect

View research history
YearShare index
202259.0
202382.2
2024256.7
2025191.7
Predictive Analytics for Scalable ServicesOpportunities · 04

Predictive Analytics for Scalable Services

56 papers

17.8% of this theme group

Papers describe cloud‑based deep learning improving risk evaluation and market forecasting.

Financial services (31) · Analytics (11) · Scalability (9) · Leverage (7)

Transforming financial services through predictive analytics and banking systems integration

Deep Learning Architectures Deployed on Cloud Platforms for Dynamic Financial Risk Evaluation and Market Prediction

View research history
YearShare index
2022133.6
2023142.7
202489.7
2025192.5
Blockchain for Transparency and AuditingOpportunities · 05

Blockchain for Transparency and Auditing

30 papers

9.6% of this theme group

Research investigates blockchain’s role in real‑time auditing and fraud detection.

Blockchain (11) · Cryptocurrency (10) · Digital currency (8) · Currency (6)

Blockchain technology and real-time auditing: Transforming financial transparency and fraud detection in the Fintech industry

Blockchain Technology for Financial Services & Globalization

View research history
YearShare index
2022905.6
2023967.4
2024915.8
20251033.4
Deep Learning in Credit Fraud DetectionOpportunities · 06

Deep Learning in Credit Fraud Detection

30 papers

9.6% of this theme group

Studies focus on advanced models to identify credit card fraud and improve risk assessment.

Credit risk (10) · Credit card fraud (5) · Database transaction (9) · Credit card (5)

Deep Learning in Financial Fraud Detection: Innovations, Challenges, and Applications

Application of Deep Learning in Financial Credit Card Fraud Detection

View research history
YearShare index
2022207.4
2023187.5
2024108.0
2025205.7

How this field compares with the research baseline

Orientation shares compared with 25,000 papers in the reference sample.

Research orientationThis fieldReference sample
Promising36.2%37.5%
Problem-identifying19.8%9.8%
Descriptive19.5%17.6%
Breakthrough10.7%26.0%
Cautionary9.7%4.4%
Comparative2.6%3.8%
Critical1.4%0.9%

Concerns receiving less research attention

Counts and shares refer to the stated research pool. A low count describes how much of that research is recorded here, not the absence of a real-world concern.

Concern / example paperPapersShareRaised as a problemWorldwide share
Privacy & surveillanceSecurity and Privacy in FinTech121.75%7 (58.3%)0.91%
Bias & fairnessDigital Finance, Financial Inclusion and Gender Equality: Strategies for Economic Empowerment of Women30.44%2 (66.7%)0.1%
Concentration of compute powerModerating effect of fintech adoption on market power and bank stability Nexus: Indian evidence30.44%0 (0.0%)0.26%
Energy & datacenter footprintAccelerating agricultural green development in ASEAN: The power of digital inclusive finance20.29%0 (0.0%)0.23%
Carbon & emissions of computeRethinking portfolio design with sustainable AI and FinTech: dynamic spillovers in a quantile–frequency framework10.15%0 (0.0%)0.01%
Labour & data workEnsuring financial inclusion through platform design: Technical frameworks for inclusive growth in the digital labor eco10.15%0 (0.0%)0.04%
Safety & misuseBridging Misinformation Gaps: A Framework for Enhancing Trust and Financial Literacy in Microinsurance Adoption among Sm10.15%0 (0.0%)0.08%
Water use00.0%0 (%)0.0%
Hardware, e-waste & supply chain00.0%0 (%)0.0%

Institution and researcher rankings use citations to their covered work. Research scope: United States. This may be broader than the company geography.

DEMAND, SUPPLY & PLACE

Where demand signals run ahead of mapped supply — San Francisco

Compare demand signals in San Francisco’s newsflow with the accounting and tax software categories mapped to each signal.

Expand panel +
HOW TO READ THE GAP

Signal percentile − supply percentile = gap in percentile points. Positive gaps highlight questions to investigate. A high signal can reflect spending pressure or access friction, as well as potential demand.

The comparison is relative to the signal families on this page. A supply percentile of zero means the lowest relative reading, not zero companies. It is a prioritisation clue, not measured market size or unmet demand.

COMPARISON PERIOD2025-05-01 to 2026-05-01Against 2024-05-01 to 2025-05-01Explore the signals ↓

The opportunity, in one view

Signal and mapped-supply percentiles, their gap, and change in the signal’s article share.

Swipe horizontally to compare all columns →

4 San Francisco demand signals compared with mapped accounting and tax software supply
Signal familySignal percentileSupply percentileRelative gapGap (points)Signal share vs prior year
Tech workforce shifts ↗Spending Pressure50.00.0+50.0+68.7%
Cloud & platform build-out ↗Infrastructure Shift83.3100.0-16.7+239.4%
Open-source momentum ↗Ecosystem Signal16.750.0-33.3+82.4%
Security incidents & breaches ↗Risk Pressure50.0—No matching category—+120.2%

Showing all 4 signals. Select a family for its history and mapped categories.

Where the signals are loudest

All 12 city readings for these demand families in the comparison geography. San Francisco is highlighted.

Mentions per 10,000 articles

Each city’s reading is a share of its own coverage. Rows cover all of the United States for this page's signal families; San Francisco is marked.

Seattle127.4

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

San Francisco86.7

Tech workforce shifts · Cloud & platform build-out · Security incidents & breaches

Minneapolis74.9

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Newark61.3

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Portland59.5

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

St. Louis54.2

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Austin46.1

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Detroit43.9

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

San Diego43.7

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Orlando40.9

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Atlanta40.1

Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches · Cloud & platform build-out

Las Vegas30.5

Cloud & platform build-out · Tech workforce shifts · Security incidents & breaches

Inside the leading signals

Open any signal for its quarterly history
SPENDING PRESSURETech workforce shifts+50.0percentile-point gap
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Hiring, visa and layoff cycles can resize teams — per-seat budgets tend to follow.

36.88mentions per 10,000 articles+68.7%share change vs prior year

Mapped accounting and tax software categories

  • Hr Saas31

Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.

Quarterly share of San Francisco coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

0193756742024Q3: 132024Q32024Q4: 382024Q42025Q1: 192025Q12025Q2: 152025Q22025Q3: 642025Q32025Q4: 592025Q42026Q1: 212026Q1
View quarterly signal counts
Tech workforce shifts in San Francisco coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q32513.26
2024Q46638.61
2025Q14819.21
2025Q22015.4
2025Q37664.36
2025Q45359.12
2026Q13521.14

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

Seattle91.8 / 10,000
Minneapolis68.4 / 10,000
St. Louis50.7 / 10,000
INFRASTRUCTURE SHIFTCloud & platform build-out-16.7percentile-point gap
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Cloud and platform build-out can multiply the pipelines and environments a team must manage.

21.32mentions per 10,000 articles+239.4%share change vs prior year

Mapped accounting and tax software categories

  • Saas227
  • Cloud Management46
  • Hr Saas31
  • Cloud Management Platforms22

Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.

Quarterly share of San Francisco coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

0132538512024Q3: 72024Q32024Q4: 62024Q42025Q1: 52025Q12025Q2: 72025Q22025Q3: 442025Q32025Q4: 242025Q42026Q1: 102026Q1
View quarterly signal counts
Cloud & platform build-out in San Francisco coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q3147.43
2024Q4116.43
2025Q1135.2
2025Q2107.7
2025Q35244.03
2025Q42224.54
2026Q11710.27

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

San Francisco23.2 / 10,000
Las Vegas13.6 / 10,000
Seattle13.0 / 10,000
ECOSYSTEM SIGNALOpen-source momentum-33.3percentile-point gap
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Open-source momentum can seed the commercial layer around the projects teams adopt.

13.06mentions per 10,000 articles+82.4%share change vs prior year

Mapped accounting and tax software categories

  • Enterprise Software316

Companies can appear in multiple categories; these counts are not a unique-company total.

Quarterly share of San Francisco coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

071421282024Q3: 72024Q32024Q4: 122024Q42025Q1: 32025Q12025Q2: 202025Q22025Q3: 242025Q32025Q4: 32025Q42026Q1: 62026Q1
View quarterly signal counts
Open-source momentum in San Francisco coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q3147.43
2024Q42112.28
2025Q193.6
2025Q22620.02
2025Q32924.56
2025Q433.35
2026Q1106.04

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

San Francisco11.5 / 10,000
Seattle7.1 / 10,000
Boston6.4 / 10,000
RISK PRESSURESecurity incidents & breaches—supply not mapped
THE OPERATING HYPOTHESIS

Breach pressure can push security into every buying decision.

13.83mentions per 10,000 articles+120.2%share change vs prior year

Mapped accounting and tax software categories

This signal has no matching category in the page’s accounting and tax software market map, so no supply percentile or gap is assigned.

Quarterly share of San Francisco coverage

Mentions per 10,000 articles · zero baseline

071421282024Q3: 52024Q32024Q4: 62024Q42025Q1: 22025Q12025Q2: 242025Q22025Q3: 162025Q32025Q4: 52025Q42026Q1: 122026Q1
View quarterly signal counts
Security incidents & breaches in San Francisco coverage
QuarterMentionsPer 10,000 articles
2024Q3105.3
2024Q4116.43
2025Q172.8
2025Q23224.64
2025Q32016.94
2025Q455.58
2026Q12112.68

Where this signal concentrates in the comparison geography

Newark25.4 / 10,000
Portland22.1 / 10,000
Seattle15.4 / 10,000
RESEARCH & CHANGING CONVERSATIONS

Related research and changing coverage

San Francisco accounting and tax software coverage

Expand panel +
RESEARCH CONTEXT · 2021

Exploring the Profiles of Software Testing Jobs in the United States

IEEE Access

23 citations in the snapshot

RESEARCH CONTEXT · 2021

AI and DevOps in Information Technology and Its Future in the United States

SSRN Electronic Journal

14 citations in the snapshot

RESEARCH CONTEXT · 2024

The Integration of AI and Devops in the Field of Information Technology and Its Prospective Evolution in the United States

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology

7 citations in the snapshot

RESEARCH CONTEXT · 2021

Global and Latin American female participation in evidence-based software engineering: a systematic mapping study

Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society

6 citations in the snapshot

What is growing in this coverage

San Francisco coverage of this page's demand families

KeywordRecent articlesPrior articlesShare change
cloud infrastructure3311358.7%
threat feed integration218301.4%
vulnerability intelligence198263.1%
ai hardware2920121.7%

Share changes describe coverage in the stated comparison periods, not search demand or market size.

UNDERSTAND THE LANDSCAPE

Accounting and Tax Software in San Francisco: key questions

Clear definitions for making better comparisons.

What does this landscape measure?

It measures the tracked company ecosystem, recorded funding, hiring and other available evidence. It is not a market-size estimate.

Can segment counts be added together?

No. A company can belong to several segments, so segment counts and funding can overlap.

What does a missing figure mean?

A dash or unavailable panel means the current reviewed source snapshot does not support that figure.

KEEP EXPLORING

Put San Francisco in context

All landscapes ↗

Company ecosystem snapshot: 3 September 2026. Funding is recorded in USD; filed accounts retain their stated currency and reporting basis. Each section identifies its own coverage. The news and research behind these sections is explorable in Prism.

Canonical landscape ↗
Coming soon